YS%,dxlSh uyck u;h yev.eiaùfuys,d ckudohfha n,meu

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1 YS%,dxlSh uyck u;h yev.eiaùfuys,d ckudohfha n,meu wd¾' tï' rsâ 6 ixfciamh udkj ksoyi iy ixj¾okh iene jyfhkau w¾:j;a jkafka ieu l,losu rdchhl ck;dj N=la;s ú`oskakdjq ksoyia woyia m%ldykh u;h' fuu ksoyia woyia m%ldykfhaos b;d w.kd ld¾hhla ckudoh úiska bgq lrkq,nhs' fï ksid úúo lrekq ms<sn`oj ck;djf.a u;hka fjkia lsrsug o" yelshdjla ckudohhkag wo jk úg,eî ;sfí' úfyaifhkau foaymd,kh" wohdmkh" fi!lhhg wod< isoaëka yd wjia:d ms<sn`oj os¾>ld,ks jyfhka ckudohhkaf.a wjodkh fhduq lsrsu ;=<ska tu lafia;% ;=< úyd, fjkila isÿ lsrsug wjia:dj,eî ;sfí' ckudoh ;=<ska tla tla mqoa.,hd flfrys we;sjk n,meu wdrïnfhaos iq`t uügul mej;sh o" os¾>ld,ks j úyd, msrsilg tu n,meu ls%hd;aul fõ' fuysos hï u;hla úoyd mdñka hï lrekla ms<sn`o ckudoh ;=< ksrka;rfhka wjodkh fhduq lsrsu fya;=fjka thg fhduqjk mqoa.,hskaf.a u;jdo yd w¾: ksremkhka o" fjkialï j,g n`ÿka fõ' ta wkqj" wo jk úg hym;a foaymd,k ixiald;shl wjyh;dj ms<sn`o u;jdohla ckudoh úiska YS%,dxlSh mqrjeishka ;=< f.dvk`.d ;sfí' tkhska,xldfõ mj;sk foaymd,k ikao¾nh ;=< hym;a foaymd,k ixiald;shla ms<sn`o u;h f.dvke`.su yryd j¾;udk foaymd,k lafia;%hg ckudoh u`.ska t,a,jk n,meu úuid ne,su fuu wohhkfha wruqk ù we;' wohhkhg wjyh f;dr;=re imhd.eksu oaú;shsl f;dr;=re uq,dy% u; mokï úh' tysos" úyaf,aikh i`oyd mdol lr.kq,enqfõ úia;rd;aul l%ufõoh hs' wohhkfha ks.ukh jkafka" md,lhska ckudoh úfrdaodl,ams ms<sfj;la wkq.ukh lrñka mqrjeishkaf.a f;dr;=re oek.eksfï whs;sh isud lsrsug Wkkaÿjla olajk njhs' kuq;a l=uk u¾okldrs ;;a;ajhka hgf;a jqj o" fkdie,s isáñka ck;dj fj; ksjerosjq;a" i;hjq;a f;dr;=re iïfma%ikh lsrsug ckudoh ork m%h;akh úysiagh hkakhs' uqlh mo# ckudoh" foaymd,kh" mqrjeishka" uyck u;h ye`oskaùu.;jq Y;j¾Ih ;=< YS%,dxlSh foaymd,k iudch iqúfyais mrsj¾;k /ilg Ndckh ù we;s w;r ;jÿrg;a mrsj¾;kh fjñka mej;u y`ÿkd.; yelsh' fuysos ckudoh fuls foaymd,k iudc mrsj¾;khkag fnfyúka bjy,a ù we;' úfyaifhkau kq;k ikaksfõok ;dlaikls fuj,ï j,ska ikakoao ckhd m%cd;ka;%jdofhka neyer jq l,yldrs wr.,hka yryd mj;akd rchka fjkia lsrsfï m%jk;dj fjkqjg ksy`v úma,jhka u`.ska mj;akd rchka fjkia lsrsfï fm;sydisl foaymd,ksl ixisoaëka f,dj mqrd oel.; yelsh' YS%,xldj ;=< o" 2015 ckjdrs 08 mej;s ckdêm;sjrk m%;sm,h fuhg losu ksoiqkls' tys " ckudohfha yeisrsu wkqj iudcfha u;jdo mjd fjkia lsrsug yelshdjla ckudoh i;=h hk mdvu md,lhskag wjfndao úh' úfyaifhkau rfü md,lhskaf.a widodrklï yd IK ms<sn`o f;dr;=re mqrjeishka m<uqj oek.kafka ckudoh ;=<ska jk ksid ckudoh ms<sn`oj foaymd,{hska ish wm%idoh m< lsrsug fhduq jk w;r ;u IK yd jxpd i`.jd.eksu i`oyd ckudohhkag úúo isud mkjñka udoh u¾okh lsrsug o" fm<ö we;' kuq;a l=uk 6 Ydia;%fõoS foaymd,k úohd ^úfyai& f;jk jir 55

2 u¾okldrs miqìï ;=< jqj o" mqrjeishka fjkqfjka i;hh.fõikh w;yer oeóug ckudoh o" iqodkï fkdfõ' flfia fj;;a j¾;udk f,dalh foi n,k úg udoh ksoyi fkdue;s fyda wvq rgj, wdkavqj úiska mqrjeishka yiqrejkq,eîula olakg we;s w;r udoh ksoyi ;sfnk rgj, mqrjeishka jvd ksoyila N=la;s ú`osñka wdkavqj yeisrùug fm<öu;a olakg,efí' ckudoh yd cku;h rdchhl mj;sk wdkavqj úiska ls%hdjg kxjkakdjq rdch m%;sm;a;s tys ls%hdldrs;ajh yd foaymd,ksl jyfhka jeo.;a isÿùï ms<sn`oj" fok,o wjia:djlos ck;dj m%ldy lrkq,nk woyiaj, idudkhlrkh jq woyi cku;h f,i ye`oskafõ ^fidhsid" 2009( 539&' wka;¾cd;sl foaymd,kh ;=< fukau cd;sl foaymd,kh ;=< o uyck u;h w;syh jeo.;a ls%hd l,dmhla bgq lrkq,nhs' mqoa.,fhl=f.a u;h yev.eiaùu flfrys mjq," wohdmkh" wd.ñl ixúodk" iudc lkavdhï" ckudoh hk idol n,mdk w;r ckudoh idolh mqoa., u;h yev.eiaùfuys,d jeo.;a ld¾hndrhla bgq lrkq,nhs ^fidhsid" 2009( 550&' úfyaifhkau woyia m%ldy lsrsfï iy m< lsrsfï ksoyi m%cd;ka;%jdoh.re lrk rgj, b;d by<ska.re lrk whs;sjdisluls' ta wkqj ckudoh tls ksoyi Wmrsu N=la;s ú`osñka iudcfha úúo lafia;%j,g wod< isoaëka ms<sn`o iúia;rd;aul ú.%yhla ish.%dylhska fj; bosrsm;a lrñka Tjqka ;=< ta ms<sn`o hï u;hla f.dvke`.su isÿ lrkq,nhs' ta wkqj ckudoh hkq ñksidf.a Ôú;hg w;hjyh fohla nj;a ta Tiafia b;d mq`m,a iudc ld¾hndrhla isÿjk nj;a wújdod;aulh' ikaksfõokh ñksid YsIagdpdr.; jkakg mgka.;a od iy Bg fmr isgu úúodldrfhka ixj¾oksh ;;a;ajhlg m;ajq úihls' udkj jxyl;dfõ kj ixêia:dkhla igyka lrñka f.da,shlrkh yryd ;dlaiksl oshqkqfõ ysks fm;a;gu wo úyajh meñk we;' fuu ;dlaiksl oshqkqj;a iu`.u ikaksfõok udoh o" m%n, f,i oshqkjq g m;aúh' 1948 os yer,a ã,eiafj,a ikaksfõokh ks¾jpkh lf,a hfula" hï lsisjla" lsishï kd,ldjlska" hï flfkl=g" lsishï n,meula we;s lsrsu i`oyd m%ldy lrhs o" th ikaksfõokh kï fõ' hkqfjks' tfiau ikaksfõokh hkq hï ;ekl ks¾udkh jq fyda f;dard.;a mksjqvhla ta yd iudk f,i ;j;a ;efkl m%;sks¾udkh lsrsulã f,i laf,daâ Iefkdka yd fjdrka ùj¾ 1949 os ks¾jpkh lr we; ^ wkqj b;d úyd, msrsila wduka;%kh lsrsu i`oyd;a ñksidg ndysr mrsirh ;=< isÿjk fkdfhl=;a f;dr;=re oek.eksu i`oyd;a ckudoh ks¾udkh ù we;' tysos m%cd;ka;%jdos wdkavqjla iy mqrjeishka w;r ;sìh hq;= ksrka;r l;sldj uq,sl jyfhkau meje;afjkafka ckudoh kue;s fõosldj Wmfhda.S lr.ksñks' fï wkqj mqrjeis iudch fufyhùu" mqrjeis iudch oekqj;a lsrsu" mqrjeishka yryd iudch úuis,a,g Ndckh lsrsu hk mq`t,a j.lsï iuqodh ckudoh iu`. ne`os mj;sk w;r fuu j.lsï bgq lsrsug wjyh n,h o" ck;dj yryd ckudoh ;=< talrdys ù we;' uq,a jljdkqfõos ckudohfha j.lsu jqfha iudcfha meje;aug wod< f;dr;=re tla/ia fldg tajd uyckhd fj; fnod yersuh' tysos th ñksidf.a bosrs.ukg wjyh fldkafoaishla f,i olajd ;sìks' fojeks jljdkqj jk úg ckudohfha ld¾hndrh jqfha i;h fy,sorõ lsrsuh ^ úfyaifhkau iudcfha wdêm;h ork md,lhska yd fjk;a m%n, lkavdhï úúo f;dr;=re yd isoaê md,s;hskaf.ka i`.jd ;sfnk ms<sfj;la wo fukau to;a ;sìks' fï wkqj i;h fy,sorõ lsrsu iudc wjyh;djla njg m;ajqkq w;r tls ld¾hndrh ckudoh úiska ndr.kakd,os' ;j o" i;h fy,sorõ lr.eksfuka fkdkej;s i;h ie`.ùfï wruqk ms<sn`o úu¾ykh lrñka ta ms<sn`o iudch ;=< u;hla f.dvkexùu o wo jk úg ckudohfha úih lafia;hg we;=<;aj we; ^úfêfldaka" 2011( 35&' ta wkqj cku; ks¾udkhg ckudoh w;hjyh fõ' cku; ks¾udkh lrkq,nkafka ckudoh 56

3 u`.ska jk w;r cku; ks¾udkh ckudohfha fufyjrls' ksoiqkla f,i YS%,xldfõ W;=f¾ hqoaoh ms<sn`o rdch yd fm!oa.,sl udoh w;r tl`.;djla fkdùh' tysos rdch udoh hqoaohg mlaimd;s jd¾;dlrkhl kshe Kq w;r fm!oa.,sl udoh úfõpkys,s úh' tfy;a udkqisl fufyhqu hk talu;sl rdch u;jdoh ck.; lsrsug iuia; udoh moao;shu lghq;= l< w;r ta fya;=fldgf.k iuia;,dxlsl ck;dju th hqoaohla f,i fkdj udkqish fufyhqula hk odiaáfhka n,d thg iyh m< l<y' ckudoh u`.ska isÿl< yels iudc fjki ms<sn`o ;j;a WodyrK f,i 1994 wf.daia;= ue;sjrkh yd 2015 ckjdrs 08 ckdêm;sjrkh oelaúh yelsh' 1994 wf.daia;= ue;sjrkh wjia:dj jk úg úl,am ^geíf,dhsâ& mqj;am;a os¾> ld,hla ;siafia wjodkh fhduq fldg ;snqkq uq,sl whs;sjdislï W,a,x>Kh lsrsï we;=`m iudc úfrdaë ls%hdjka ms<sn`oj ck;dj oekqj;a lsrsfï m%;sm,hla f,i tu ;;a;ajh ue;sjrk m%;sm, flfrys o" oeä f,i n,mefõh' 2015 ckjdrs 08 ue;sjrkh jk úg rg ;=< ckudoh ksoyi w;syh isud ù ;snq miqìula ;=< úmlaifha u;jdo mqrjeishka lrd f.k hdu w;syh ixls¾k úh' ta wkqj fmdÿ úmlaih f*aianqla" Üúg¾ jeks kj udoh yryd jvd;a mqrjeishka iu`. l:dny lf,ah' tysos kj udoh iu`. ks;ru.kqfokq lrk ;rek msrsiaj, iyh u; md,kfha fjkila lsrsug fmdÿ úmlaihg yelshdj Wod úh' cku;hla f.dvke`.sug ckudoh N+ñldj w;syh jeo.;a idolhla njg Y%S,xldj wdy%fhka ue;ld,skj osh yels fyd`ou isÿùu jkafka r;=miaj, isÿùuhs' tysos r;=miaj, je,sfõrsfha ck;dj rgla rdchhla b,ä fõ ke;' Tjqka b,ä fõ msrsisÿ c,h mukls' th o" fkduers bkakgh' kuq;a Tjqkg md,lhskaf.ka ysñ jqfha j;=r fjkqjg fjä WKavh' tod fï ìysiqkq isÿùu ms<sn`o úmlaih mjd y`vla fkdk`.k úg r;=miaj, isÿùu ck;d ud;dldjla njg m;a lf<a isñ; udoh wdh;k lsysmhla muks' ckudoh úiska cku;h ;SrKh lsrsfï wka;¾cd;sl WodyrKhla jyfhka weursldj brdlhg úreoaoj f.k.sh igk oelaúh yelsh' ula ksidoh;a wrdì f,dalh ;=< ùrhka jq iodï yqfiaka iy Tidud ìka,dvka ngysr rgj, î'î'is" is'tk'atka jeks ckudoh bosrsfha ;%ia;jdoska ùu yd wrdì" w,acisrd jeks udoh bosrsfha weursldkq ysgmq ckdêm;s fcda¾ê nqia ;%ia;jdosfhl= f,i;a ngysr udoh bosrsfha fcda¾ê nqia ùrfhl= ùu ksid;a wo mjd wrdì ck;dj ;=< iodï yqfiaka ùrfhl= f,i ms<s.eksu;a ngysr ck;dj fcda¾ê nqia ùrfhl= f,i ms<.eksu;a oelsh yelsh' fufia fõ.j;a iudc mrskduh fya;=fldgf.k ìysjk ixls¾k iy wúksyañ; f,dalhg ck;dj ckudoh Tiafia ud¾f.damfoay,nd.eksug jeä jeäfhka fhduq ù we;s nj m¾fhailfhda fmkajd os we;' tfiau foaymd,k mlaihlg idcqj iïnkao ke;s" foaymd,khg wvq Wkkaÿjla olajk" ckudoh ;=<ska idlépd lrk ud;dld.ek ;ukaf.au u;hla fkdork mqoa.,hskag ckudoh u`.ska úyd, n,meula t,a, l< yels nj o" Tjqka fmkajd os we;' ckudoh yd foaymd,kh w;r mj;sk iïnkao;dj m%cd;ka;%jdoh hkq ck;dj úiska ck;dj Wfoid ck;djf.a iynd.s;ajfhka mj;ajdf.k hkq,nk md,k l%uhla kï tls md,khg ck;d woyia tl;= jkafka yd md,kh ck;d woyia wkqj f.khd yels jkafka ck;djf.a woyia m%ldyhg m;ajk yd ms<sônq jk ;rugh' fuysos úfyaifhkau ck;d woyia ms<sônq lsrsfïos ckudoh i;= ld¾hndrh w;s uy;ah' ck;djf.a ÿla.ekú,s md,lhskag bosrsm;a lr Tjqkaf.a wjodkh tajd flfrys fhduq lrùu yd tu ck;djf.a ÿla.ekú,sj,g ijka fkdfok ys;=jlaldrs md,lhskag tfrysj ck;dj fm<.eiaiùu;a kq;k ckudohfha m%uql ld¾hhla njg m;aj we; ^úfêfldaka" 2011( 31&' ;j o" md,lhska w;ska mqrjeis whs;sjdislïj,g yd ksoyig ndod meñfkk úg thg tfrysj ke`.s isàug mqrjeishka ks¾ns;j bosrsm;a fkdjk úg tls 57

4 mqrjeishkaf.a whs;sjdislï yd ksoyi fjkqfjka ckudoh ;=< mq`m,a l;sldj;la ks¾udkh fldg whs;sjdislï ysñlr osu o" y`ÿkd.; yelsh' YS%,xldj ;=< uq,sl ks;sh jq wdkavql%u jhjia:dj u`.ska zndikfha iy m%ldykfha ksoyiz uq,sl whs;sjdislula f,i ;yjqre lr we;s w;ru tysu úúo isudjka.ek o" i`oyka lr ;sfí' fndfyda wjia:dj,os foaymd,k n,h mj;ajd.eksu i`oyd mj;sk wdkavq yd md,lhska fndfyda úg fuu ks;sfha isud m%fhdackhg.ksñka ckudohhg tfrysj ls%hd lsrsug fm<fò' úfyaifhkau wmydih ms<sn`o wmrdo ks;sh m%fhdackhg.ksñka md,k ;ka;%fha IK jxpd wdosh fy<s lsrsu je<elaùug foaymd,{hska lghq;= l< o" i;h jq hula uyck hym; Wfoid m%isoao l< yelsh hk ffk;sl wjyh;dj u; ys`osñka tä;rj ish j.lsï bgq lsrsug we;eï udoh wdh;k lghq;= lsrsu m%yxiksh h' j¾;udkhg idfmalaij w;s;fhaos isÿjqfha ckudoh úiska foaymd,{hskaf.a wjyh;d ck;djg fhduq lsrsfï ld¾hh hs' tkï foaymd,{hska úiska tjkq,nk ixfoay ck;dj fj; megùuhs' tysos ck;dj thg olajk kshu m%;spdrh t<s oelaùula isÿ fkdùh' kuq;a wo jk úg fuls ;;a;ajh wnsnjd f.dia md,lhskaf.a m%;sm;a;s yd ;SrK j,g ck;djf.a m%;spdrh yev.eiaùu yd t<soelaùu ;=<ska ck;d whs;sjdislïj, uqr n,a,ka njg ckudoh m;aj we; ^chfialr" 1998" 190&' tuksid n,hg m;ajk ieu wdkavqjlau W;aidy lrkafka ckudoh u¾okh lsrsugh' kuq;a m%cd;ka;%jdos rdchhl isÿúh hq;af;a ckudoh u¾okh fkdj j¾okh nj bkaoshdfõ m%:u w.ue;s cjy¾,d,a fkare mjid we;af;a fufiah' udoh ksoyi jeros wdldrhg fhdod.eksfï wk;=reodhl nj ;sìhos;a ud jvd;a leu;s jkafka md,kh l< fyda msvkhg m;a l< fyda udohhlg fkdj uq`mukskau ksoyia udohhlgh ' n,hg taug fmr udoh ksoyi ke;ehs úúo ia:dkj, udoh ixo¾yk mj;ajk wm rfü ieu mlaihlau n,hg meñks miq f;dr;=re oek.eksfï ksoyi weysrsug mgka.kshs' kuq;a i;h oek.eksfï whs;sh fjkqfjka udohfõoska b;d w;f,diaila ks¾ns;j lrf.k hk jehu ksidu foaymd,{hskaf.a uer n,hg jvd udohfõoskaf.a mek b;d n,j;a ù we;' ta ksidu,xldfõ rcqka ;kkakka yd rcqka kikakka w;r wka;¾ iïnkaoh ckudoh nj md,lhskag jegyshk ld,h jeä we;l fkdjkq we;' ukaoh;a w;s;h úuisfïos fmkshkafka n,j;a rchla yd iajdëk udoh w;r.egqulos n,meï yd msvd l< yels hdka;%k /ila rch i;= ksid ksrka;rfhkau mdfya uq,a jg lsysmh ch.kafka rch kuq;a wka;sfïos iajdëk udoh ch,nk njhs' uydpd¾h ú,an¾y%dï udohfha j.lsu ms<sn`oj l;d lrñka iene udohhka N+ñld 3la r`. oelaúh hqk= nj m%ldy lrhs' ta wkqj foaymd,k iudch ;=< o" tls N=ñld r`. oelaùu ckudohfha m%uql ld¾hndrhls ^ùrfldaka" 2006( 133&' tu N+ñld ms<sn ú.%yd lsífï " tla wdldrhlska ckudoh.=rejrfhl= f,i lghq;= l< hq;= nj olajhs' ta wkqj" ckudoh ;ud jgd ksrka;rfhka u" f.da,hska /ila isáñka ;ud wkq.ukh lsrsug fm<fuk neúka.=rejrhd ieu úgu wdo¾yu;aj lghq;= lsrsug fm<fò' ta wkqj.=rejrhd fyj;a ckudoh hula mjikafka o" th thdldrfhkau f.da,fhda fyj;a mqrjeisfhda ms<s.ks;s' ta wkqj ieu úgu wi;h fjkqjg iïmq¾k i;h mukla mqrjeishkag bosrsm;a lrñka hym;a foaymd,k iudchla ìyslsrsug ckudohhg isÿfõ' tfiau" ckudoh wdrlailfhl= fyj;a uqrlrefjl= f,i ls%hd l< hq;= nj olajhs' tysos iudch ;=< mqrjeishkaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrlaid lsíu" uyck ksfhdacs;hka uyck;djf.a wns,di bgq lrñka ;u j.lsu bgq lrkafka o hkak mrslaidldrsj isàfï j.lsu ckudog fj; mejí we;' tfuka u" ckudoh idlépd ukavmhla f,i ls%hd l< hq;= nj olajhs' foaymd,ksl jyfhka rg hk udj; yd hd hq;= ud¾.h ksjerosj ilia ù we;af;a oz hkak iudch ;=<skau úuid ne,su fuysos ckudoh úiska isÿ lrkq,nhs' fufia ckudoh u`.ska flfrk ksrems;hka we;=`m wka;¾.;hg foaymd,k i;a;ajhska f,i.%dylfhda oeä wjodkh fhduq lr;s' tf;lska fkdkej;s tu wka;¾.;h ms<sn`oj ñ;=rka 58

5 yd ys;j;=ka iu`. ixjdofha fhfo;s' tfiau ;uka okakd y`ÿkk fiiq whg o" tu f;dr;=re imh;s' tuksid tu woyia mq`m,aj jhdma; fõ' fï wkqj fmks hkafka ckudoh ;=<ska foaymd,kh ms<sn`o wmf.a w¾: ksremkhkag oeä n,meula t,a, jk njhs' ta wkqj" fuu ;;a;ajh ksid udoh u`.ska ksrems; h:d¾:h úiska wmf.a foaymd,k woyiaj,g jl%j oeä n,meula t,a, fõ' tu ksid ckudoh i;= n,h fya;=fldgf.k tu`.ska iudchg t,a, lrk n,meu ;=<ska foaymd,k lafia;%h ;=< udohfha n,meu wksjd¾hfhkau cks; ù we;' foaymd,khg ckudohfha yd ckudohhg foaymd,kfha we;s n,meu YS%,xldj ;=< foaymd,kh yd ckudoh w;r iïnkaohg os.= b;sydihla ;sfí' fuksid ckudoh u`.ska md,lhskag t,a, lrk n,mefï m%jk;dj o" j¾okh fjñka mj;s' tys ckudoh iudcfha ish mqoa., jqjukd ;SrKh lrñka tajd bgq lsrsug md,lhska fm<uùu olajd j¾okh ù we;' tfiau ta i`oyd md,lhskaf.a m%;spdrh u; md,lhska ms<sn`o mqrjeishkaf.a udkisl;ajhg idcqju n,meï lsrsug ;rï ckudoh m%n, ù we;' foaymd,kfha ke;fyd;a rdch md,kfha ÿ¾j,;d ksid we;sjk ;;a;ajhka foaymd,k n, wêldrsh fkdie,ls,su;a ùu jeks lrekq ;=< tls ld¾hhka ckudoh wdh;k u`.ska bgq lsrsu oel.; yelsh' tjeks wjia:d ;=< lshkakg flfkla ke;s wikakg wfhla ke;s ck;djf.a wirklug laiksl m%;spdr oelaùfï yelshdj ckudoh i;=h hkak Tmamq lrñka ckudoh rgl md,lhska o" wnsnjd hk ;;a;ajhlg m;a fjñka ck;djf.a foaymd,k u;jdoj,g wduka;%kh lrhs' fuhg losu ksoiqkla f,i fmkajd osh yelafla 2016 jir ueo Nd.fha muk uq`m fld<u osia;s%lalhu hg lrñka.,d.sh uyd.xj;=r wdmodjhs' tu wdmod wjia:dfõos rfü md,k wêldrsh uqo,a m%;smdok" pl%f,al u; isr ù laiksl m%;spdr oelaùug fkdyelsj isák úg fï rfü udoh wdh;k úm;g m;a jqjkag iyk ie,isug bosrsm;a fkdjkakg md,k wêldrsfha fkdyelshdj f,djgu fy<sorõ jkq fkdwkqudkh' ta wkqj fuls ;;a;ajhka ;=< mqrjeishka md,k wêldrsh u; fjkqjg ckudoh u; úyajdih ;nd ;sîfï m%;sm,h f,i wo jk úg ckudoh wdh;k md,k wêldrshg oeä n,meï t,a, lsrsu oel.; yelsh' ;j o" uq,sl whs;sjdislï ms<sn`oj YS%,xldfõ wo mj;sk Wkkaÿj;a uqlh f,iu ckudoh ksidu we;s jq fohla nj meyeos,sh' we;.ïno ck;dj mjd ;ukag widodrk fmd,sia w;jrj,g n`ÿka ùug isÿjq wjia:dj, wêlrkfha msysg me;su jeks wjia:d ;=<ska lshd mdkafka ckudoh úiska iudch ;=< isÿ fldg we;s iy isÿ flfrñka mj;sk idoksh iudc n,meuhs' ue;sjrkj,os ckudohhkays n,meu ms<sn`oj weursld tlai;a ckmofha,eid^¾& f*,aâ we;=`m msrsi tod l< wohkhlos fmks.sfha ckudohhkag l< yels jqfha" Pkaoodhlhska woyia l< mrsosu Pkaoh mdúéñ lsrsug Tjqkaj fhduq lsrsu mukla njhs' mq¾j ksyañ; wjidkhla lrd hdug u`. fmkajk i,l=kqj, ld¾hh mukla ckudoh ;=<ska bgq jq nj tu wohhkfhaos wjodrkh flrekq w;r tksid Tjqkaf.a ks.ukh jqfha udohhkays n,meu isñ; tlla njhs' tfy;a miq.sh ld,h ;siafia lrk,o úúo wohkhkaf.ka fy<s ù we;af;a fjkiau Ñ;%hls' tkï ckudohhkag Pkaoodhlhska iq`m msrsilf.a ;SrK fjkia lsrsug fyda Pkaoh osfuka je,ls isàug fyda fm<uùug yelshdjla we;s njhs ^lrekdkdhl" 2004( &' fuysos ckudohhkaf.a meyeos,s ld¾hndrh kï Pkaoodhlhskaf.a mq¾j úyajdi yd ks.ukj,g wkql+, f,i ue;sjrkhlos ls%hd lsrsug Tjqkag ckudoh ;=<ska msájy,la,nd osuhs' tysos ckudoh u`.ska ue;sjrkhlg,ndfok wjodkfha m%udkh jeäjk úg Pkaoh fok ixlhdj o" jeäùug th fya;=jk nj weursld tlai;a ckmoh isÿl< wohhkj,ska fmkajd os we;' ta wkqj j¾;udkh jk úg keu ue;sjrkhlos udoh úiska flfrk bosrsm;alsrsï ch.%ykh i`oyd úyd, jyfhka n,mdhs' miq.sh ld,h ;=< YS%,xldfõ mej;s úúo ue;sjrkj,os lems fmkqkq,laikh kï ckudoh yryd úúo mksjqv ;=<ska úfyaifhkau 59

6 mqj;am;a".=jka úÿ,sh yd remjdysks oekaùï Tiafia ish b,lal.; Pkaoodhlhska weu;+ wfmalailhskag fiiq wfmalailhskag jvd idfmalaij jeä jdis w;a jq njhs' ta wkqj ckudoh oshqkq ù we;s wo ojfia úyd, uqo,la m%pdrkh fjkqfjka jeh l< fkdyels wfmalailfhl=g ck;d jrula,nd.eksu w;syhskau ÿialr lghq;a;la ù we;' tfiau mlai udre lrk foaymd,lhskaf.a tod fuod l;d" md,l mlaifha yd úmlaifha lhsjdrej yd flrejdj w;r mr;rh" fufia md,lhska ljqre;a /jàug ;e;a lrk wysxil Pkaoodhlhskaf.a isyks yd wfmalaid" wka;jdohg tfrysj flfrk iudc m%;súfrdaoh wdosh ksñ;s lr.ksñka f*aianqla" Üúg¾" hq áhqí wdos iudc udoh cd, yryd foaymd,k mlai úpdrhg yd wnsfhda.hg,la lrk jhla; yd ydihckl ks¾udk ck;djg fnod yersu ;=<skao cku;h yev.iajd foaymd,khg wnsfhda. t,a, lsrsug ckudohhg yels ù we;' flfia fj;;a ckudoh u`.ska iudch ;=< mj;sk wd¾:sl" foaymd,ksl" iudc.eg ms<sn`oj ksrka;rfhkau lrekq oelaùu ksid ck;d úyajdi yd wdl,amj, fjkila we;sùu ksid m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhska yd n,odrsyq wod< wjia:djkag úi`ÿï fiùu i`oyd fmrg jvd W;aiql ù we; ^ blogspot.com&' fufia ckudoh úiska md,lhskag t,a, lrk msvkh jeä ùu;a iu`.u md,lhska o" úúo l%ufõo Tiafia udoh u¾okh lrñka ckudohhkag n,meï lsrsug mgka f.k we;' f,kdâ wd¾' iiauka,shq zexit the censor" enter the regulatorz keue;s,smsh ;=< f,dalfha md,lhska yd Tjqkaf.a wkq.dñlhska úiska udoh i`oyd fhdod.kakd u¾ok úêl%u lsysmhla ms<sn`oj lrekq /ila wkdjrkh fldg we; ^rdcmlai" 1998" 141&' ieu rglu mdfya udoh u¾okfha os" tajd fhdod.kakd nj;a fmdÿ,laik we;s nj;a fmfkk w;r,xldfõ o" fï i`oyd WodyrK /ila fmkajd osh yelsh' ld,fhaos f,alayjqia wdh;khg.sks ;eîu" oji wdh;khg.sks ;eîu" ld,h ;=<os,laosj" ysre" rdjh" we;a; jeks mqj;am;a wdh;kj,g rdch n,odrska lvd jeosu" udohfõos fm%auls¾;s o' w,aúia >d;kh" udohfõos rspâ' o' fidhsid >d;kh" osjhsk mqj;amf;a PdhdrEm Ys,amS úu,a tia' iqf¾kaø >d;kh" we;a; ldgqka Ys,amS hqkqiag myros msysfhka weksu" osjhsk mqj;amf;a O¾ur;ak úfêiqkaorg myrosu" igk l¾;d frdayk l=udr kd`ÿkk ;=jlal=lrefjl=g ì,sùu" rsúr l¾;d Wmd,s f;kakfldaka yd o fkaika ksfhdach l¾;d ls;a fkdfh,a uer m%ydrhkag,laùu" ikafâ,sv¾ l¾;d,ika; úl%u;=x. >d;kh" udohfõos m%.s;a tlake,sf.dv w;=reoykaùu" iajdëk remjdysksfha yd cd;sl remjdysksfha udohfõoskag myrosu" ikafâ,sv¾" Wohka yd isri jeks ckudoh wdh;k.sks ;eîu" udohfõos f*%ã.uf.ag myrosu hkdosh bka lsysmhla muks' fufia md,lhska w;a;fkdau;slj lghq;= lrk úg Tjqkaj w;a;fkdau;sl Ndjfhka uqojdf.k uyck;djg j.lshk mqoa.,hska njg m;a lsrsu i`oyd woyia m%ldy lsrsu ms<sn`o whs;sfha ;j;a w;=re whs;shla f,i wdkavqj úfõpkh lsrsug we;s whs;sh Ndú; lsrsu ksid fuls ckudoh wdh;k iy ckudohfõoskag jkaos f.ùug isÿ úh' kuq;a m%cd;ka;%jdos rdchhl ckudoh iïnkaofhka md,lhskaf.a j.lsu úh hq;af;a ckudohhkaf.a úfõpk ueosy;anúka yd i;=áka ms<sf.k wjyh kï ;uka fj; t,a, jq úfõpk fj; m%;súfõpkhla t,a, lsrsu ñi ysxikh fyda Bg tfrys wdhqohla lr.eksu fkdfõ' ks.ukh iuia;hla f,i.;aúg rgla ;=< ckudohhkag úyd, j.lsï iuqodhla yd ;SrKd;aul ld¾hndrhla mejrs we;' ta ;=< b;du jeo.;a iy m%uql jkafka rg ;=< isÿjk isÿùï ksjerosj yd ksrjq,aj jd¾;d lsrsuhs' isÿjqfha l=ula o" isÿfjñka mj;skafka l=ula o" hkak ir,j rgjeishdg f;areï lr osuhs' tkï ckudohg l< yels f,dl=u fufyjr iefjdu lrk lshk foa Wmrsu f,i iudc.; lsrsuhs' flfia fj;;a ckudoh u`.ska foaymd,ksl jyfhka ck;djf.a nqoaêh mq`m,a lsrsu lrkfldgf.k wo jk úg ishqï f,i mjd uyck u;hg n,meï lsrsug ckudohhg yelshdj Wodù we;' fufia l=uk u¾okldrs ;;a;ajhka 60

7 hgf;a jqj o" ksoyi wrnhd ckudoh úiska f.k hkq,nk oeä wêiagdk mq¾jl wr.,h fya;=fldgf.k YS%,dxlSh foaymd,kh ;=< uyck u;h yev.eiaùfuys,d fuka u" th m%lg lsrsfuys,d o" jeo.;a ld¾hndrhla ckudoh w;ska bgqjk nj wújdod;aulh' wdys%;.%ka: lrekdkdhl" tka'" 1999' udoh m%;spdr" fld<u( iudch iy iduhsl flakaøh' lrekdkdhl" tka'" 2004' ck ikaksfõokh 2 " kqf.af.dv( iuka m%ldylfhda' kdkdhlaldr" tia'" 2012' ixj¾okd;aul ikaksfõokh" fld<u( weia f.dvf.a iy ifydaorfhda' fmf¾rd" fla' weia'" 1998' mqj;am;a l,d iólaid»»" fld<u( YS%,xld mqj;am;a ukav,h' rdcmlai" ví'" 2000' udoh ksoyi iy j.lsu" fld<u( r;ak fmd;a m%ldylfhda' úfêfldaka" is'" 2011' ckudoh yd iudc ú{dkh" fld<u( weia f.dvf.a iy ifydaorfhda' ùrfldaka" whs'" 2006' remjdysks m%jd;a;slrkh " fld<u( weia f.dvf.a iy ifydaorfhda' blogspot.com 61