TEMPERATURE CONVERTER

Transcription

1 Sensrs and Instruments INSTRUCTIONS MANUAL TEMPERATURE CONVERTER Micrprcessr KD-50TA/Ex

2 THERMOELEMENTS: Thermresistance: The resistance bulbs are temperature sensrs cmpsed by a resistr f wire, that it increases its resistance with the increase f temperature. Nrmally they use the wires f nickel (ptinally it can be used silver r platinum), the present gd stability during the time and adequate relatinship between temperature and resistance. The Pt-100s have 100W at 0ºC and at 100ºC; that it varies 0.385W/ ºC, and standardized accrding with IEC392. Linearizatin: As the curve f temperature x resistance is nt linear was included in the sftware f the KD-50 cnverter an algrithm, that becmes linear the generated signal by the bulb f resistance. being: Rt = t Rt = resistance fr temperature t t = temperature 2-Wire Cnnectin: The Pt-100 cnnectin at 2-wire is pssible with the KD-50, hwever must be bserved that fr this cnfiguratin in each 0.192W f resistance fr each wire gets an indicatin f 1ºC higher than the true measure, fact that ccurs easily in the practical when is used X meters f wire s 1.0mm 2 r Y meters with wire s 1.5mm Wire Cnnectin: The higher precisin related with the interlinking wire can be bserved with the 4-Wire cnfiguratin, where tw f them are used fr supplying the bulb and the ther tw fr measuring f resistance value SENSE KD-50TA/Ex RTD 3 Wire Pt-100 Curve Lienarized Curve 3-Wire Cnnectin: Fr applicatin with higher precisin, where use a third wire t apply the vltage used t measure the resistance f thermelement decreasing the errr due t the use f third wire fr reading. t SENSE KD-50TA/Ex RTD 4 Wires SENSE KD-50TA/Ex RTD 2 Wires Sense

3 Thermcuples: The thermcuples are based in the Secbeck effect, where an electrmtive pwer is generated when tw distinct metals are jined and ffer higher difference f ptential when there was higher temperature difference between the junctins. The value f generated vltage is functin nly f the metal type (A and B) and the difference f temperature between its ht and cld junctins, independently f the gradient f intermediated temperature between T1 and T2 pint. The measuring f temperature with thermcuples requests any techniques, accrding t Pelher, each ne f the junctins has established a FEM and must be cnsidered as a battery with vltage dependent f the temperature and f the metals in cntact. Temperature Cnverter Mdule Type f Thermcuples: There are types f thermcuples that use special metals that prvide gd thermdynamic cefficient, the mst linear as sn as pssible and resistance at crrsin. Type Psitive Negative Min. Temp. Max. Temp. Tlerance (ºC) ºC mv ºC mv Class 1 T Cpper Cnstantan t +125 ( 0.5) J Irn Cnstantan t +375 ( 1.5) Hmgeneus Circuit Law: Guarantee fr pure metals that the FEM develped independent f the metal sectin and f the temperature variatin f the cable. E Chrmel Cnstantan t +375 ( 1.5) K Chrmel Alumel t +375 ( 1.5) mv R Platinum Rhdium - 13% Platinum t 1000 ( 1) T1 Cld junctin f measure (ht) Cld junctin f reference (cld) T2 S Platinum Rhdium - 10% Platinum t 1000 ( 1) B Platinum Rhdium - 30% Platinum Rhdium - 30% Class t 800 ( ) Intermediate Metal Law: Printed circuit rail f the cpper can be intrduced in the circuit since that there is nt difference f temperature n these new junctins and d nt prvide the measuring deviatin. Wires f Cmpansatin: The ideal is t use the thermcuples that have the wires that cme t the cnverter, which nrmally is unviable. In the practical it uses wires f cmpensatin that have characteristics f mv similar f the thermcuple. mv Extentin: Call itself f wires f extensin when is used the same material f the thermcuple. mv mv E-E T1 Tamb E -E T1 Tamb. Tamb T0º 0º Intermediate Temperatures Law: With immediate applicatin allwing that the FEM value depends uniquely f the temperature f the measuring junctin, because is nt practical t keep the cld junctin n 0ºC, as example an ice shwer. Then, fr slving this prblem just need t measure the envirnmental temperature where is the cld junctin and intrduce the small vltage accrding t develped by thermcuple if it was measuring the envirnmental temperature. Sense 3

4 Instructins Manual 9 6 Dra. 3 Temperature Cnverter Mdule: KD-50TA/Ex Sensres e Instruments KD-50TA/Ex-P Temperature 12 Cnverter with Micrcntrller 3 INPUT TC Thermcuple E: -200 t 1000 C J: -210 t 1200 C K: -200 t 1372 C R: 5 0 t 1664 C S: 50 t 1664 C T: -200 t 400 C N : -200 t 1300 C C: -17 t 2320 C B: 250 t 1820 C mv: -80 t 80mV RTD PT100 PT100 (a = 0,00385): -200 t 850 C PT100 (a = 0,00392): -100 t 457 C Resistance: 0 t 790,5hms OUTPUT Range: 0-20mA r 4-20mA Cnditin: Nrmal r Reverse Safe Cnditin: Up / Dwn Scale ALARM Mde: High, Lw r Range Cnditin: NO r NC Tel.: Made in Brazil Functin: This equipment is used t cnverter the signal f the thermelement, been it thermcuple r thermresistance, t current analg signal, allwing that the thermelement can be installed in hazardus area becming it free f explsin risk. Cnnectins Diagram: 4 7 Fig. 1 Functining Descriptin: The KD-50 is a pwerful micrprcessr cnverter f temperature that receives the signal f the thermelements (thermcuple r thermresistance) and indicates the crrespndent temperature applying cmplex linearizatin plynmial f the signal t get the lwer pssible mistake. The instrument has an alarm utput (relay) cmpletely cnfigurable via cnfiguratin sftware, free supplied, that allw als the utput calibratin in current r vltage related t the temperature range. Field Element: The cnverter was prjected t perate with the fllwing thermcuple types: E, J, K, R, S, T, N, C and B and thermresistance types: PT-100( W/ C) and PT-100( W/ C) Sensres e Instruments Des. 2 KD-50TA/Ex-P Temperature 1 Cnverter with Micrcntrller 10 RTD 2 Wire 3 Wire 4 Wire TC CJC External Cld Junctin Cmpensatin Tel.: GN Pulse Cnfig. CJC CJC Enable GN Surce Pwer Supply Vdc ±10% Cnfiguratin Sftware (Free Dwnlad) 2-1+ RD Alarm mA r 4-20mA Cnfig. Plug P= 500VA/30W U= 250Vac/30Vdc I= 2Aac/1Adc Made in Brazil Fig. 4 4 Sense

5 Mdule Fixatin: The cnverter fixatin internally in the panel must be dne using the 35mm rail (DIN-46277), where can install an accessry munted internally n the metallic rail (Pwer Rail system) t pwer supply fr all units munted n the rail. 1 With assistance f a screw-driver, push the fixatin lck f the cnverter t ut, (fig.05. Temperature Cnverter Mdule Pwer Rail System: It cnsists f a system where the cnnectins f pwer supply and cmmunicatins are cnducted and distributed n the fixatin rail, thrugh the multiplar cnnectrs lcated n the inferir side f the mdule. This system aims at t reduce the number f external cnnectins between the instruments f the netwrk cnnected n the same rail. ON DIP Cnnectrs Cnnectrs Cnductrs Rail f Feeding 2 Turn dwn the cnverter until it fit self in t the rail, (fig. 06). 3 Pressure the fixatin lck until the end (fig.07) and certify that the cnverter is well fixed.. Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fixing Rail Dra. 9 Autsupplied Rail type Pwer Rail : The Pwer Rail TR-K-02 rail is a pwerful cnnectr that supply interlinking f the instruments cnnected t the traditinal 35mm rail. When units f the KD were munted n the rail, autmatically the pwer supply will be cnnected in the mdules. Crrectin Cnnectr TR-KD-PL Cver TR-KD-TE Rail TR-KD mm (25 SLOTS 20mm) - 24Vdc Pwer Supply Bus + Fig. 7 Care: In the cnverter installatin n the rail with the Pwer Rail system, the cnnectrs must nt be pressure aviding t break them, interrupting its functining. Munting n the Hrizntal: We recmmend that the mdules are munting the hrizntal psitin in rder t have better air circulatin and the panel be prvided f a ventilatin system aviding the verheating f the internal cmpnents. Rail TR-DIN-35 Dra. 10 Plug-In System: In this system the cnnectins f cables are dne thrugh triplar cnnectrs that ne side has cmpressin terminals and the ther are cnnected with the equipment. This system has as finality becme easy the installatin, the wiring arrangement besides f t cntribute with the maintenance and quick substitutin f the equipment. Dra. 11 Fig. 8 Sense 5

6 Electrical Installatin: This unit has 10 brns accrding t the tabel belw: Brns Descriptin Signaling Leds: The instrument has three leds n the frnt panel accrding t shw the figure belw: C 1 Input (+) f thermcuple and RTD 2 Input (-) f thermcuple and RTD 3 Internal cld junctin n cnnectr 4 Cmpensatin f RTD B A Fig Cmp. f RTD + Habilit. cld junct. 6 Habilitatin f cld junctin 7 Auxiliar cntact f Alarm 8 Auxiliar cntact f Alarm 9 Analg Output ( + ) 10 Analg Output ( - ) 11 Psitive Pwer Supply ( + ) 12 NegativePwer Supply ( - ) Fig Tab. 13 Signaling Leds Functin: The table belw shws the functin f the frnt panel leds: A B C Feeding (green) Cmmunicatin (green) Alarm (red) When light n means that the equipment is fed When blinking means that the equipment is cmmunicating with the calibratin sftware Means the state f the Alarm Relay: Light n: alarm relay energized Light ff: nrmal peratin Tab. 18 Preparatin f the Wires: Prepare the wires pints accrding t de draw belw: Take care when take ff the prtect cver t d nt make small cuts n the wires, it can cause shrt-circuit between the wires. Dra Prceeding: Take ff the prtect cver, put the terminals and press them, if desire tin the pints fr better fixatin. 5 Mdels: The cnverter is supplied nly in the versin with brnes plug in: Mdel KD-50TA/Ex-P Cnnectin plug-in Capacity f the Alarm Auxiliar Cntacts: Verify if the charge des nt exceed the maximum capacity f cntacts presented n the table belw: Capacity AC DC Vltage 250 V 30 V Current 2 A 1 A Tab. 19 Des. 15 Alicate ZA3 Pwer 500 VA 30 W Tab. 20 Terminals: T avid bad cntact and prblem f shrt-circuit we recmmend t use islated terminals (pinters) fixed n the wires. Cnnectin f the Feeding: The unit can be feeding with: Vltage Brns Cnsumptin 24 Vdc 11 and W Tab. 16 We recmmend t use n the electrical circuit that feeding the unit a prtectin per fuse. Nrmally the cnnectin f mtrs, bmbs, reactr lamps, must be interfaced with a magnetic key. 6 Sense

7 Installatin f the Calibratin Sftware: The cnfiguratin sftware f the KD-50 temperature cnverter is available fr dwnlad in ur website. In the versin f windws 2000 and XP must be used the serial USB cable. Access the web site: (fig. 21): Chse the menu: PRODUTOS Temperature Cnverter Mdule Fig. 24 Access the prduct with a click in its Part. Number (fig.25): Fig. 21 Nw chse the link: INSTRUMENTOS (fig.22): Fig. 25 Access the CONFIGURATION SOFTWARE (fig26), then will pen Dwnlad f file screen, press the Save buttn and will pen the Save as screen, then chse de directry f the cmputer. nde vcê deseja salvar arquiv e aperte btã Salvar. Fig. 22 Fllwing access by: BARREIRAS SEG. INTRÍNSECAS (fig.23): Fig. 23 In the field MODELO (fig.24) write the cde: KD-50 and press the OK buttn, Fig. 26 Sense 7

8 Sftware Prgramming: Installatin Instructins: The cnfiguratin sftware f the KD-50 is supplied free thrugh f dwnlad, but the cnnectin cable is nt supplied with the instrument and must be requested separately. Windws NT, 200 and XP - Use the cable CF-KD/DB-9-P25 PN and cnverter USB/Serial PN Windws 95, 98 and Me - Use the cable CF-KD/DB-9-P25 PN Disclse the sftware, click n SETUP.exe icn t start the installatin. Befre the installatin, pen the sftware and cnnect the adequate cnfiguratin cable n the cmputer and in the KD-50, energize the instrument with feeding f 24Vdc. Initial Screen: On the initial screen f the KD-50TA sftware can be viewed graphs f input and utput and all infrmatin f cnfiguratin. Initial Screen: Fig. 27 Input Graphic Output Graphic Alarm Infrmatin Input Infrmatin PID Output Infrmatin Status f Cmmunicatin infrmatin Input Graphic: Graphic exhibitin f the signal transmitted f the thermelement t the KD-50. Output Graphic: Graphic exhibitin f the utput signal generated by KD-50. Input Infrmatin: In this area is exhibit the value and the state f the cld junctin, the type f thermcuple r thermresistance and the input range. Output Infrmatin: It is exhibit the utput range, the utput cnditin if it is nrmal r reverse, it means crescent r decrescent and the safe value in case f alarm. Alarm Infrmatin: It is exhibit the utput range, the utput cnditin if it is nrmal r reverse, it means crescent r decrescent and the safe value in case f alarm. PID: It is exhibited the cnditin f PID cntrl enable r disenable, the values f set pint, similar actin, integral actin and derivative actin. Status Cmmunicatin: This area shws the cmmunicatin cnditins. Where is indicated cmmunicatin state (nline r ffline), quantity f transmitted bytes and quantity f mistakes happened. Infrmatin: It shws the individual infrmatin f this equipment, indicating the date f last cnfiguratin, TAG fr individual identifying and the part number f prduct. 8 Sense

9 Cnfiguratin f the Analg Input: On the cnfiguratin screen f the analg input will define the thermelement type, the input range, the type f thermresistance r thermcuple, selectin f cld junctin and the TAG. Cnfiguratin Screen f the Analg Input: Thermcuple PT-100 Fig. 28 Input Type TAG Range f Input Cld Junctin In the initial screen cme int menu CONFIGURE and select INPUT and then it will pen the screen abve (fig.28). Input Type: In this field the user selects the device type fr cnnecting in the input. This equipment is prjected t the RTD cnnectin (PT100) and thermcuple. Thermcuple: In this field the user select the type f thermcuple. It can chse per change the vltage (mv). PT100: Select the type f thermresistance accrding t the IEC 385 r 382 nrms, r still can apply variable resistance r ptentimeter. Cld Junctin: In this field the user enable r unable the cld junctin. TAG: In this field can insert with an individual identificatin fr this equipment. It is a field alphanumeric until 17 characters. Input Range: The user defines the wrk range in the input. The Start Scale field defines the start f wrk range. The End Scale defines the end f wrk range. Nte: The utput signal varies accrding t the range selected by the user. Input Range example: Let s t simulate a industrial prcess that use a thermpair K type with a wrk range f -100 t 500 ºC. In the field Input Type select the sensr element that in ur case is the Thermcuple, In the field Thermcuple select the type f thermcuple that in ur case it is the K type, Nw, in the Input Range frame cme in with the values f Start Scale that in ur case it is -100 and End Scale with 500, see the graphic belw: End Scale Start Scale Fig. 29 Dwnlad Buttn: Befre all cnfiguratins f analg input are dne, press the dwnlad key, that befre t be cncluded autmatically it will pen the alarm cnfiguratin screen. Sense 9

10 Alarm Cnfiguratin: Thrugh the KD-50TA calibratin sftware the user can cnfigurate the alarm accrding described belw. T cnfigurate the alarm, in the main menu cme int CONFIGURE and fllwing in the ptin ALARM, in the screen f alarm cnfiguratin the user can select many ptin t utput alarm.: In the Alarm Mde square (fig.29) we have 3 ptins fr selectin: Cnfiguratin Screen f the Output Alarm: Fig. 30 Alarm Mde Rewlay Cnditin Alarm Input Range f Temperature: The user selects an peratin windw where the instrument will cnsider as nrmal situatin, in case f these values are verpass, the alarm circuit will be activated. Range f Temperatura Example: We are ging t simulate an industrial prcess that use a range f 0 t 1000ºC, using an alarm windw f 50 t 950ºC and with the cnditin f energized relay when the alarm was activated. In the ALARM MODE field select the alarm mde, which in ur case is RANGE OF TEMPERATURE, Nw in the fields HIGH ALARM and LOW ALARM write the alarm values, which in ur case are frm 50 t 950ºC, see the graphic beside (fig. 30) Imprtant: The alarm can nt be <10% f ttal range being 5% t lw alarm and 5% t high alarm. On the RELAY CONDITION field select the alarm relay cnditin that in ur case is Relay NO, then the alarm relay will g energize when the alarm was activated. High Temperature: In the high temperature mde the user fix a value ver its maximum peratin range f the prcess t high alarm with a hysteresis. Nrmal Range Input max. 0ºC 50ºC Lw Alarm: 50ºC 10 Sense Min. High Alarm: 950ºC Alarm Area Activated Fig. 31 Windw f Nrmal Opertatin Output 950ºC 1000ºC Hysteresis Alarm: 10ºC

11 High Temperature Example: We are ging t simulate an industrial prcess that use a range f 0 t 100 ºC, being that the alarm will activated when the temperature f the prcess will be 95ºC and the relay cnditins will be de-energized when the alarm was activated. In the field Alarm Mde select the alarm mde that in ur case is High Temperature, Nw in the field High Alarm write the alarm value, which in ur case is 95ºC, Nw in the field Relay Cnditin select the cnditin f alarm relay that in ur case is Relay NC, and then the alarm relay will de-energized when the alarm was activated. See the screen belw with the cnfiguratin read dne: Fig. 33 Fig. 32 Imprtant: The high alarm can nt be >95ºC that represents the 5% f the ttal range. Lw Temperature: In the Lw Temperature Mde the user fixes a lw value f its minimum range f prcess peratin t lw alarm with a hysteresis f 1%. Lw Temperature Example: We are ging t simulate an industrial prcess that use a range f 0 t 100 ºC, being that the alarm will actuate when the temperature f the prcess will be a 5ºC and the relay cnditins de-energized when the alarm was actuated. In the field Alarm Mde select the alarm mde that in ur case is Lw Temperature, Nw in the field Lw Alarm write the alarm value, which in ur case is 5ºC, Nw in the field Relay Cnditin select the cnditin f alarm relay that in ur case is Relay NO, and then the alarm relay will energized when the alarm was activated. See the screen belw with the cnfiguratin read dne. IImprtant: the lw alarm can nt be < 5ºC that represents the 5% f the ttal range. On the next Alarm Input screen (fig.33), we have three fields where the user will define the alarm limits: Lw Alarm: The user define the value f the lw alarm. High Alarm: The user define the value f the high alarm. Hysteresis Value: The user defines a safe value inside f range fr activating f the alarm. This value can nt be <1% f the range. Nte: The units f these fields abve are selected by the user in Cnfigure, Input that was explained n the previus item. In the last screen, Relay Cnditin (fig. 29), we are ging t define the activating cnditin f the alarm cntact. Relay NO: The user defines that the cntact will be nrmally pen. Relay NC: The user defines that the cntact will be nrmally clsed. Disable: The user disables the alarm functin f the equipment. Dwnlad Buttn: Fr that all alarm cnfiguratins will be accepts press the dwnlad buttn. Sense 11

12 Cnfiguratin f Analg Output: On the cnfiguratin screen f the analg utput will define the wrk range in the utput, the utput cnditin can be nrmal r reverse and a safe value f the utput fr when the alarm will be activated. Cnfiguratin Screen f Analg Output: Output Range Output Cnditin Output Safe Fig. 34 On the initial screen cme int Cnfigure and then Output will pen the screen abve (fig.34). Output Range: In this field the user selects the uptut frm 0 t 20mA r 4 t 20mA. Output Cnditin: In this field the user defines if the utput will be nrmal r reverse (ex.: nrmal mde 4 t 20mA, reverse mde 20 t 4mA). Output Safe: In this field the user defines the level f utput safe. Always that the alarm activates, autmatically the utput level cmes int safe cnditin. This ptin is enabled by the user in the field Enable Output Safe. Cnfiguratin Example f Analg Output: In ur example we g t cnfigurate the analg utput t vary frm 4 t 20mA in nrmal cnditin and with a safe cnditin f 12mA. In the field Output Range select the ptin 4 t 20mA, Nw in the field Output Cnditin select the ptin Nrmal, Nw in the field Output Safe enable the ptin Enable Output Safe and wirte the value f safe cnditin that fr this example is 12mA. Befre dne all cnfiguratins abve press the Dwnlad buttn. 12 Sense

13 Cnfiguratin f the Cmmunicatin Gate: In this field the user defines which cmmunicatin gate f its cmputer will be used. On the initial screen cme int Cnfigure and after int Set Prt will pen the screen belw (fig.32). Fig. 35 Saving Cnfiguratin: In this ptin the user can save all cnfiguratins previusly dne int a file. Fig. 37 Cnfiguratin On Cnfiguratin screen (fig.35) The user will define its cmmunicatin gate and can chse ne f the fllwing gates: COM1, COM2, COM3 r COM4. Cnfiguratin f Frced Analg Output: On this screen the user frces a value fr the utput frm 0 t 20mA. On the initial screen in Cnfigure and after Set Output will pen the screen belw (fig.33). Fig. 36 On the initial screen cme int Cnfigure and after in Save File, will pen the screen abve (fig.37). The user will g t select the directry where the cnfiguratin will be save and the file name that the user will g t give t cnfiguratin, fr that it can be used in the future. Opening the Saved Cnfiguratin: In this ptin the user will can pen a cnfiguratin already saved, and then d nt lsing time t make all cnfiguratins. Fig. 38 Fixing the Output In the initial screen cme int Cnfigure and after int Open File, will pen the screen abve (fig.38). The user will select the directry where the cnfiguratin was saved previusly. On the Output Setting screen (fig.36) the user will define the value frm 0 t 20mA and then will press the Setting buttn t accept the value. Nte: This cnfiguratin is ttally unlinked f the input thermelement and used nly fr tests. Sense 13

14 CONTROL SYSTEM (PID): Cntrller: The cnverter has incrprated a blck with PID cntrller, which has the finality f t generate an utput f cntrl t keep the temperature n a set pint value. The utput value is calculated by fllwing frmula: O= Cntrller Output P= Prprtinal Actin I= Integral Actin D= Derivate Actin O= P(t)+I(t)+D(t) Prprtinal Cntrl: The prprtinal cntrl keeps a linear relatin between the value f cntrlled temperature and the psitin f the cntrl final element activated by utput 4-20mA f the cntrller. The cntrl final element mve itself fr a defined psitin fr each value f cntrlled temperature, being that the amplitude f crrectin is prprtinal with amplitude f the deviatin. The prprtinal actin alne des nt get t stabilize the cntrlled temperature, because if a perturbatin t ccur the cntrller will generate a permanent deviatin (ffset), that is prprtinal with the band f cntrller actin, that can be reduced but result scillatin in the system. P= Kp.e P= Prprtinal Actin f the Cntrller Kp= Cnstant f Prprtinality e= Temperature Deviatin related with the Set Pint ºC ºC Set Pint Derivative Cntrl: The derivative actin intrduce a prprtinal cnnectin t the derivate f the deviatin, r means: it can say als that the crrectin amplitude is prprtinal with the deviatin speed. The derivative actin nly executes any actin when the variable is scillating, appraching r separating itself frm the desired pint. D Td. de dt D= Derivative Actin Td= Derivative Time e= Temperature Deviatin related t the Set Pint ºC Set Pint Dra. 40 t Set Pint ffset Dra. 39 Dra. 41 t Integral Cntrl: It has as functin t generate a prprtinal crrectin t the integral f the deviatin that is equivalent t say that the cnnectin speed is prprtinal with the amplitude f the deviatin. Meanwhile exist deviatin; the cntrller utput will g t increase r decrease, nly using the variatin f the utput when the deviatin disappears. 1 I Ti edt I= Integral Actin f the Cntrller Ti= Integral Time e= Temperature Deviatin related t the Set Pint t Prprtinal Cntrl Integral Derivative (PID): Mix in this cntrller the advantages f each ne f the actins: a) The prprtinal actin, that causes the prprtinal cnnectin t the deviatin with a time f shrt stabilizatin. b) The integral actin, that eliminates the ffset. c) And the derivative actin, that reduces the stabilizatin time, reducing als the maximum deviatin. 14 Sense

15 PID Cnfiguratin: In this ptin the use defines if ges t enable r nt the Prprtinal Integral Derivative (PID) functin, when enabled the user will define the values f set pint, Prprtinal Gain, Integral Time and Derivative Time. Fig. 42 Ex Cmpatibility: Must be analyzed the Ex cnfrmity certified f the prducts t determinate the security f the instrument intercnnectin, see the fllwing chapter, Intrinsic Security fr mre details. Output Circuit: The utput circuit cnverts the variatin f vltage r resistance sent by thermelement t the current signal, besides f islate it galvanically. Incrrect Cnnectin Scheme: The Prgrammable Lgical Cntrller (PLC), that ges t receive the utput signal (4-20mA) frm cnverter must nt feed the lp. Dra. 43 RTD 2 Wire 3 Wire 4 Wire TC SENSE KD-50TA/Ex CJC Enable Grunding Mesh Analg Input Card Vdc Supply 24Vdc Grundign Bar On initial screen cme int Cnfigure and after int PID, will pen the screen abve (fig.42). Enable PID: In this field the user enable the PID functin. Set pint: In this field the user defines the desired value t the variable f the prcess. Prprtinal Gain: In this field the user defines the gain value t the prprtinal actin. Integral Time: In this field the user defines the time f the integral actin. Crrect Cnnectin Scheme: The cnverter is galvanically islated amng: input, feeding and utput. The wn cnverter generate the vltage 24Vdc t feed the utput stage that generates the signal f 0-20mA r 4-20mA. Therefre the cntrller (PLC) must nt have input fed but the cntrller input must be passive, it means, must read the current signal generated externally. RTD 2 Wire 3 Wire 4 Wire TC SENSE KD-50TA/Ex CJC Enable Vdc Grunding Mesh Dra Analg Imput Card Derivative Time: In this field the user defines the time f the derivative actin. After all values were defined press the Dwnlad buttn (fig.36) fr the cnfiguratin dne abve were accepted. Grunding Bar PLC Panel In case d nt be knwn if the PLC input r the cntrller feeds the lp, certify it cnnecting a vltmeter n the utput that can nt indicate any vltage. Sense 15

16 Prgramming Example: T test the crrect functining f the instrument let s t prgram the unit t utput in current f 4 t 20mA, n range f -200 t 1200 ºC using the thermcuple type J, in the alarm cnditin let s t use -130 ºC t lw alarm and 1130 ºC t high alarm and with the alarm activating the utput must keep in 16mA and the alarm relay energized. Functining Test: Cnnect the simuladr f thermcuple in the brnes 1(+) and 2(+). Nw feed the cnverter in the brnes 11(+) and 12(-) with 24Vdc, bserve that the green led light n. Cnnect the cmmunicatin cable in the cmmunicatin gate f its PC and the ther pint in the plug f instrument cnfiguratin. Cnnect a milliammeter in the brnes 9(+) and 10(-). Nw pen the KD-50 cnfiguratin sftware. T cnfigurate the cmmunicatin gate n main menu cme int Cnfigure and after int Set Prt, will pen the screen belw (fig 45): In the field Input Type the user will select the Thermcuple ptin; in this ptin the user is chsing the thermelement type that in ur case is the thermcuple. In the field Cld Junctin the user will select the Enable ptin; in this ptin the user enables the cld junctin and then cmpensating the value f the envirnmental temperature. In the field Thermcuple the user will chse the Type J ptin, in this ptin the user is defining the type f the thermcuple that in ur case is the Type J. In the field Input Range the user will define the Start Scale and the End Scale that in ur case will be frm -200 t 1200 ºC. In the field Tag the user will define identificatin fr this calibratin. After all cnfiguratin abve t be dne press the Dwnlad buttn. After the dwnlad f the input cnfiguratin t be dne, the alarm cnfiguratin screen will pen autmatically, if the alarm cnfiguratin screen des nt pen, in the main menu cme int Cnfigure and after Alarm, then will pen the screen belw (fig.47): Fig. 45 In the cnfiguratin screen f the cmmunicatin gate the user will define the gate that will use, fllwing press the OK buttn (fig.45), bserve that the green led (cm) will stay blinking. T cnfigurate the input in the main menu cme int Cnfigure and after Input, will pen the screen belw (fig.46): Fig. 46 In the alarm cnfiguratin screen, in the field Alarm Mde the user will chse the Range f Temperature ptin, in this ptin the user is given the pssibility f t select the values f high alarm and lw alarm. In the field Alarm Input the user will write 1130 in High Alarm and -130 in Lw Alarm, in these fields the user defined the values if high alarm and lw alarm. In the field Relay Cnditin the user will select the Relay NO ptin, in this ptin was selected the relay energized when the alarm will be activated. In the field Hysteresis Value the user will write 14, in this ptin the user is defining the hysteresis value that must be higher than 1% f the range. After all cnfiguratin abve have been dne press the Dwnlad buttn. 16 Sense Fig. 47

17 Nw let s t cnfigurate the analg utput, n the main menu cme int Cnfigure and after Output, will pen the screen belw (fig.48): Fig. 48 Fr saving all cnfiguratin abve dne in a file, n the main menu cme int Cnfigure and after Save File, will pen the screen abve (fig.50): Fig. 50 In the field Output Range the user will chse the 4 t 20mA ptin, in this ptin we are selecting the utput in current that in ur case is 4 t 20mA. In the field Output Cnditin will select the Nrmal ptin, in this cnfiguratin we are pting fr that the utput varies between 4 t 20mA and nt frm 20 a 4mA that wuld be the Reverse Mde.. In the field Output Safe let s t enable the Enable Output Safe functin and write the value 16mA, in this ptin we are prgramming fr that when the alarm will be activated the utput stays in 16mA. Nte: t cnfigurate the utput fr 0 t 5Vdc r 1 t 5Vdc put in parallel a resistr f 259hm in the brnes 9(+) and 10(-), fr 0 t 5Vdc cnfigure the utput in 0 t 20mA and fr 1 t 5Vdc cnfigure the utput in 4 t 20mA. T frce a value in the utput n the main menu cme int Cnfigure and after int Set Output, will pen the screen belw (fig.49): Fig. 49 In the screen abve the user will define the file name and the directry where will be save and press the Save buttn. Nw in the main screen the user will can t see all data s inserted in its cnfiguratin, accrding t the screen belw (fig.51): Fig. 51 In field Output Setting the user will write the requested value and press the Setting buttn, bserve that the utput will keep n the desire value until that the user press the Exit buttn. Sense 17

18 Grunding Mesh: One f the mre imprtant pints fr gd functining f the cnverter is the cables blindage that it has as basic functin t blck that the energy cables generate reduced electrical nises and cause interference n the signals. Nte: We recmmend that the grunding mesh f the cmmunicatin be cnducted separately f the pwer cables and d nt use the same cnduits. Fig. 52 Fr that the blindage can make its missin is very imprtant that be grunded nly in unique extremity. Instruments Blindage in the Panel: The cables blindage that arrive frm the field instrument t the panel must nt cnnect t the mdules. The panel must have a grunding bar with brnes enugh t receive all individual blindages f the field instrument cables. This bar must als have a grunding brne f the instrumentatin thrugh f a cable with adequate gauge. Intrinsic Security: Basic Cncepts: The Intrinsic Security is ne f the prtectin types fr installatin f electrical equipments in hazardus area funded in chemical and petrchemical industries. It is nt the best r the wrst that ther prtectin types, the intrinsic security is nly mre adequate t installatin due t its philsphy f cnceptin. Principles: The basic principle f intrinsic security supprts n the manipulatin and strage f lw energy, resulting that the installed circuit n the classified area never have enugh energy (manipulated, strage r cnverted in ht) t prvke the detnatin f the atmsphere in hazardus area. The basic principle f intrinsic security supprts n the manipulatin and strage f lw energy, resulting that the installed circuit n the classified area never have enugh energy (manipulated, strage r cnverted in ht) t prvke the detnatin f the atmsphere in hazardus area. In rder t increase the security, where the equipments are prjected preventing failures (as vltage cnnectins abve f the nminal values) withut put in risk the installatin, that refers f cmmn electrical installatin withut the necessity f t use special cables r metallic cnduits with its saddler units. Cnceptin: The physical executin f an installatin intrinsically safe needs f tw equipments: Equipment Intrinsically Safe: It is the field instrument (ex.: prximity sensr, transmitter f current, etc.) where mainly are cntrlled the strage element f electrical energy and thermical effect. Equipment Intrinsically Safe Assciated: It is installed ut f classified area and has as basic functin t limitate the electrical energy in the field circuit, fr example: digital and analg repeater, analg and digital drivers. Reliability: As the electrical installatin in explsive ptentially atmsphere prvke risks in human life and patrimny, all types f prtectin are subjected t be prjected, built and used accrding t determinatin f the technical nrms and legislatin f each cuntry. The prducts fr explsive ptentially atmsphere must be verified by independents labratries that result in the prduct certificatin. The rganism respnsible by certificatin in Brazil is the Inmetr, that delegates its missin t Prducts Certificatin Offices (OCP), and the Cepel/Labex Labratry that has structure t assay and t apprve equipments accrding t the requirements f technical nrms. Fig. 53

19 Marking: The marking identify the type f prtectin f the equipments: Certificatin Prtectin Class Br Infrm that the certificatin is Brazilian and fllw the technical nrms f the ABNT (IEC). Ex Indicate that the equipment has any type f prtectin t be installed in classified areas. i indicate that the type f prtectin f the equipment: e - the prve f expltin, e - increased security, p - pressurizated with inert gas,, q, m - immersed: il, skin and resinus i - intrinsic security, Categ. a The equipments f intrinsic security f this categry present high indices f security and restrict parameters, qualifying them t perate in zne f high risk as in the zne 0 (where the explsive atmsphere ccurs always r fr lng perids). Categ. b In this categry the equipment can perate nly in the zne 1 (where is prbable that ccurs the explsive atmsphere in nrmal cnditins f peratin) and in the zne 2 (where the explsive atmsphere ccurs per ther shrt perids in abnrmal cnditins f peratin), presenting parameterizatin less rigid, becme easy the equipment intercnnectin. T6 Indicate the maximum Indice Temp. C surface temperature develped by field T1 450 C equipment, accrding T2 300 C with the table beside, always must be lwer T3 200 C than the spntaneus ignitin temperature f T4 135 C the mixture fuel f the T5 100 C area. Tab. 55 Marking: Mdel KD-50TA/Ex - 24Vdc Marking [ Br Ex ib ] Grups IIC IIB IIA L C [ Br Ex Ia ] Prtectin I IC T6 Area Classificatin Um= U= I= P= Ignitin Temp. Cnfrmity Certified by Cepel UNIAP-EX- Dra. 54 Tab. 56 Temperature Cnverter Mdule Certificatin: The certificatin prcess is crdinated by Inmetr (Institute Natinal f Metrlgy and Industrial Standarizatin) that uses the ABNT (Brazilian Assciatin f Technical Nrms), fr elabrating f the technical nrms fr the many prtectin class. The certificatin prcess is cnducted by OCPs (Organism f Prduct Certificatin apprved by Inmetr), that use labratries apprved t assay f type in the prducts and emitter f the Cnfrmity Certified. Fr the intrinsic security the unique labratry authrized until the mment is the Labex inside f the Cepel in Ri de Janeir, where there are installatins and technician specialized t execute the different prceeding required by the nrms, until same t realize cntrlled explsin with representatives gases f each family. Cnfrmity Certified The figure belw shws cnfrmity certified emitted by OCP Cepel, after the tests and assays realized in the Cepel/Labex labratry: Fig. 57 Identity Cncept: The identity cncept is wh allw the cnnectin f equipments intrinsically safe with its respective assciated equipments. The vltage (r current r pwer) that the equipment intrinsically safe can receive and keep n self still intrinsically safe must be higher r equal the maximum vltage (r current r pwer) supplied by the assciated equipment. Additinally, the maximum capacitance (and inductance) f the equipment intrinsically safe, including the parameters f the cnnectin cables, must be higher r equal the maximum capacitance (and inductance) that can be cnnected with security t the assciated equipment. If these criteria s were applied, then the cnnectin can be implemented with ttal security, independently f the mdel and supplier f the equipments. Sense 19

20 Entity Parameters: Entity Applicatin Ui, Ii, Pi: L, C: Li, Ci: Lc, Cc: U Ui I Ii P Pi L Li + Lc C Ci + Cc T example the entity cncept, let s have the example f the figure belw, where we have an Exi sensr cnnected t the digital repeater with Exi inputi. The equipment parametric data s were gtten f the respective cnfrmity certified f the Inmetr / Cepel, and t the cable the supplier infrmed the capacitance and inductance per unit f length. Sensres e Instruments Maximum vltage, current and pwer supprted by field instrument. Maximum inductance and capacitance that is pssible t cnnect the barrier. Maximum inductance and capacitance internal f the field instrument. Inductance and capacitance values f the cable t the length used. KD-50TA/EX Cabling f the SI Equipments: The installatin nrm recmmends the separatin f the intrinsic security (SI) circuits f the thers (NSI) aviding that any accidental shrt-circuit f the cables des nt eliminate the barrier f the circuit, putting in risk the installatin Cnstructin Requirements: The dielectric rigidity must be higher than 500Uef. The cnduit must have islatin f thickness: 0.2mm. In case f blindage t exist, it must cver 60% f surface. Recmmend the utilizatin f the blue clr fr circuit identificatin t wires, cables, brnes, cnduits and bxes. Installatin Recmendatin: Separated Cnduits: The SI cables can be separated f the NSI cables, thrugh the separated cnduits, indicating t the internal wiring f the cabinets and cupbard f barriers. Fig. 59 SI Cable NSI Cable Blindage Cables: It can be used blindage Fig. 61 cables int the same cnduit. Therefre the SI cables must have grunding mesh duly grunded. SI Cable Fastening f Cables: The SI and NSI cables can be munted int the same cnduit since that separated with a distance higher than 50mm and duly fastened. Fig. 60 SI Cable Fig. 62 NSI Cable NSI Cable U < Ui I < Ii U = 28V < Ui = 47V I = 86mA < Ii = 110mA P < Pi P = 861mW < Pi= 0.6W C >Ci+Cc L >Li+Lc C = 130nF > Cc= 10 = 10nF Fig. 58 L = 5mH > Lc = = 5 H As all equatin were satisfied, we cncluded that is perfectly safe the intercnnectin f the instruments. Mechanical Separatin: SI Cable The mechanical separatin between SI and NSI cables is a simple and efficient way t the circuit separatin. When use metallic cnduits must grund it tgether with Fig. 63 the metallic structures. Multicables: Cable multivias with many SI circuits can nt be used in zne 0 withut failure SI Cable studies. Nte: can be used the multicable withut restrictin if the SI pairs have individual grunding mesh. NSI Cable NSI Cable SI Cable Fig Sense

21 Bxes and Panels: The separatin f the SI and NSI circuits als can be dne thrugh metallic plates f separatin r per a distance higher than 50mm, accrding t shw the figures.: Fig. 65 Mechanical Dimensins: Alarm Red Led Feeding Green Led Cmmunicatin Status Green Led Cnfiguratin Plug SI Cable NSI Cable Fig. 66 SI Cable NSI Cable Munting Cares: Besides f a apprpriated prject, additinal cares must be bserved n the intrinsic safe panels, as shwed the figure belw, that per d nt exist fastening n the cables, it can ccur shrt-circuit n the SI and NSI cables. Fig. 67 SI Cable NSI Cable 110 Dra. 68 Care! Fig. 69 We reserve the rights f t mdify any infrmatin described abve withut previus advise EA D- 02/2005 Sense 21 Rua Tuiuti, CEP: Sã Paul -Tel.: vendas@sense.cm.br -