EHQ TRS T06/ FASTI RTS WP7 D7 Final Report PROJECT TITLE EHQ TRS T06/11057 DOCUMENT RESPONSIBLE. SICTA, ENAV, Deep Blue and Skyguide

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1 EHQ TRS T6/117 FASTI RTS WP7 D7 Final Reprt PROJECT TITLE EHQ TRS T6/117 DOCUMENT TITLE DOCUMENT RESPONSIBLE AUTHOR(S) DELIVERABLE NUMBER FASTI RTS WP7 D7 Final Reprt SICTA SICTA, ENAV, Deep Blue and Skyguide N/A CLASSIFICATION DOCUMENT REFERENCE FASTI-RTS-WP7-D7_V2. DATE 3/4/28 ABSTRACT This dcument is the Final Reprt dcument f the FASTI-RTS T6/117.

2 Distributin List DEEP BLUE ENAV Name POC Distributed EUROCONTROL HQ SICTA SKYGUIDE Pala Lanzi (PL) Valentin Meduri (VME) Vincenz Melgivanni (VM) Pietr Rtund (PR) Lrenz Iri (LI) Christian Accard (CA) Christpher Brain (CB) Christpher Cstelle (CC) Bgdan Petricel (BP) Luigi Brucculeri (LB) Antni Malafrnte (AM) Ornella Trise (OT) Massim Idice (MI) Gabriella Duca (GD) Pascal Latrn (PLA) Cralie Lsey (CL) Didier Javet (DJ) SKYSOFT Didier Berling (DB) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Dcument Change Recrd.1 1 January 28 Creatin All.2 March 28 First Draft All.3 14 March March 28 Feedback received frm the cnsrtium Technical Review. Main changes are: - Changes f terms such as cntrllers, Planner, aircraft id, etc. - In Simulatin Cntexts remved HMI figures and relevant details and added new sectins fr simulatin cnstraints - Review f Results sectin - Split f chapter 6 in Cnclusins and Recmmendatins All All, but mainly Chapter 3, 4, 6 and Annex D 1/197

3 - Quantitative analysis annex review April 28 Prpsed Issue All 2. 3 April 28 Final Issue All 2/197

4 Executive Summary Simulatin cntext Tw Air Navigatin Service Prviders, ENAV and Skyguide, with neighburing ACCs, were invlved in the FASTI RTS Prject. Tw real time simulatins, respectively, ne in Rme at ENAV Experimental Centre and the ther ne in Geneva at Skyguide, were perfrmed t evaluate aspects f the FASTI peratinal cncept. Validatin Objectives The simulatins have been cnducted with the aim t cllect data relating t the fllwing validatin bjectives: Gal 1 - Evaluate the use f the FASTI cncept/ tls and crss brder peratins between adjacent ACCs within a FAB; Gal 2 - Determine the multi-sectr use f Medium Term Cnflict Detectin in the hrizntal and vertical planes and identify the required c-rdinatin prcesses t supprt this peratin within the same ACC; Gal 3 - Evaluate the cmmn use f the FASTI cncept/tls in the cntext f civil/military peratins within the same ACC sectr. Measurements The Eurpean-Operatinal Cncept Validatin Methdlgy (E-OCVM) was used in FASTI RTS prject as a reference validatin methdlgy. The Gals f bth simulatins have been evaluated frm the fllwing perspectives: Human Factrs, fcusing mainly n Human Machine Interactin, the Prcedures, Rles and Respnsibilities and the Teams and Cmmunicatin ; and Safety, fcusing mainly n the Situatinal Awareness. In rder t address the validatin bjectives, tw classes f measurements have been applied during the Real Time Simulatins; qualitative (Over the Shulder Observatins, Questinnaires and Debriefings) and quantitative (System data recrdings, Instantaneus Self Assessment). Results and Cnclusins In bth simulatins the cntrllers invlved appreciated very much the supprt prvided by FASTI tls. Electrnic crdinatin was preferred t verbal c-rdinatin and it was frequently used, hwever nly when the circumstances were nt time-critical. Electrnic crdinatin was used in supprt f the MTCD tl, in rder t crdinate with the adjacent sectr a slutin t the ptential prblem detected by MTCD. Bth Italian and Swiss cntrllers stated a preference t have the mst imprtant feedback n the label f the subject aircraft (e.g. incming SYstem Supprted COrdinatin messages). In bth simulatins MTCD tl supprted the cntrllers very effectively and in particular the Planners, wh were mre enabled fr the purpse f strategic planning f traffic. The cntrllers frequently stated that a Prbe functin wuld have supprted them in the verificatin f the feasibility f particular actins t reslve a ptential prblem, befre the applicatin f it (i.e. the prbe shuld use MTCD t identify risks and cnflicts n tentative aircraft trajectries). 3/197

5 Cntrllers suggested that they wuld have preferred display f the MTCD infrmatin n the aircraft labels rather than in additinal windws. They wuld have als preferred t perfrm the mst imprtant actins/tasks starting with the label fields. MTCD was perceived by cntrllers t imprve their situatinal awareness, in particular, in terms f anticipatin, thus empwering the Planning cntrller wh was mre supprtive t the Executive cntrller. The Multi Sectr Planner rle was nt strngly supprted by the acting cntrllers invlved in the RTSB, particularly in high traffic density cnditins. The cntrllers felt that this new rle ruptured the traditinal teamwrk, which they cnsider mre effective and safer in the current envirnment. The Multi Sectr Planners had difficulties in mnitring/listening t tw different frequencies and t ensure efficient decisins fr bth sectrs; n the ther hand Executive cntrllers felt that they were verladed at times and did nt have the required supprt frm the Multi Sectr Planner. The cntrllers suggested that the Multi Sectr Planner rle culd be cnsidered as a pssible slutin t be applied in sectrs with mainly hrizntal mvements and lw traffic lad. The Medium Term Area Prximity Warning was appreciated by the cntrllers (RTSA) as a tl which imprves the safety f ATC peratins. Electrnic activatin f the military areas and crridrs was much appreciated during the RTS by bth civil and military cntrllers. This is a simple functinality with bvius advantages in terms f safety fr the peratins and effectiveness f civil/military crdinatin. The use f SYSCO in crdinatin related t peratinal air traffic prved t be effective. MTCD was useful in OAT/GAT cnflicts detectin. It was perceived by the cntrllers t imprve civil cntrller situatinal awareness in terms f anticipatin. MTCD was nt usable with Security Air Traffic. The SAT traffic trajectries were nt available fr MTCD prcessing. Cntrllers were unable t use MTCD fr SAT/GAT traffic, separatin r strategy planning. The military cntrller had exclusive access t SAT traffic data and was respnsible fr ensuring separatin between SAT and GAT traffic. 4/197

6 Table Of Cntents 1. INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT DOCUMENT STRUCTURE ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS REFERENCES SIMULATION OBJECTIVES MEASUREMENTS ANALYSIS PROCESS SIMULATION CONDUCT FASTI PROGRAMME OPERATIONAL CONCEPT FASTI TOOLS REAL TIME SIMULATIONS OVERVIEW FASTI RTSA CONTEXT Operatinal Cntext Technical Cntext Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD) tl Mnitring Aids (MONA) System Supprted Crdinatin (SYSCO) Civil-Military Crdinatin Simulatin Cnstraints FASTI RTSB CONTEXT Operatinal Cntext Technical Cntext Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD) Mnitring Aids (MONA) System Supprted Crdinatin (SYSCO) Simulatin Cnstraints RESULTS GOAL RTSA G1.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f SYSCO messages G1.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MONA /197

7 G1.3 - Evaluate the cmbined effect f MTCD/MONA/SYSCO in crss brder peratin within a FAB RTSB G1.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f SYSCO messages G1.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MONA G1.3 - Evaluate the cmbined effect f MTCD/MONA/SYSCO in crss brder peratin within a FAB GOAL RTSA G2.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MTCD RTSB G2.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MTCD G2.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MTCD, in multi sectr envirnment (Multi Sectr Planner) GOAL RTSA G3.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f MTAPW G3.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f electrnic crdinatin and activatin f military areas and crridrs G3.3 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f electrnic crdinatin f Operatinal Air Traffic (OAT) G3.4 - Evaluate the peratinal impact n management f ptential cnflict between General Air traffic (GAT) and Operatinal Air Traffic (OAT) G3. - Evaluate the peratinal impact n management f Security Air traffic (SAT) SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS RTSA HMI imprvements Functinalities imprvements Wrking methds imprvements RTSB HMI imprvements Functinalities imprvements Wrking methds imprvements CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSIONS Gal Gal Gal RECOMMENDATIONS Training...6 6/197

8 6.2.2 Simulatin Envirnment Wrking Methds and Task Sharing Human Machine Interface ANNEX A: QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION POST SIMULATION QUESTIONNAIRE RTSA RTSB POST EXERCISE QUESTIONNAIRE RTSA RTSB OBSERVATIONAL TECHNIQUES DEBRIEFINGS RTSA RTSB ANNEX B: QUANTITATIVE DATA COLLECTION INSTANTANEOUS SELF ASSESSMENT RTSA RTSB COLLECTED SYSTEM DATA RTSA RTSB ANNEX C: QUALITATIVE RAW DATA SYNOPSIS RTSA Situatinal awareness Human Machine Interactin Input Devices Infrmatin Requirements HMI usability Prcedures, Rles and Respnsibilities Distributin f Tasks between Human peratrs Wrking Methd Trust Teams and Cmmunicatin Team interactin Cmmunicatin methds RTSB /197

9 9.2.1 Situatinal awareness Human Machine Interactin Input Devices Infrmatin Requirements HMI usability Prcedures, Rles and Respnsibilities Distributin f Tasks between Human peratrs Wrking Methd Trust Teams and Cmmunicatin Team interactin Cmmunicatin methds ANNEX D: QUANTITATIVE RAW DATA SYNOPSIS ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES Descriptive statistics Hypthesis Test RTSA ISA Cmparisn amng all rganizatins Cmparisn amng all rganizatins cnsidering traffic densities Cmparisn amng all rganizatins cnsidering nly Italian civil sectrs Cmparisn amng all rganizatins cnsidering nly Swiss sectrs The military cntrller The impact f FASTI tls n Italian Executive The impact f FASTI tls n Italian Planner The impact f FASTI tls n Swiss Executive The impact f FASTI tls n Swiss Planner SYSCO MTCD MONA STCA APW MTAPW RTSB ISA Cmparisn amng all rganizatins /197

10 Cmparisn between ORGY and ORGZ Cmparisn amng all rganizatins fr Swiss cntrllers Cmparisn between ORGY and ORGZ fr Swiss cntrllers Cmparisn amng all rganizatins fr Italian cntrllers Cmparisn between ORGY and ORGZ fr Italian cntrllers Cmparisn between the rle f MSP and PC SYSCO MTCD MONA STCA ANNEX E: TRACEABILITY MATRIX FROM GOALS TO INDICATORS ANNEX F: RTSA SIMULATION ACCOUNT DAILY SUMMARY MEASUREMENTS SUMMARY ANNEX G: RTSB SIMULATION ACCOUNT DAILY SUMMARY MEASUREMENTS SUMMARY Table f Figures Figure 1: RTSA - Simulated airspace...19 Figure 2: RTSB - Simulated airspace...26 Figure 3: RTSA - Example f Situatinal Awareness graphics fr SYSCO Figure 4: RTSA - Example f Usability graphics fr SYSCO HMI Figure : RTSA - Example f Wrking Methds and Task Sharing graphics Figure 6: RTSA - Example f Situatinal Awareness graphics fr MONA Figure 7: RTSA - Example f Usability graphics fr MONA Figure 8: RTSA - Example f Usability graphics fr MONA (Crdinatin reminder) Figure 9: RTSA - Example f Usability graphics fr MONA (Pst It reminder) Figure 1: RTSA - Example f Supprtiveness graphics f FASTI Tls OrgA n FASTI Tls; OrgB FASTI tls available... 4 Figure 11: RTSA - Example f Supprtiveness graphics f FASTI Tls Split fr Swiss and Italian cntrllers; OrgB FASTI tls available... 4 Figure 12: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgram all cntrllers all densities) Figure 13: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams All cntrllers traffic density 9%) /197

11 Figure 14: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Italian cntrllers all densities) Figure 1: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Swiss cntrllers all densities) Figure 16: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Italian Planners traffic density 9%) Figure 17: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Italian Planners traffic density 12%) Figure 18: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Italian Executives traffic density 9%) Figure 19: RTSA ISA Cmparisn between the different rganizatins (Histgrams Italian Executives traffic density 12%)... 4 Figure 2: RTSB - Example f Usability graphics fr SYSCO Figure 21: RTSB - Example f Situatinal Awareness graphics fr MONA Figure 22: RTSB - Example f Usability graphics fr MONA Figure 23: RTSB - Example f Supprtiveness graphic fr FASTI Tls Split fr Swiss and Italian cntrllers; OrgY FASTI tls available; traffic 1% Figure 24: RTSB - Example f Supprtiveness graphic fr FASTI Tls Split fr Swiss and Italian cntrllers; OrgY FASTI tls available; traffic 12% Figure 2: RTSA Example Situatinal Awareness graphics fr MTCD Anticipatin... Figure 26: RTSA Example f Supprtiveness graphics fr MTCD... 1 Figure 27: RTSB Example f Usefulness graphics fr MTCD... 2 Figure 28: RTSB Example f Usability graphics fr MTCD... 2 Figure 29: RTSB Example f Supprtiveness graphics fr MTCD... 3 Figure 3: RTSB Example f Usability graphics fr Multi Sectr Envirnment... 4 Figure 31: RTSB Example f cmparative Wrklad graphics fr MSP (all traffic densities)... Figure 32: RTSA - Activatin prcess f military area nrmal prcess... 7 Figure 33: RTSA - Electrnic activatin prcess f military area... 7 Figure 34: PSQ Questin frmat Figure 3: PEQ Questin frmat Figure 36: PEQ Questin frmat Figure 37: Validatin issues /197

12 1. Intrductin 1.1 Purpse f this dcument This dcument reprts the results f EUROCONTROL s First ATC Supprt Tls (FASTI) Implementatin Prgramme, Real Time Simulatins cnducted and managed by ENAV and Skyguide. Descriptins f the prcess emplyed fr the simulatins are prvided with the twfld purpse f explaining the cntext in which these results were prduced and ensuring cmpleteness f the reprt. 1.2 Dcument structure Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter Chapter 6 Annexes Intrductin, cntains the presentatin f the verall dcument. Simulatin Objectives, cntains the validatin bjectives, and the descriptin f the methds relating t cllectin and analysis. Simulatin Cnduct, cntains sme reference t the FASTI Prgramme and the details f the RTSA and RTSB simulatin cnduct. Results, cntains the details f the result analysis relating t the Gal 1, Gal 2 and Gal 3 fr bth RTSA and RTSB. Suggested Imprvements, cntains the suggested imprvements relating t interface, functinalities and wrking methds specific fr each experimented system, arisen frm bth simulatins. Cnclusins and Recmmendatins, cntains the FASTI RTSs verall cnclusins and recmmendatins. Annexes cntain additinal infrmatin such as the FASTI RTSs qualitative and quantitative data cllectin tls and data synpsis. 1.3 Acrnyms and abbreviatins ABI ACC ACT AIS AMT AR APP APW ATC ATM ATSU BFD Advance Bundary Infrmatin Area Cntrl Centre Activatin Message Advanced Infrmatin State Adherence Mnitring Tl Area f Respnsibility Apprach Unit Area Prximity Warning Air Traffic Cntrl Air Traffic Management Air Traffic Service Unit Basic Flight Data 11/197

13 CDN CFD CFL CFMU CM CNS CWP DST EC E-OCVM EONS EXE ESCAPE FAB FASTI FE FL FSD FW GAT HF HMI HST IPAS ISA KOM MAC MONA MSP MSP MTAPW MTCD OAT ORG PC PEQ RAP Crdinatin Change t Flight Data Cleared Flight Level Central Flw Management Unit Cnfiguratin Management Cmmunicatin Navigatin Surveillance Cntrller Wrking Psitin Dynamic Scanning Tl Executive Eurpean Operatinal Cncept Validatin Methdlgy Eurcntrl Open and Generic ATC Graphics Systems Executive Eurcntrl Simulatin Capability And Platfrm fr Experiment Functinal Airspace Blck First ATC Supprt Tls Implementatin Feeder East Flight Level Functinal Specificatin Dcument Feeder West General Air Traffic Human Factrs Human Machine Interface Hrizntal Scanning Tl Integrated data Preparatin and Analysis System Instantaneus Self Assessment Kick-Off Meeting Message fr Abrgatin f C-rdinatin Mnitring Aids Minimum Separatin Distance Multi Sectr Planner Medium Term Area Prximity Warning Medium Term Cnflict Detectin Operatinal Air Traffic Organisatin Planning Cntrller r Planner Pst Exercise Questinnaire Referred Activate Prpsal 12/197

14 REV ROC ROD ROF RTI RTS PSQ SAT SDM SICTA STCA SYSCO TMA TOP TIP UAC WP XFL REVisin Rate Of Climb Rate Of Descent Request On Frequency Request Tactical Instructin Message Real Time Simulatin Pst Simulatin Questinnaire Security Air Traffic Supplementary Data Message Sistemi Innvativi per il Cntrll del Traffic Aere Shrt Term Cnflict Alert System Supprted Crdinatin Terminal Maneuvring Area Trin crdinatin pint Tactical Instructin Prpsal Message Upper Airspace Centre Wrk Package Exit Flight Level 1.4 References [1] EHQ Task Requirements Sheet N. T6/117 [2] FASTI-RTS Technical Prpsal [3] FASTI Human Factr Issue Analysis Wrkshp Reprt [4] D1 Simulatin Objectives vers. 1. [] D2 Simulatin Design vers. 1. [6] D3 Technical Specificatins vers. 1. [7] Da RTSA Training Manual vers. 1. [8] Db RTSB Training Manual vers. 1. [9] FASTI Operatinal Cncept vers. 1. [1] FASTI Baseline Descriptin vers /197

15 2. Simulatin Objectives This sectin is a preface fr bth real time simulatins. Three fundamental Validatin Gals were identified. Gal G1 addresses the crss brder peratins between adjacent ACCs perating within a Functinal Airspace Blck (FAB) and is frmulated as fllws: Evaluate the use f the FASTI cncept/tls and crss brder peratins between adjacent ACCs within a FAB. The lw level bjectives f G1 were: G1.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f the fllwing SYSCO messages: Change f Frequency (COF) Request On Frequency (ROF) C-rdinatin Message (CDN) Supplementary Data Message (SDM) Request Tactical Instructins Message (RTI) Tactical Instructins Prpsal Message (TIP). G1.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MONA: Altitude deviatin (AFL dev / CFL bust / XFL bust) Pst-It Reminder Crdinatin reminder (XFL) Lateral Deviatin Warning Start Maneuvre reminder (Transfer Reminder, CFL XFL). G1.3 - Evaluate the cmbined effect f MTCD/MONA/SYSCO in crss brder peratin within a FAB. (the principle is t use MTCD/MONA and SYSCO tls in a crss brder peratin) Seamless peratin between tw centres. Gal G2 cncerns the multi-sectr use f MTCD, frmulated as fllws: Determine the multisectr use f MTCD in the hrizntal and vertical planes and identify the required c-rdinatin prcesses t supprt this peratin within the same ACC. The fllwing were the lw level bjectives f G2: G2.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MTCD, namely: Multi-sectr use f MTCD (back-frward use) Intra-sectr use f MTCD (FASTI peratinal cncept). G2.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f the intrductin f MTCD, in multi sectr envirnment (Multi Sectr Planner). Use f the MTCD tls fr a Planner ensuring planning activity fr tw Executives Task sharing between ne Planner and tw Executives. 14/197

16 Gal G3 cncerns the impact f FASTI tls n the civil-military peratins and were frmulated as fllws: Evaluate the cmmn use f the FASTI cncept/tls in the cntext f civil/military peratins within the same ACC sectr. The fllwing were the lw level bjectives f G3: G3.1 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f MTAPW G3.2 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f electrnic crdinatin and activatin f military areas and crridrs G3.3 - Evaluate the peratinal impact f electrnic crdinatin f Operatinal Air Traffic (OAT) G3.4 - Evaluate the peratinal impact n management f ptential cnflict between General Air traffic (GAT) and Operatinal Air Traffic (OAT) G 3. - Evaluate the peratinal impact n management f Security Air traffic (SAT). 2.1 Measurements In rder t validate the simulatin bjectives qualitative and quantitative measurements were applied during the RTSs. Qualitative data were cllected and analysed by means f the Human Factrs Data Cllectin methds utlined in Annex A: Qualitative data cllectin and Annex C: Qualitative Raw Data Synpsis. Qualitative data were cllected and analysed by means f methds utlined in Annex B: Quantitative data cllectin and Annex D: Quantitative Raw Data Synpsis. Quantitative and qualitative measurements, referring t subjective r bjective indicatins, have been cllected by means f data cllectin techniques (refer t Table 1). Data Cllectin Methds Over the shulder Observatins Qualitative Quantitative Objective Subjective Questinnaires Unstructured Interviews Debriefings Instantaneus Self Assessment Air/grund system lg files CWP/HMI lgs Telecm lgs Table 1: Data Cllectin Techniques 1/197

17 2.2 Analysis Prcess Objective and subjective data cllected during the simulatins are the main surce f infrmatin, which gives the initial start t the cmplete results analysis. The cntrllers invlved in bth simulatins had hetergeneus skills. Swiss and Italian cntrllers perated the measured sectrs and the data cllected have been treated in a different manner during the analysis (different weight) in rder t avid mixing this difference. This was justified due t the rles f Italian cntrllers wh wrked during RTSB using the Swiss tls and interface while cntrlling traffic in their wn sectrs and similarly the Swiss cntrllers wrked using the Italian tls and interface while cntrlling traffic in their sectrs (e.g. the data cllected fr the Italian cntrllers in the RTSA was nt analysed in the same way as the data cllected in the same simulatin fr the Swiss Cntrllers, due t the different familiarities with the tls, HMI, etc). In rder t minimise the impact f these cnstraints, the cntrllers nly wrked n the sectrs f their wn cuntry (e.g. Italian cntrllers n Italian Sectrs). The measures have been emplyed t assess the RTSs evaluatin criteria (validatin bjectives). In respect t these criteria, the analysis prvided a respnse related t the statistical significance f the bserved differences between the baseline and the ther rganisatins as well as between rganisatins themselves. Data flw is rganized in different levels: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Raw data (bjective and subjective); utcmes are nt available in this reprt, but their descriptin is given in Annex A: Qualitative data cllectin and Annex B: Quantitative data cllectin. Raw data synpsis; it underlines the significant aspects cncerning bth bjective and subjective cllected data. They are reprted in Annex C: Qualitative Raw Data Synpsis and Annex D: Quantitative Raw Data Synpsis. Infrmatin integratin (integratin f statistic analysis with the qualitative analysis) with cmments prvided by peratinal and simulatin experts. Final cnclusin fr each specific simulatin bjective. 16/197

18 3. Simulatin Cnduct This sectin prvides reference t the FASTI Prgramme and its rle in EATM, the reasns fr the simulatins and where they relate t the Prgramme phases there is als a descriptin f the FASTI Tls MTCD, MONA and SYSCO. These simulatins are part f the Validatin phase f the FASTI Prgramme, 3.1 FASTI Prgramme The EUROCONTROL First ATC Supprt Tls Implementatin (FASTI) Prgramme aims at highlighting the need fr the c-rdinated implementatin and rapid deplyment f an initial set f cntrller supprt tls. The prgramme will address shrt and medium term requirements but will als enable the intrductin f further autmatin in ATC in the lnger term. FASTI enables a mve twards the EUROCONTROL bjectives f ensuring a high quality, safe and cst effective service while matching capacity t airspace user demand. 3.2 Operatinal Cncept Traditinal ATC wrking methds, practices and prcedures may need t be adapted t becme cmpatible with this new system supprt resulting in requirements fr cherent deplyment with a change management prcess t ensure smth and safe transitin t the next generatin f ATC systems. FASTI Operatinal Cncept, including the scpe f FASTI applicatin, assumptins, dependencies and peratinal envirnments as well as descriptins f the cntrller rles and wrking methds, required fr the successful peratinal implementatin f cnflict predictin tls (e.g. MTCD) and enablers (e.g. MONA, TP, HMI and SYSCO), is described in The scpe f FASTI Prgramme encmpasses the implementatin f Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD) tls and enablers such as Mnitring Aids (MONA) and System Supprted Crdinatin (SYSCO). Trajectry Predictin (TP) and Human Machine Interface (HMI) revealed t be critical t the perfrmance and use f FASTI tls. In general, FASTI peratinal cncept scpe cvers the implementatin f FASTI capability at Air Traffic Service Units (ATSUs) cmprising upper, lwer en-rute and extended TMA peratins. This includes ATC sectrs where the peratinal envirnment may range frm lw t high traffic density and cmplexity. 3.3 FASTI Tls The FASTI tls are as fllws: Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD), which assists the cntrller in cnflict identificatin and planning tasks by prviding autmated early detectin f ptential cnflicts and facilitating identificatin f flexible ruting/cnflict free trajectries; furthermre it identifies aircraft cnstraining the reslutin f a cnflict r ccupying a flight level requested by anther aircraft. Mnitring Aids (MONA), which helps cntrllers by reducing the wrklad assciated with traffic mnitring tasks by prviding warnings if aircraft deviate frm a clearance r plan and 17/197

19 reminders f instructins t be issued and by prviding cnfrmance mnitring triggering trajectry re-calculatin essential fr the MTCD. System Supprted C-rdinatin (SYSCO), which permits cntrllers t cnduct screen t screen c-rdinatin between internal sectrs and adjacent ATSUs /sectrs thus reducing the wrklad assciated with c-rdinatin task; it enables cntrllers t cnduct c-rdinatin dialgue and transfer flights between ATSUs and facilitates early reslutin f cnflicts thrugh inter ATSU/sectr c-rdinatin. 3.4 Real Time Simulatins Overview In accrdance with the requirements f the EUROCONTROL TRS 12/1/26/117, tw Air Navigatin Service Prviders having neighburing ACCs were invlved in the Prject and the required simulatins were perfrmed with clse cperatin between the tw ANSPs that shared peratinal expertise, technical infrastructure and teams. Cnsidering the large scpe f the Prject, the availability f tw different simulatin infrastructures (Rme at the ENAV Experimental Centre and Geneva at Skyguide) prvided the pprtunity t set up tw different simulatin sessins with scpe that gave the pssibility t explre in detail the different cncepts and tls envisaged in FASTI. Furthermre this slutin prvided the pprtunity t test the cncepts and tls using familiar envirnments (especially the HMI) fr the participating cntrllers facilitating mre effective results. In this cntext the fllwing tw independent and cmplementary simulatins were cnducted: FASTI RTSA (ENAV simulatin) The purpse f the ENAV simulatin was t evaluate Crss brder peratins between enrute ACCs within a FAB with the use f FASTI tls and assciated HMI and wrking practices. The simulatin cnsidered a multinatinal airspace cmpsed f Italian and Swiss en-rute ACCs sectrs and invlved cntrllers frm bth cuntries. MTCD, MONA and SYSCO were within the scpe f the simulatin. In additin, the impact f the use f the FASTI tls in the cntext f the civil military peratins in the same sectr was evaluated. The simulated CWP envirnment reflected the system currently in use fr the baseline functinality. Imprvements t the HMI linked t the intrductin f the FASTI tls were designed, implemented and evaluated. FASTI RTSB (Skyguide simulatin) The purpse f the simulatin in Skyguide was t demnstrate and evaluate the use f Cnflict Detectin tls and cncepts in a stripless envirnment, in the Swiss ACC and ntably in crss brder peratins between sectrs lcated in Switzerland and Italy in the cntext f a FAB. Cntrllers frm bth cuntries were invlved in the design f the simulatin in particular t ensure that "real life" scenaris were simulated. The Cntrller Wrking Psitins envirnment reflected the systems currently in peratin. MONA (especially vertical cnfrmance mnitring functin) and SYSCO (inter-centre) were included in the scpe f the simulatins. In additin, the FASTI Skyguide Simulatin included the assessment f the Multi Sectr Planner peratins with hrizntal sectrisatin. 18/197

20 3. FASTI RTSA Cntext The FASTI RTSA simulatin lead by ENAV was hsted in Rme at the ENAV Experimental Centre and tk place between Nvember 26th and December 7th 27. A training perid f ne week, between 19th and 23rd Nvember 27, preceded the executin f the simulatin Operatinal Cntext The simulatin dealt with the integratin f FASTI tls in a realistic wrking envirnment based n the Rme ACC upper airspace (MI sectr) and Geneva ACC upper airspace (K and L gruped sectr). Figure 1: RTSA - Simulated airspace The simulated airspace was selected t represent the current peratinal envirnment as clsely as pssible and it included sme minr changes as required by the simulatin. The fllwing table prvides further infrmatin abut simulated sectrs. 19/197

21 Sectrs Sectr type Lwer lever Upper level Cntrller psitins MU measured civil 34 FL UNL Executive Milan upper ML measured Civil 29 FL 34 FL Planner Executive Milan lwer GU measured Civil 34 FL UNL Planner Executive Geneva upper GL measured civil 29 FL 34 FL Planner Executive Geneva lwer Planner MIL measured military GND UNL Military FS hybrid GND 29 FL autmatic feeder suth FE hybrid GND UNL autmatic feeder east FW feeder west hybrid GND UNL autmatic Table 2: RTSA - Simulated sectrs The Italian simulated airspace cntained sme military areas and crridrs, which were activated as required fr military needs. The fllwing table prvides further infrmatin abut military areas and crridr. Military area/crridr Lwer lever Upper level I2 31 FL 31 FL 33 FL MILIT 3 FL 37 FL 39 FL 41 FL R18B 29 FL 6 FL R4 TSA72 TSA73B 29 FL 3 FL 37 FL 4 FL 29 FL UNL 38 FL 4 FL 4 FL UNL 38 FL UNL 37 FL 39 FL 39 FL 41 FL 37 FL UNL Table 3: RTSA - Simulated military areas and crridr Five Italian and fur Swiss cntrllers participated in the simulatin, which rtated respectively n the tw Italian sectrs and the tw Swiss sectrs. One Italian military cntrller participated and had the rle f military cntrller n the Italian military sectr. This cntrller wrked in single man peratins due t rganisatinal and technical cnstraints f the RTS and wuld nrmally wrk in 2/197

22 Planner /Executive cnfiguratin. An Italian cntrller participated as a subject matter expert and fcused slely n bservatin f the Italian cntrllers. In rder t satisfy the scpe f the simulatin three rganisatins were tested: ORGA Baseline The Baseline prpsed the simulatin f the FAB cncept and did nt include MTCD and MONA. Crdinatin was the same as that currently available in Rme ACC. ORGB FASTI tls (crss-brder) The FASTI Tl rganisatin was based n the ORGA with the additin f MTCD, MONA and SYSCO messages enhancing the current available level f crdinatin. Civil military crdinatin, during Organizatin B, was exclusively based n telephnic cmmunicatins. ORGC FASTI tls + civil/military crdinatin The civil-military crdinatin rganisatin was characterised by the ORGB with the additin f the civil military cntext (e.g. pen/clsure f military area crdinatin and OAT/GAT cnflict reslutin crdinatin). During Organisatin C Civil/military crdinatin was based n bth telephnic and electrnic cmmunicatins Technical Cntext ENAV Simulatin envirnment was based n the ESCAPE (Eurcntrl Simulatin Capability And Platfrm fr Experiment) platfrm with an HMI representing that currently deplyed, thus supprting a representatin f experimental scenaris with a high level f fidelity. ESCAPE platfrm is cmpsed f tw sets f features: Data preparatin features (ff-line simulatin facilities) enabling the design f the platfrm and simulatin/scenari/exercise; Simulatin engines (n-line simulatin facilities), the mechanism used t mve simulatin bjects in the scenari accrding t predefined rules/mdels. ENAV platfrm is cmpsed f: 13 Cntrller Wrking Psitins, 12 f which equipped with 2k2k displays; servers hsting the grund and the air part f the simulatr and fr data management; 1 pseud pilt psitins; Audi LAN system (vice ver IP technlgy); An exercise supervisr; A pilt supervisr; An X-terminal fr the ERGO HMI; An Audi LAN supervisr. The custmisatin f the ESCAPE platfrm extended the Italian peratinal HMI with FASTI Tls graphical elements. The fllwing sectins describe the HMI slutins implemented in RTSA, t clarify the feedback recrded during the experiment. The aim f this chapter is nt t describe the whle set f functinalities f the ENAV platfrm, but it is t describe the main characteristics f SYSCO, MTCD and MONA functinalities f the Italian system as implemented fr FASTI simulatin. 21/197

23 Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD) tl MTCD is cmpsed f a set f graphical planning tls, prviding graphical representatin f present and future traffic situatins. These tls, presented as hrizntal in the radar picture and vertical based n the current flight plan data updated by cntrllers and/r the system, are: Ptential Prblem Display (PPD), Vertical Aid Windw (VAW), Aircraft Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg and the Prblem Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg. Ptential Prblem Display (PPD) The PPD is displayed in the radar screen f bth the Planner and Executive cntrllers and presents ptential prblems detected by MTCD. The ptential prblems were detected nly at the level f interactins between the trajectries calculated between the CFL/AFL. In additin, ptential prblems were displayed n the Executive cntrller s radar screen with cluring invlved tracks psitin symbl. Vertical Aid Windw VAW presented the vertical prfile f the flights passing thrugh the sectr, all MTCD cnflicts and risks were displayed and accessible thrugh this windw. Aircraft Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg The Aircraft Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg prvided a graphical display f the aircraft trajectries in cnflict r risk f cnflict with the selected aircraft. The cnflicting aircraft trajectry highlighted the trajectry prtin frm the start f lss f separatin t the end f cnflict. Prblem Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg The Prblem Oriented Dynamic Flight Leg prvided a graphical display f the trajectries f the aircraft invlved in the cnflict r in the risk f cnflict, frm their current psitin t the pint f clsest apprach Mnitring Aids (MONA) MONitring Aids integrated in the HMI as warnings and reminders were the fllwing: Lateral Deviatin Warnings Altitude Deviatin Warnings CFL Deviatin Warnings CFL Bust Warnings Pst It Reminders Crdinatin Reminders Start Maneuvre Reminders XFL Reminders Transfer Reminders. Lateral Deviatin Warnings Lateral Deviatin Warning alerts the cntrller if the aircraft is deviating laterally frm the planned rute (i.e. System trajectry). Altitude Deviatin Warnings Altitude Deviatin Warning prvides an alert fr the cntrller if the aircraft deviates frm the Cleared Flight Level (CFL Deviatin Warning) r t warn the cntrller if the aircraft penetrates the Cleared Flight Level (CFL Bust Warning). 22/197

24 Pst It Reminders Pst It Reminders were used t deliver infrmatin lcally r t anther sectr. Crdinatin Reminders Crdinatin Reminder reminds the cntrller if there was a missing crdinatin fr a flight. Start Maneuvre Reminders Start Maneuvre Reminder reminds the cntrller if the Exit Flight Level is different frm the Cleared Flight Level (XFL Reminder) r t remind the cntrller if a flight was t be transferred (Transfer Reminder) System Supprted Crdinatin (SYSCO) The SYSCO features related t the fllwing messages were implemented in RTSA: Request On Frequency (ROF); Change Of Frequency (COF); Crdinatin Message (CDN); Request Tactical Instructins Message (RTI); Tactical Instructins Prpsal Message (TIP); Supplementary Data Message (SDM). Request On Frequency (ROF) Request On Frequency (ROF) message is sent, frm the Accepting Unit t the Transferring Unit, t request the early change f frequency fr a flight. Change Of Frequency (COF) Change Of Frequency (COF) is sent, frm the Transferring Unit t the Accepting Unit, t change the frequency fr a flight. Crdinatin Message (CDN) Crdinatin Message (CDN) is sent, frm the Accepting Unit t the Transferring Unit, t crdinate the Entry Flight Level fr a flight. The CDN is a crdinatin message in the tactical phase that allws the cntrller t agree n a trajectry fr a specific aircraft. Request Tactical Instructins Message (RTI) The Request Tactical Instructins (RTI) message is sent by the accepting unit t the transferring unit t request the transfer f a flight n an assigned heading, speed, rate f climb r descent r n a direct ruting. Tactical Instructins Prpsal Message (TIP) The Tactical Instructins Prpsal (TIP) message is sent by the transferring unit t the accepting unit t c-rdinate the transfer f a flight n an assigned heading, speed, rate f climb r descent r n a direct ruting. The cntent f the TIP message will supplement the c-rdinatin data cntained in the ACT and REV messages. These messages in the simulatin had a different meaning. While the system was wrking with just a single trajectry fr each aircraft (linked t the CFL) the crdinatin in upper/lwer sectrs was nt autmatic TIP and RTI were used t facilitate this crdinatin in rder t make the aircraft available fr the specific sectr. Supplementary Data Message (SDM) 23/197

25 The primary purpse f the Supplementary Data Message (SDM) is t transmit cntrl data and changes theret frm the transferring unit t the accepting unit. The SDM message may als be used by the accepting unit t ntify the transferring unit f the radi telephny frequency t which the flight is t be transferred Civil-Military Crdinatin Military MTCD The PPD displayed the prblem cncerning at least ne OAT r SAT. The Prblem Number Presentatin had a rhmbidal shape until the prblem was under the respnsibility f the military cntrller in the military psitin and n bth tactical and planning psitins f the unit respnsible fr the GAT. The military cntrller culd transfer the respnsibility f a cnflict t the civil cntrller wh was respnsible fr the GAT invlved in the cnflict. After a transfer f respnsibility the shape and the behaviur f the Prblem Number Presentatin was as specified fr the MTCD HMI. MTAPW prvided a synthetic graphical view f the prblems affecting the airspace cntrlled by the ATC Unit, detected by MTAPW within a defined Segregated Area. This view prvided the cntrller with infrmatin cncerning: the delay until the area infringement; the area and levels invlved. It allwed the cntrller: t access detailed infrmatin n a prblem; Planner nly - t transfer the prblem respnsibility t the Executive; t highlight a prblem t direct the Executive s/planner s attentin t that prblem. Military SYSCO Basic Flight Data Message was implemented in rder: t frward basic flight data frm military units t civil units; t activate the system flight plan in the civil and military units; t allw crrelatin f radar data with flight plan data; t send a Fast Flight Plan Identificatin fr SAT. Changes t the Flight Data Message were implemented in rder t ntify relevant units f all significant changes t flight data previusly sent with a BFD/CFD. Crssing Clearance Request Message was implemented in rder: t frward a request t crss an airspace cntrlled by a military unit with a flight cntrlled by civil unit; t mdify an agreed crssing cnditin f an airspace cntrlled by a military unit with a flight cntrlled by civil unit. Crssing Alternate Prpsal Message was implemented in rder t transmit a cunter-prpsal t the rute/area crssing details prpsed by a cntrller. 24/197

26 3..3 Simulatin Cnstraints The RTSA platfrm was prepared t simulate the current peratinal envirnment. There were cnstraints that required the implementatin f sme wrkarunds which were nt cmpliant with the FASTI peratinal cncept. The ptential prblems calculatin by MTCD - were detected nly at the level f interactins between the trajectries calculated with the CFL/AFL and the XFL r PFL were nt included in this calculatin. Therefre the planning cncept was nt implemented in ttality as prescribed by the FASTI peratinal cncept. The use f the sme SYSCO messages in specific circumstances: While the system was wrking with a single trajectry fr each aircraft (linked t the CFL) the crdinatin in upper/lwer sectrs was nt autmatic; TIP and RTI were used t facilitate this crdinatin in rder t make the flight available fr the specific sectr. CDN messages in the simulatin were used t make the aircraft available fr a sectr in which the trajectry was nt crdinated. These statements are f extreme imprtance in the analysis f the results because it was a technical limitatin f the platfrm; depending n the cntrller s perceptin f these messages the analysis and the further develpment f the system and fr future requirements derivatin will have an imprtant weight. Anther cnstraint f this experiment is related t the duratin f cntrllers training. Cntrllers frm different cuntries were invlved in the experiment: Italian cntrllers were familiar with the baseline system and the training was fcussed n the new functinalities under evaluatin; Swiss cntrllers, hwever, in the same training perid, had t becme familiar nt nly with the new functinalities, but als with the Italian system and wrking methds. The abve issues ptentially influenced the results f the exercise. In the implementatin f the FAB, the cntrllers frm different ACCs wrked in the same living space instead f wrking in separate rms. This envirnmental cnstraint is mentined even if it had negligible impact in the experiment. The simulatin traffic samples were created frm a real traffic sample f reference; the military traffic was added in the traffic samples taking accunt f the current military traffic characteristics. Fr this reasn military traffic density was nt very high r cmpliant with the current cnditins. In sme exercises there were five military aircraft at mst, influenced quantitative measurement related t the military aspects, which did nt have statistical significance. Fr this reasn, results fr Gal 3 were btained frm qualitative measurements nly. 3.6 FASTI RTSB Cntext The FASTI RTSB, simulatin lead by Skyguide, was hsted in Geneva at the Skyguide UAC West Training Centre and tk place between Nvember 1 st and Nvember 7 th 27. A training perid f three days, between Octber 29 th and Nvember 3 th 27, preceded the RTS executin Operatinal Cntext The simulatin dealt with the integratin f FASTI tls in a realistic wrking envirnment based n the Geneva UAC West upper airspace (K and L sectrs) and Rme ACC upper airspace (MI sectrs). The simulated airspace represented the current peratinal envirnment and cnditins as clsely as pssible. 2/197

27 Figure 2: RTSB - Simulated airspace Fur Italian and eight Swiss cntrllers participated in the simulatin and they were rtated n the tw Italian sectrs and three Swiss sectrs. In rder t satisfy the scpe f the simulatin three rganisatins were tested: ORGX Baseline The Baseline prpsed the simulatin f different enablers fr the Italian and Swiss sectrs. Swiss sectrs were equipped with the Cnflict Detectin supprt tls, MONA and Electrnic Crdinatin tls. N Electrnic Crdinatin was perfrmed between Swiss ACC and Rma ACC (except fr ACT as per current peratins). ORGY FASTI tls (crss-brder) The FASTI Tls rganisatin was such that bth Swiss and Italian sectrs were equipped with FASTI tls including inter-centre Electrnic Crdinatin (full SYSCO) with adaptatin f Letters f Agreement. ORGZ FASTI tls + Multi-Sectr Planner The MSP rle was cnsidered in this rganisatin n sectrs f the Swiss airspace. The airspace used fr the simulatin cnsists f a subset f the Geneva ACC sectrs and Rme ACC sectrs (refer t next table). 26/197

28 ACC Sectr name Min FL Max FL LIRR LIRRMI1 FL29 FL34 LIRR LIRRMI2 FL34 FL36 LIRR LIRRMI3 FL36 UNL LSAG LSAGKL2 FL28 FL32 LSAG LSAGKL3 FL32 FL3 LSAG LSAGKL4 FL3 UNL Fr simulatin with ORGX and ORGY: LSAGK2 and LSAGL2 were gruped, LSAGK3 and LSAGL3 were gruped, LSAGK4 and LSAGL4 were gruped, LIRRMI2 and LIRRMI3 were gruped. Fr simulatin with ORGZ: Table 4: RTSB - Simulated sectrs LSAGK2 and LSAGL2 were gruped, LSAGK3 and LSAGL3 were ungruped and frm the MSP suite, LSAGK4 and LSAGL4 were gruped, LIRRMI2 and LIRRMI3 were gruped Technical Cntext The Skyguide simulatin platfrm SIM-UAC reflects the present system in peratin in Skyguide Geneva UAC West. Hwever, fr the sake f the bjectives f FASTI study, new functinalities which are nt in peratin tday were added, such as: CLAM (Clear Flight Level Adherence Mnitring), request fr crdinatin n speed, rute r FL, free text pssibility fr crdinatin purpse, CFL autmatic allcatin frm EFL at first acceptatin by the cntrller. The simulatin platfrm was cmpsed f 12 Cntrller Wrking Psitins, during FASTI RTSB, 1 t 11 Cntrller Wrking Psitins were used depending n the scenari. The aim f this chapter is nt t describe the whle set f functinalities f Skyguide UAC West stripless system, but t highlight the main characteristics f SYSCO, MTCD and MONA functinalities f Skyguide UAC West stripless system as implemented fr the FASTI simulatin Medium Term Cnflict Detectin (MTCD) The MTCD tls aim at supprting cntrllers in cnflict identificatin and their planning tasks by prviding autmated early detectin f ptential cnflicts; by facilitating identificatin f flexible ruting/cnflict free trajectries and by identifying aircraft cnstraining the reslutin f a cnflict r ccupying a flight level requested by anther aircraft. 27/197

29 The MTCD tls within Skyguide envirnment were implemented by the use f three mnitring and cnflicts detectin tls: Hrizntal Scanning Tl (HST), Dynamic Scanning Tl (DST), Exit Cnditins Autmatin Tl (ECAT). Hrizntal Scanning Tl (HST) The Hrizntal Scanning Tl (HST) supprts medium term cnflict detectin between tw tracks, in the hrizntal plane. The purpse f the HST is t detect cnflicts between aircraft based n their current clearances. The HST runs cntinually, n each track update identifying flights with cnflicting CFL (RVSM flights: the same CFL +/- 99 feet; nn RVSM flights: the same CFL +/- 199 feet) fr which the presentatin is made when the minimum hrizntal separatin determined frm their trajectries falls belw 1NM r 1NM (depending n the cntrller persnal preference). On all radar screens, an HST cnflict windw, giving the list f the cnflicts within the sectr is permanently displayed. Mving the cursr ver the cnflict entry, the track aircraft IDs are highlighted and their flight paths can be displayed identifying the cnflicting prtins. Dynamic Scanning Tl (DST) The Dynamic Scanning Tl (DST) supprts medium term cnflict detectin between tw tracks, in the vertical plane. The purpse f the DST is t assist the cntrllers in detecting pssible cnflicts that wuld result frm a given CFL, heading r direct clearance being issued t an aircraft. The DST als checks fr pssible cnflicts with a prpsed (tentative) flight level and/r heading. In this case, a display filtering n the sectr height filter and mre generally n previusly accepted cnflicts is applied t efficiently dispatch the cnflicts t the cncerned cntrllers. Exit Cnditins Autmatin Tl (ECAT) The Exit Cnditins Autmatin Tl (ECAT) supprts exit cnflict detectin between tw aircraft leaving Geneva AR when they are n the same Exit pint, at the same level (XFL) and within a time interval depending n the Exit Pint (depending n sme specific parameters like speed, destinatin and weather cnditins). The purpse f ECAT is t assist with the planning f exit flight cnditins t ensure that aircraft are transferred taking int accunt LAs. ECAT prvides a time-rdered list f flights exiting the sectr t an external unit, highlighting, bth in the list and in the track label (depending n persnal set-up), cases where the required separatin (in time) between tw aircraft planned t exit at a same flight level via a cmmn exit pint is infringed. In additin, the system prpses an alternative level fr ne f the aircraft accrding t predefined rules (e.g. if a lwer level is t be prpsed, it is given by preference t the aircraft with the nearest destinatin). If levels are unavailable (e.g. due t severe turbulence) they can be marked as blcked and thencefrth nt used fr the reslving f cnflicts. Exit windws prvide infrmatin abut flights leaving Geneva AR. These windws cntain all flight plan data invlved by regulatin functins, i.e. crrelated, pre-crrelated and activated flight plans but nt yet crrelated Mnitring Aids (MONA) The Mnitring Aids (MONA) help the cntrllers by reducing the wrklad assciated with traffic mnitring tasks by prviding warnings f aircraft deviatins frm a clearance r plan and reminders f instructins t be issued. The MONA Nn Cnfrmance Warnings are the Adherence Mnitring Tl (AMT), the Cleared Level Adherence Mnitring Tl (CLAM). The MONA Reminders are the Pst-It Reminder and the Change f frequency reminder. 28/197