PRECISION SWITCHMODE PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR CONTROL CIRCUIT

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Reynold Gabriel Dickerson
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1 Order this document by M34060A/D The M34060A is a low cost fixed frequency, pulse width modulation control circuit designed primarily for singleended SWITHMODE power supply control. The M34060A is specified over the commercial operating temperature range of 0 to 70, and the M33060A is specified over an automotive temperature range of 40 to 85. omplete Pulse Width Modulation ontrol ircuitry Onhip Oscillator with Master or Slave Operation Onhip Error Amplifiers Onhip 5.0 V Reference,.5% Accuracy Adjustable DeadTime ontrol Uncommitted Output Transistor Rated to 00 ma Source or Sink Undervoltage Lockout PREISION SWITHMODE PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR ONTROL IRUIT SEMIONDUTOR TEHNIAL DATA 4 P SUFFIX PLASTI PAKAGE ASE 646 PIN ONNETIONS Noninv Input Inv Input ompen/pwm omp Input DeadTime ontrol 3 4 Error Amp 0.V Error Amp V 5.0 V ref 4 3 Noninv Input Inv Input N.. 4 D SUFFIX PLASTI PAKAGE ASE 75A (SO4) T RT Ground 5 0 Oscillator 6 9 Q 7 8 V E Device M34060AD M34060AP ORDERING INFORMATION Operating Temperature Range TA = 0 to 70 Package SO4 Plastic DIP (Top View) M33060AD M33060AP TA = 40 to 85 SO4 Plastic DIP MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA Motorola, Inc. 996 Rev

2 MAXIMUM RATINGS (Full operating ambient temperature range applies, unless otherwise noted.) Rating Symbol Value Unit Power Supply Voltage V 4 V ollector Output Voltage V 4 V ollector Output urrent (Note ) I 500 ma Amplifier Input Voltage Range Vin 0.3 to 4 V Power TA 45 PD 000 mw Operating Junction Temperature TJ 5 Storage Temperature Range Tstg 55 to 5 Operating Ambient Temperature Range For M34060A For M33060A TA 0 to to 85 NOTES:. Maximum thermal limits must be observed. THERMAL HARATERISTIS haracteristics Symbol P Suffix Package D Suffix Package Thermal Resistance, JunctiontoAmbient RθJA 80 0 /W Derating Ambient Temperature TA Unit REOMMENDED OPERATING ONDITIONS ondition/value Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Power Supply Voltage V V ollector Output Voltage V V ollector Output urrent I 00 ma Amplifier Input Voltage Vin 0.3 V V urrent Into Feedback Terminal Ifb 0.3 ma Reference Output urrent Iref 0 ma Timing Resistor RT kω Timing apacitor T µf Oscillator Frequency fosc khz PWM Input Voltage (Pins 3 and 4) V ELETRIAL HARATERISTIS (V = 5 V, T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω, unless otherwise noted. For typical values TA = 5, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted.) haracteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit REFERENE SETION Reference Voltage (IO =.0 ma, TA 5 ) TA = Tlow to Thigh M34060A TA = Tlow to Thigh M33060A Line Regulation (V = 7.0 V to 40 V, IO = 0 ma)) Load Regulation (IO =.0 ma to 0 ma) Short ircuit Output urrent ( = 0 V) Regline.0 5 mv Regload.0 5 mv IS ma V MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

3 ELETRIAL HARATERISTIS (V = 5 V, T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω, unless otherwise noted. For typical values TA = 5, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted.) haracteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit OUTPUT SETION ollector OffState urrent (V = 40 V, VE = 40 V) Emitter OffState urrent (V = 40 V, VE = 40 V, VE = 0 V) I(off).0 00 µa IE(off) 00 µa ollectoremitter Saturation Voltage (Note ) ommonemitter (VE = 0 V, I = 00 ma) EmitterFollower (V = 5 V, IE = 00 ma) Vsat() Vsat(E) V Output Voltage Rise Time (TA = 5 ) ommonemitter (See Figure ) EmitterFollower (See Figure 3) tr ns Output Voltage Fall Time (TA = 5 ) ommonemitter (See Figure EmitterFollower (See Figure 3) tr ns ERROR AMPLIFIER SETION Input Offset Voltage (VO[Pin 3] =.5 V) Input Offset urrent (V[Pin 3] =.5 V) Input Bias current (VO[Pin 3] =.5 V) VIO.0 0 mv IIO na IIB 0..0 µa Input ommon Mode Voltage Range (V = 40 V) VIR 0 to V.0 V Inverting Input Voltage Range VIR(INV) 0.3 to V.0 V OpenLoop Voltage Gain ( VO = 3.0 V, VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL =.0 kω) UnityGain rossover Frequency (VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL =.0 kω) Phase Margin at UnityGain (VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL =.0 kω) ommon Mode Rejection Ratio (V = 40 V, Vin = 0 V to 38 V)) Power Supply Rejection Ratio ( V = 33 V, VO =.5 V, RL =.0 kω) Output Sink urrent (VO[Pin 3] = 0.7 V) Output Source urrent (VO[Pin 3] = 3.5 V) AVOL db fc 600 khz φm 65 deg. MRR db PSRR 00 db IO ma IO ma NOTES:. Low duty cycle techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient temperatures as possible. T low = 40 for M33060A T high = 85 for M33060A T low = 0 for M34060A T high = 70 for M34060A MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA 3

4 ELETRIAL HARATERISTIS (V = 5 V, T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω, unless otherwise noted. For typical values TA = 5, for min/max values TA is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted.) haracteristics Symbol Min Typ Max Unit PWM OMPARATOR SETION (Test circuit Figure ) Input Threshold Voltage (Zero Duty ycle) Input Sink urrent (V[Pin 3] = 0.7 V) DEADTIME ONTROL SETION (Test circuit Figure ) Input Bias urrent (Pin 4) (Vin = 0 V to 5.5 V) VTH V II ma IIB(DT).0 0 µa Maximum Output Duty ycle (Vin = 0 V, T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω) (Vin = 0 V, T = 0.00 µf, RT = 47 kω) Dmax % Input Threshold Voltage (Pin 4) (Zero Duty ycle) (Maximum Duty ycle) VTH V OSILLATOR SETION Frequency (T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω, TA = 5 ) TA = Tlow to Thigh M34060A TA = Tlow to Thigh M33060A (T = 0.00 µf, RT = 47 kω) Standard Deviation of Frequency* (T = 0.00 µf, RT = 47 kω) Frequency hange with Voltage (V = 7.0 V to 40 V) fosc khz σfosc.5 % fosc( V) % Frequency hange with Temperature ( TA =Tlow to Thigh) (T = 0.0 µf, RT = kω) fosc( T) 4.0 % UNDERVOLTAGE LOKOUT SETION TurnOn Threshold (V increasing, Iref =.0 ma) Vth V Hysteresis VH mv TOTAL DEVIE Standby Supply urrent (Pin 6 at, all other inputs and outputs open) (V = 5 V) (V = 40 V) Average Supply urrent (V[Pin 4] =.0 V, T = 0.00 µf, RT = 47 kω). See Figure. I ma IS 7.0 ma *Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula; σ = N Σ (xn x) n N 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

5 Figure. Block Diagram 6 5 Oscillator Reference Regulator 0 V RT T DeadTime ontrol 4 DeadTime 0.V omparator 0.7V PWM. 0.7mA omparator Undervoltage Lockout VTH Q 9 8 Ref Out ollector Emitter 3 Error Amp Feedback/PWM omparator Input 3 4 Error Amp 7 Gnd This device contains 46 active transistors. Description The M34060A is a fixedfrequency pulse width modulation control circuit, incorporating the primary building blocks required for the control of a switching power supply (see Figure ). An internallinear sawtooth oscillator is frequencyprogrammable by two external components, RT and T. The approximate oscillator frequency is determined by:. fosc RT T For more information refer to Figure 3. Output pulse width modulation is accomplished by comparison of the positive sawtooth waveform across capacitor T to either of two control signals. The output is enabled only during that portion of time when the sawtooth voltage is greater than the control signals. Therefore, an increase in controlsignal amplitude causes a corresponding linear decrease of output pulse width. (Refer to the Timing Diagram shown in Figure.) apacitor T Feedback/P.W.M. omparator DeadTime ontrol Figure. Timing Diagram Output Q, Emitter APPLIATIONS INFORMATION The control signals are external inputs that can be fed into the deadtime control, the error amplifier inputs, or the feedback input. The deadtime control comparator has an effective 0 mv input offset which limits the minimum output dead time to approximately the first 4% of the sawtoothcycle time. This would result in a maximum duty cycle of 96%. Additional dead time may be imposed on the output by setting the dead timecontrol input to a fixed voltage, ranging between 0 V to 3.3 V. The pulse width modulator comparator provides a means for the error amplifiers to adjust the output pulse width from the maximum percent ontime, established by the dead time control input, down to zero, as the voltage at the feedback pin MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA varies from 0.5 V to 3.5 V. Both error amplifiers have a common mode input range from 0.3 V to (V.0 V), and may be used to sense power supply output voltage and current. The erroramplifier outputs are active high and are ORed together at the noninverting input of the pulsewidth modulator comparator. With this configuration, the amplifier that demands minimum output on time, dominates control of the loop. The M34060A has an internal 5.0 V reference capable of sourcing up to 0 ma of load currents for external bias circuits. The reference has an internal accuracy of ±5% with a typical thermal drift of less than 50 mv over an operating temperature range of 0 to 70. 5

6 f M34060A M33060A, OSILLATOR FREQUENY (Hz) osc 500 k 00 k 0 k.0 k Figure 3. Oscillator Frequency versus Timing Resistance 0.00 µf.0 µf T = 0.0 µf V = 5 V k.0 k 5.0 k 0 k 0 k 50 k 00 k 00 k 500 k.0 M RT, TIMING RESISTANE (Ω) VOL, OPEN LOOP VOLTAGE GAIN (db) A Figure 4. Open Loop Voltage Gain and Phase versus Frequency V = 5 V VO = 3.0 V RL =.0 kω 80 0 AVOL θ k 0 k 00 k.0 M f, FREQUENY (Hz) 0 θ, EXESS PHASE (DEGREES) % DT, PERENT DEAD-TIME, Q OUTPUT Figure 5. Percent Deadtime versus Oscillator Frequency 0.0 µf T = 0.00 µf k 0 k 00 k 500 k fosc, OSILLATOR FREQUENY (Hz) PERENT DUTY YLE (%) Figure 6. Percent Duty ycle versus DeadTime ontrol Voltage V = 5 V T = 0.00 RT = 47 k DEADTIME ONTROL VOLTAGE (V), SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) E(SAT) V Figure 7. EmitterFollower onfiguration Output Saturation Voltage versus Emitter urrent IE, EMITTER URRENT (ma), SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) VE(SAT) Figure 8. ommonemitter onfiguration Output Saturation Voltage versus ollector urrent I, OLLETOR URRENT (ma) 6 MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

7 I M34060A M33060A, SUPPLY URRENT (ma) Figure 9. Standby Supply urrent versus Supply Voltage V, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TH, UNDERVOLTAGE LOKOUT THRESHOLD (V) V Figure 0. Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds versus Reference Load urrent Turn On Turn Off IL, REFERENE LOAD URRENT (ma) Figure. Error Amplifier haracteristics Figure. Deadtime and Feedback ontrol Vin Error Amplifier Under Test Other Error Amplifier Feedback Terminal (Pin 3) Test Inputs 50kΩ V = 5V Dead Time V Feedback RT T () () Error () () Gnd E Ref Out 50Ω W Output Figure 3. ommonemitter onfiguration and Waveform Figure 4. EmitterFollower onfiguration and Waveform 5V RL 68Ω V Output Transistor 5V Output Transistor E L 5pF E RL 68Ω L 5pF VE 90% 90% V 0% 0% 90% 90% VE 0% 0% tr tf tr tf MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA 7

8 Figure 5. Error Amplifier Sensing Techniques VO To Output Voltage of System R R Error Amp Positive Output Voltage 3 3 Error Amp Negative Output Voltage VO = ( R ) VO = ( R ) R R R R To Output Voltage of System VO Figure 6. Deadtime ontrol ircuit Figure 7. SoftStart ircuit Output Q RT T 6 5 DT 4 R R Output Q DT 4 R R S 47k 0.00 Max % On Time 9 60 R R Figure 8. Slaving Two or More ontrol ircuits 6 5 RT Master T RT T 6 5 RT T Slave (Additional ircuits) 8 MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

9 Figure 9. StepDown onverter with SoftStart and Output urrent Limiting Vin = 8.0V to 40V Tip 3 Vout V/.0A 4.7k 50/ k.0M omp 0 V M34060A E MR V 4.7k Gnd 7 DT T RT 0/6V k 4.7k k Test onditions Results Line Regulation Vin = 8.0 V to 40 V, IO =.0 A 5 mv 0.5% Load Regulation Vin = V, IO =.0 ma to.0 A 3.0 mv 0.06% Output Ripple Vin = V, IO =.0 A 75 mv pp P.A.R.D. Short ircuit urrent Vin = V, RL = 0. Ω.6 A Efficiency Vin = V, IO =.0 A 73% MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA 9

10 Figure 0. StepUp onverter Vin = 8.0V to 6V 4.0A MR850 * Vout k 8V/ 0.5A 0 50/35V 4.7k k.7M 3.9k omp V M34060A E Tip * 470/35V 470/35V Gnd DT T RT k k 470 Test onditions Results Line Regulation Vin = 8.0 V to 6 V, IO = 0.5 A 40 mv 0.4% Load Regulation Vin = V, IO =.0 ma to 0.5 A 5.0 mv 0.8% Output Ripple Vin = V, IO = 0.5 A 4 mv pp P.A.R.D. Efficiency Vin = V, IO = 0.5 A 75% * Optional circuit to minimize output ripple 0 MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

11 Figure. StepUp/Down Voltage Inverting onverter with SoftStart and urrent Limiting Vin = 8.0V to 40V 30k 47 Tip 3 MR85 0µH Vout 5V/ 0.5A 0 50/50V 7.5k k.0M omp V 9 75 * M34060A 50µH 330/6V 8 E 0k Gnd DT T RT 7 0/6V k 4.7k k 3.3k 80.0 Test onditions Results Line Regulation Vin = 8.0 V to 40 V, IO = 50 ma 5 mv 0.35% Load Regulation Vin = V, IO =.0 to 50 ma 47 mv 0.3% Output Ripple Vin = V, IO = 50 ma 0 mv pp P.A.R.D. Short ircuit urrent Vin = V, RL = 0. Ω 330 ma Efficiency Vin = V, IO = 50 ma 86% * Optional circuit to minimize output ripple MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

12 Figure. 33 W OffLine Flyback onverter with SoftStart and Primary Power Limiting L 5.0V/3.0A N584 T N /0V 00/0V L M34060A M33060A Figure. 33 W OffLine Flyback onverter with SoftStart and Primary Power Limiting /075A N4934 N each UL/SA 3/00 Vac N400 * * *.0A T 5 Ω old 5 Vac ±0% *Optional R.F.I. Filter * T ommon 0/35V 47/5V 000/5V k 0/35V L 3 000/5V 0 V 80/00V 9 /0.75A N474 N4937 N M 33k 0.0 MPS A05 omp M34060A 4 N k 7.5k 0/5V MJE E MPS A55 7 T oilcraft W96 T ore: oilcraft 4646, 0.05 gap in each leg. Bobbin: oilcraft Windings: Primary, each, 75 turns #5 Awg Bifilar wound Feedback: 5 turns #6 Awg Secondary, 5.0 V, 6 Awg Bifilar wound Secondary, each, 4 turns #4 Awg Bifilar wound Gnd DT T RT 8.k k 0.5k V out P out 5.0k 5k 7k k.0 L oilcraft Z756, 5 µ 5.0 A L, L3 oilcraft Z757, 5 µ A 0.0 N448.7k Test onditions Results Line Regulation 5.0 V Vin = 95 Vac to 35 Vac, IO = 3.0 A 0 mv 0.40% Line Regulation ± V Vin = 95 Vac to 35 Vac, IO = ±0.75 A 5 mv 0.6% Load Regulation 5.0 V Vin = 5 Vac, IO =.0 A to 4.0 A 476 mv 9.5% Load Regulation ± V Vin = 5 Vac, IO = ±0.4 A to ±0.9 A 300 mv.5% Output Ripple 5.0 V Vin = 5 Vac, IO = 3.0 A 45 mv pp P.A.R.D. Output Ripple ± V Vin = 5 Vac, IO = ±0.75 A 75 mv pp P.A.R.D. Efficiency Vin = 5 Vac, IO 5.0 V = 3.0 A 74% IO ± V = ±0.75 A MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

13 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS P SUFFIX PLASTI PAKAGE ASE ISSUE L B NOTES:. LEADS WITHIN 0.3 (0.005) RADIUS OF TRUE POSITION AT SEATING PLANE AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL ONDITION.. DIMENSION L TO ENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INLUDE MOLD FLASH. 4. ROUNDED ORNERS OPTIONAL. A F H G D N SEATING PLANE K L M J INHES MILLIMETERS DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A B D F G 0.00 BS.54 BS H J K L BS 7.6 BS M N D SUFFIX PLASTI PAKAGE ASE 75A03 (SO4) ISSUE F A B P 7 PL 0.5 (0.00) M B M NOTES:. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANING PER ANSI Y4.5M, 98.. ONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.5 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.7 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL ONDITION. T SEATING PLANE G D 4 PL K 0.5 (0.00) M T B S A S R X 45 M J F MILLIMETERS INHES DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX A B D F G.7 BS BS J K M P R MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA 3

14 NOTES 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA

15 NOTES MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE DATA 5

16 Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Typical parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; TatsumiSPDJLD, 6F SeibuButsuryuenter, P.O. Box 09; Phoenix, Arizona or Tatsumi KotoKu, Tokyo 35, Japan MFAX: RMFAX0@ .sps.mot.com TOUHTONE ASIA/PAIFI: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, INTERNET: 5 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong MOTOROLA ANALOG I DEVIE M34060A/D DATA

LOW NOISE, JFET INPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

LOW NOISE, JFET INPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Order this document by TL7/D These low noise JFET input operational amplifiers combine two stateoftheart analog technologies on a single monolithic integrated circuit. Each internally compensated operational