instructions for authors

Transcription

1 instructins fr authrs GENERAL INFORMATION... 3 Types f Manuscripts... 3 Cnsideratin... 3 Authrship... 4 Disclsure f Cmpeting Interests and Funding... 4 Ethical Apprval... 4 Patient Cnsent... 4 SUBMITTING A MANUSCRIPT... 5 Brief Cvering Letter... 5 Hw t Submit a Manuscript Using Editrial Manager... 5 New Authrs... 5 Registered Authrs... 5 Retrieving r Changing User Name r Passwrd... 5 Step-by-Step Instructins... 5 FORMATTING AND STYLE... 8 Fnt, Margins, and Spacing... 8 Headings... 8 Title Page... 9 Language... 9 Abbreviatins and Punctuatin f Certain Wrds Abstracts in Other Languages Drug Names Punctuatin Cmmas Perids Ellipses Semiclns Clns Hyphens Dashes Single Qutatins Marks (Apstrphes) Duble Qutatin Marks Blck Qutatins Numbers Numbers and Ordinals (spelled ut) Numbers and Ordinals (in figures) Percentages Sums f Mney Time f Day and Years IN-TEXT CITATIONS General One Authr N Date r In Press Tw Authrs Three Authrs Fur r Mre Authrs Same Authrs, Same Year Same First Authr, Same Year Multiple References Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry

2 Direct Qutatins Single Page Multiple Pages Nn-Cnsecutive Pages Multiple References Un-Paginated Electrnic Wrk Persnal Cmmunicatin Message Sectin Number Equatin Vlume Referenced Vlume Plus Page REFERENCES Academic Jurnals One Authr With DOI Authrs Authrs Online N Issue Mnth as Issue Seasn as Issue N Vlume epub Ahead f Print Frthcming N Date Public Media Newspaper Magazine Online Unsigned Bk Review Presentatin Website Weblg Cmment Bks One Authr Authrs Authrs Multiple Editins Electrnic Online Translated Editr r Translatr as Authr Editr r Translatr with Authr Chapter Preface r Frward Thesis r Dissertatin Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 2

3 GENERAL INFORMATION The Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry (JBI) is an internatinal, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed jurnal that publishes rigrus, schlarly papers and cmmentary acrss the range f issues that arise within the field f biethics. The JBI welcmes bth reprts f empirical research and articles that increase the theretical understanding f medicine and healthcare, the health prfessins, and the life sciences. The JBI is als pen t critical reflectins n medicine and cnventinal biethics; the nature f health, illness, and disability; the surces f ethics; the nature f ethical cmmunities; pssible implicatins f new develpments in science and technlgy fr scial and cultural life and human identity; and the impact f scial plicies and current wrld events n health, welfare, and systems f pwer. Cntributins discussing biethical issues in different gegraphical and cultural settings are strngly encuraged as are perspectives that are less cmmnly represented in existing jurnals in the field. The JBI will cnsider cntributins frm any relevant discipline, including Philsphy, Biethics, Anthrplgy, Cultural Studies, Disability Studies, Ecnmics, Envirnmental Sciences, Feminism, Gay and Lesbian Studies, Histry, Law, Linguistics and Discurse Analysis, Literature and Literary Studies, Psychlgy, Public Health and Epidemilgy, Scial Thery, and Thelgy and Religius Studies. We encurage authrs t write in a style that is accessible t readers frm disciplines ther than their wn. Types f Manuscripts The jurnal welcmes manuscripts in the fllwing areas: Original Research Including empirical and theretical research and cnceptual reflectins Recmmended length: 7,000 7,500 wrds Review Articles Recmmended length: 5,000 wrds Critical Cmmentary On articles published in the JBI Recmmended length: 2,000 wrds Critical Perspectives and Opinin Pieces n Issues f Cntemprary Interest Recmmended length: 2,000 3,000 wrds Case Studies and Case Studies Respnses Recmmended length: 2,000 3,000 wrds fr Case Studies; 1,000 1,500 wrds fr Case Respnses Bk, Film, and Art Reviews Recmmended length: 1,500 wrds Letters t the Editr Cnsideratin Recmmended length: 500 1,000 wrds Manuscripts submitted t the Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry must be ffered exclusively t the jurnal. Submissin f a manuscript implies that the wrk described: Has nt been published befre; Is nt under cnsideratin fr publicatin anywhere else; and Its publicatin has been apprved by all c-authrs, if any, as well as by the respnsible authrities tacitly r explicitly at the institute where the wrk has been carried ut. The publisher will nt be held legally respnsible shuld there be any claims fr cmpensatin. If a submitted article verlaps cnsiderably with previusly published articles r articles cncurrently submitted elsewhere, cpies f these shuld be included with the submitted manuscript. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 3

4 Authrship Authrship shuld be based n substantial cntributin t: 1. Cnceptin and design f the article r acquisitin, analysis, and interpretatin f data; 2. Drafting f the article r revising it critically fr imprtant intellectual cntent; and 3. Final apprval f the versin t be published. Cnditins (1), (2), and (3) must all be met by each authr. Participatin slely in the acquisitin f funding r the cllectin f data des nt justify authrship. Each authr must als be prepared t take public respnsibility fr the article. The rder f authrs shuld be the jint decisin f all authrs. Disclsure f Cmpeting Interests and Funding Authrs are required t indicate whether they have any financial r prfessinal relatinships that may pse a cmpeting interest. A cmpeting interest exists when prfessinal judgement cncerning a primary interest (such as patients welfare r the validity f research) may be influenced by a secndary interest (such as financial gain r persnal rivalry). It may arise when authrs have a financial prfessinal interest that may influence, prbably withut their knwing, their interpretatin f their results r thse f thers. S that we make the best decisin abut hw t handle a paper, we shuld knw abut any such cmpeting interests authrs may have. We are nt aiming t eradicate dualities f interests, as these are inevitable, and we will nt reject papers simply because f a duality f interest. Hwever, we will make a declaratin abut whether r nt cmpeting interests exist. Authrs als are required t declare all surces f funding fr their research. Authrs must describe the rle f study spnsr(s), if any, in the study design; in data cllectin, analysis, and interpretatin; and in the writing f the article. They als shuld state whether the supprting surce(s) cntrlled r influenced the decisin t submit the final manuscript fr publicatin. If spnsr(s) had n such invlvement, this shuld be stated. Ethical Apprval All experimental investigatins invlving human subjects must include a statement in the Methds sectin that subjects gave their infrmed cnsent. The name f the ethics cmmittee that apprved the study als must be stated in this sectin. Additinally, the manuscript shuld indicate whether the prcedures fllwed were in accrdance with the ethical standards f the respnsible cmmittee n human experimentatin (institutinal r reginal) r with the Helsinki Declaratin (1964, last revised in 2000) f the Wrld Medical Assciatin. D nt use patients names, initials, r hspital numbers, especially in any illustrative material. When reprting experiments n animals, indicate whether the institutin s r the Natinal Research Cuncil s guide fr, r any natinal law n, the care and use f labratry animals was fllwed. Studies invlving Abriginal r Trres Strait Islander subjects r any Indigenus ppulatins als must state that they have been apprved by the relevant lcal Indigenus representatives. Patient Cnsent Case reprts must preserve patient annymity; any identifying infrmatin shuld nt be published unless it is essential fr understanding the case. Authrs als must prvide a signed statement (t be dwnladed during the manuscript submissin prcess) frm the patient(s) r their surrgate giving permissin fr the publicatin f any identifying material. Where authrs d nt wish t include a signed patient cnsent t publish in the Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry, reasns in supprt f this decisin must be prvided in a letter accmpanying the manuscript. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 4

5 SUBMITTING A MANUSCRIPT All submissins t the Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry are cmpleted using Editrial Manager, Springer s fully web-enabled nline manuscript submissin and review system. Electrnic submissin substantially reduces the editrial prcessing and reviewing times and shrtens verall publicatin times. It als ffers authrs the ptin f tracking the prgress f their manuscripts in real time. Fr mre infrmatin abut submitting manuscripts using Editrial Manager, please see belw. Editrial Manager supprts a wide range f submissin file frmats, including: Wrd, WrdPerfect, RTF, TXT, LaTeX2E, and TeX (fr manuscripts) and TIFF, GIF, JPEG, EPS, PPT, PICT, Excel, Tar, and Pstscript (fr figures). (PDF is nt an acceptable file frmat.) NOTE: By using Editrial Manager, it is NOT necessary t submit the manuscript als in printut + disk. If yu encunter any difficulties during the submissin prcess, please cntact Brnwen Mrrell, the JBI s Managing Editr. Brief Cvering Letter Authrs will be asked t submit a cvering letter with each manuscript. This shuld detail: Why the article shuld be published in the Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry (in brief, a few lines nly), and Cnfirmatin that the manuscript cntent (in part r in full) has nt been submitted cncurrently r published elsewhere. Hw t Submit a Manuscript Using Editrial Manager The nline manuscript submissin system fr the JBI can be fund here. See belw fr a step-by-step guide fr submitting new r revised manuscripts. New Authrs If yu are a NEW AUTHOR and have never submitted a manuscript t the Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry befre, yu first will need t register in the system. Once n the Editrial Manager hme page fr the JBI, click the Register link lcated in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen and enter the requested infrmatin. Upn successful registratin, yu will be sent an e- mail with instructins t verify yur registratin. Yu als will receive an assigned user name and a passwrd. T change yur user name and passwrd: Lg int the system and select Update My Infrmatin in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen. Yu may lg int the system at any time by returning t the JBI Editrial Manager hme page and clicking the Lgin link lcated in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen. Enter yur user name and passwrd, and then click the Authr Lgin buttn. Registered Authrs Once yu are registered r if yu are a RETURNING AUTHOR, d nt register again. Simply return t the JBI Editrial Manager hme page and click the Lgin link lcated in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen. Enter yur user name and passwrd, and then click the Authr Lgin buttn. Retrieving r Changing User Name r Passwrd T change yur user name and passwrd: Lg int the system and select Update My Infrmatin in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen. If yu have frgtten yur passwrd, click the Lgin link and then click the Send Username/Passwrd link. Step-by-Step Instructins 1. In the Authr Main Menu, yu may submit a new manuscript r a revised manuscript. When submitting a manuscript, Editrial Manager will ask yu t indicate the Article Type. Frm the pull-dwn menu, select the apprpriate categry and then click Next : Original Research (mst nn-slicited manuscripts will fall int this categry) Editrial Letter t the Editr Critical Perspectives Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 5

6 Recent Develpments (shrt and ften invited articles, particularly regarding the law) Sympsium (invited/nn-invited manuscripts that meet scpe f an upcming sympsium) Special Issue (invited/nn-invited manuscripts that meet scpe f an upcming special issue) Case Studies (including respnses t published Case Studies, aka In That Case ) Bk Review; Film Review; Art Review 2. On the fllwing screen, enter the full title f the manuscript int the text bx and then click Next. 3. If there are c-authrs, click the Add Authr buttn. A pp-up screen will appear; enter the apprpriate infrmatin int the text bxes. Click Submit if there is nly ne c-authr r Submit and Add Anther Authr if mre. Once all authrs have been added, click Next. 4. On the fllwing screen, enter the abstract fr the manuscript int the text bx and then click Next. 5. On the fllwing screen, enter fur (4) t six (6) descriptive keywrds fr the manuscript (using MeSH terms frm Index Medicus) int the text bx and separate these with semiclns (;). Als, please enter the manuscript s ttal number f wrds. When finished, click Next. 6. On the fllwing screen, click the Select Classificatins buttn. A pp-up screen will appear. Identify yur manuscript s areas f interest and specializatin by selecting ne r mre f the classificatins frm the Discipline and Issues lists. T expand and view these lists, click the Expand All link r + sign next t the terms Discipline and Issues. (Yu als may enter search terms int the Search text bx and then click the Search buttn.) Select as many classificatins as apprpriate by clicking n the bx next t each item. Selected items will be indicated with a check mark. Then click the Select-> buttn t mve the desired classificatins int the large input bx n the righthand side f the screen. Once finished, click the Submit buttn. The selected classificatins shuld nw appear as a list in Editrial Manager. Click Next. 7. On the fllwing screen, answer the questins in the text bx and then click Next. 8. If yu wish t alert the editrial ffice f any special infrmatin r requirements regarding yur manuscript, enter this infrmatin in the text bx n the fllwing screen. If there are nne, simply indicate this in the text bx. Then click Next. 9. On the fllwing screen, yu will be asked t uplad yur manuscript in (at least) three separate parts: a cvering letter, a title page with authr cntact infrmatin, and the manuscript itself. (Yu als may uplad figures, tables, etc., here.) It is easiest if yu already have these separate dcuments created. T submit each dcument, first select the dcument s type in the Item pull-dwn menu (fr example, Cvering Letter ). In the Descriptin text bx, yu may add brief additinal infrmatin, if desired. (If nt, leave the prefilled descriptin that appears.) Then click the Chse File buttn and lcate the apprpriate file yu wish t attach. Click the Attach This File buttn. Repeat these steps fr all parts f yur manuscript. (The screen refreshes itself each time yu select a new Item type, s please give it a few secnds. Yu als may need t click n the Chse File buttn again.) When finished, click Next. 10. Yu will receive a summary f yur attached files. If this is crrect, click the Build PDF fr My Apprval buttn. If nt, click the Previus buttn. 11. On the fllwing screen, yu will need t click the Submissins Waiting fr Authr s Apprval link, which will redirect yu t a different screen in Editrial Manager. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 6

7 Here yu may view, edit, apprve, r remve yur submissin and/r send an t the Editrial Office r the Handling Editr. Click n the apprpriate link fr each. Once yu are satisfied with yur submissin, click the Apprve Submissin link. 12. Click n the Main Menu link t return t the authr main menu. 13. Click n the Lg Out link in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen t lg ut f the system. 14. Yu may lg int the system at any time by returning t the JBI Editrial Manager hme page and clicking the Lgin link lcated in the upper, left-hand crner f the screen. Enter yur user name and passwrd, and then click the Authr Lgin buttn. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 7

8 FORMATTING AND STYLE Ensuring yur paper cnfrms t Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry style will increase the speed f the cpy-editing prcess and reduce time t publicatin. Please fllw all instructins carefully. JBI style is based n The Chicag Manual f Style and uses the authr date referencing system. Because f ur publisher s guidelines, papers shuld NOT include mre than six (6) ftntes. Please fllw The Chicag Manual f Style and these guidelines when frmatting, punctuating, and writing yur manuscript. Failure t d s can result in the delay f publishing yur paper. Please nte that the JBI nw publishes all papers using Oxfrd s British & Wrld English fr spelling and hyphenatin (see but punctuates accrding t The Chicag Manual f Style (e.g., duble qutatin marks, perids and cmmas inside qutatin marks, etc.). Please cnsult bth references (and this JBI manual) fr assistance. Lastly, please ensure that in-text citatins and references are frmatted as indicted in this manual. All titles in references shuld emply Sentence case, all jurnal references shuld include bth vlume and issue number, and all jurnal titles shuld be spelled ut and cpied verbatim. The infrmatin/examples included herein are taken frm these surces (with mdificatins): University f Chicag The Chicag manual f style: The essential guide fr writers, editrs, and publishers, 15 th ed. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. University f Chicag The Chicag manual f style: The essential guide fr writers, editrs, and publishers, 16 th ed. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. University f Melburne Australian guide t legal citatin, 3 rd ed. Melburne: Melburne University Law Review Assciatin, Inc., in cllabratin with the Melburne Jurnal f Internatinal Law, Inc. Fnt, Margins, and Spacing Please save yur manuscripts as a Micrsft Wrd.dc file (nt.dcx) and use: Times New Rman, 12-pint fnt 1 space (nt tw) fllwing ending punctuatin between sentences 1.5 line spacing Left-justificatin ( align text left ) Standard/reasnable margins 1 space befre and after ellipses but n (0) spaces befre and after en- and em-dashes Headings Use title case and capitalize the principal wrds, including prepsitins and cnjunctins f fur r mre letters. Als, please nte: the wrd is is a verb and shuld be capitalized in titles. Manuscript Title (bld) Example: Art and Biethics: Shifts in Understanding Acrss Genres Sectin Heading 1 (bld) Example: Arts and Biethics Prgrams Sectin Heading 2 (plain text) Example: Arts and Biethics Prgram, Cratia 2008 Sectin Heading 3 (italics) Example: The Exhibitin Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 8

9 Title Page The title page shuld be frmatted as fllws; failure t cnfrm may delay publicatin f yur article: [issue] [categry] Add Categry Name Here [title] Add a Main Title Here Using Title Case [subtitle] If Applicable, Add a Subtitle Here Using Title Case [authr(s)] First A. Last; First B. Last [authr details] F. A. Last [crrespnding authr] Name f Affiliated Organizatin Address City, State/Prvince Pstal Cde COUNTRY xxxxx@wwww.edu F. B. Last Name f Affiliated Organizatin Address City, State/Prvince Pstal Cde COUNTRY yyyyy@zzzzz.edu Abstract Add full abstract in here. Abstracts shuld be abut wrds. Keywrds Xxxxxx; Xxxxxx; Xxxxxx; Xxxxxx; Xxxxxx; Xxxxxx Keywrds shuld be separated by a semicln and emply Sentence case. Fr example: Biethics; Infrmed cnsent; End-f-life issues; Advance directives Language The JBI nw publishes all papers using Oxfrd s British & Wrld English fr spelling and hyphenatin (see but punctuates accrding t The Chicag Manual f Style (e.g., duble qutatin marks, perids and cmmas inside qutatin marks, etc.). Please cnsult bth references (and this JBI manual) fr assistance. Please use Oxfrd Dictinaries: British & Wrld English ( 1. Always use the first accepted spellings f wrds per the Oxfrd dictinary. (Please nte, yu likely will have t lk up many wrds. Please cnsult the print r nline versin f the Oxfrd dictinary, and d nt rely n Micrsft Wrd s spelling.) a. Fr example, recgnize instead f recgnise as per etc. 2. Hyphenate cmpund wrds accrding t whatever the Oxfrd dictinary suggests. (Again, yu likely will have t lk these up. Please d nt rely n Micrsft Wrd s spelling.) NOTE: Keep riginal spelling in all direct qutes and references. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 9

10 Abbreviatins and Punctuatin f Certain Wrds Use abbreviatins sparingly, stating in full at first use. The Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry (JBI) is an internatinal, peer-reviewed publicatin. healthcare (ne wrd) well-being (hyphenated) U.S. r U.K. is an adjective, nt a nun (e.g., U.S. curts tend t vs. curts in the United States ) CMOS (as f 16 th editin) prefers web, website, web page, , and s frth (with a lwercase w and e ) Exceptin: capitalize Wrld Wide Web and Internet (see CMOS 7.76, 16 th editin). the three Rs; the 1600s (nt the 1600 s); the 1990s (nt the 1990 s); the 80s (nt the 80 s) Abstracts in Other Languages Articles and abstracts must be in English, but the jurnal accepts additinal abstracts in ther languages f the authr s chice. Such abstracts are ptinal and must be prvided by the authrs themselves. Authrs need t certify that they are a faithful translatin f the English riginal, and they must be supplied in Unicde (see fr details), especially if using nn-rman characters. Abstracts in ther languages will carry the fllwing disclaimer: Drug Names This abstract is prvided by the authr(s) and is fr cnvenience f the users nly. The authr certifies that the translatin faithfully represents the versin in English, which is the published Abstract f recrd and is the nly Abstract t be used fr reference and citatin. Drugs shuld be referred t by their generic, nt their prprietary, names. Punctuatin Cmmas Use the serial cmma thrughut (except when it is nt used in the riginal text f direct qutatins r in titles cited in references). Cmmas always g inside qutatins marks. Perids I bught sugar, flur, and milk at the stre. He likes apples, macarni and cheese, and quina. When asked abut the cncept f infrmed cnsent, the patient indicated she had never heard f this term. Perids always g inside qutatin marks. Ellipses When asked abut the cncept f infrmed cnsent, the patient said she did nt understand this term. Add a space befre and after an ellipsis. Semiclns Here is an example f an ellipsis. D nt capitalize the first wrd after a semicln. Clns Biethics is interdisciplinary; hwever, it is rted in Capitalize the first wrd after a cln if it is a prper name r the cln intrduces a series f sentences r questins (see CMOS 6.64). The key t NGO success: genuine internatinal wrk. The recessin has hit hard: five banks failed tday. Sme biethicists have earned star-status: Arthur Caplan ften is interviewed by natinal news media. Biethicists have several chices: Shuld we be relegated t reactinary rles? Or shuld we secure the barn dr befre the hrse has run wild? Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 10

11 Hyphens Hyphenate phrasal adjectives (see CMOS 7.90). a dg-eat-dg cmpetitin nineteenth-century sng-and-dance numbers A well-trained athlete is essential fr any team. He was a well-runded student. Scientists have engaged in a century-ld debate. D nt hyphenate when mdifier cmes after the verb. Mark is an athlete wh is well trained. The neighburhd is middle class. D nt hyphenate if phrase begins with an -ly wrd. Dashes a sharply wrded reprimand but a nt-s-sharply-wrded reprimand D nt add spaces befre r after en- and em-dashes. En-dashes are slightly lnger than hyphens; em-dashes are slightly lnger than en-dashes. Use en-dashes fr duratin (date, time, and page spans). The years were prsperus. The cnference will take place April Please see pages fr detailed infrmatin. Use em-dashes fr accentuated appsitives (i.e., text dashes). In the histry f philsphy, it is clear that nt everyne has been thught equally capable r capable at all f reasning. Single Qutatins Marks (Apstrphes) Use smart single qutatin marks (i.e., curved apprpriately t the right r the left). Use apstrphes fr abbreviatins where applicable. Use single qutatin marks within qutatins. The 60s r the 1960s (nt the 60 s r the 1960 s) but She minded her Ps and Qs. This is the bi-part sul t which the narratr refers Duble Qutatin Marks Use smart duble qutatin marks (rather than nn-curved qutatin marks). Use duble qutatin marks thrughut a manuscript (except fr apstrphes and qutes within a nn-blck qute). Place cmmas and perids inside qutatin marks. Place clns, semiclns, questins marks, and exclamatin pints utside qutatin marks, unless a questin mark r exclamatin pint frms part f the quted matter. Place qutatins less than frty (40) wrds in qutatin marks. In Dupin, there is a peculiar analytic ability (Pe 1989, 9). Blck Qutatins Fr qutatins frty (40) wrds in length r lnger. D nt use qutatin marks; Place in a new paragraph; Indent the entire paragraph n each side; and Use duble qutatin marks fr direct qutes within the blck (if there are any). Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 11

12 Numbers Numbers and Ordinals (spelled ut) Spell ut numbers and rdinals zer thrugh ne hundred. Hyphenate twenty-ne thrugh ninety-nine; all thers leave pen. The party included eight peple. The ninth century; the twenty-first century Rbert stle secnd base at the tp f the eighth inning. Three new parking lts will prvide spaces fr 540 cars. Spell ut an apprximate number if it can be expressed succinctly. Nearly a thusand, half a millin, abut fur hundred The building is three hundred years ld. A millennium is a perid f ne thusand years. An estimated fifty millin Americans lack insurance. Spell ut fractins standing alne. A tw-thirds majrity is required. Of the participants, abut a third had stage-fur breast cancer. Spell ut numbers, n matter hw large, when they begin sentences. One hundred and ten candidates were accepted. Exceptin: 1999 was a very gd year. Numbers and Ordinals (in figures) Use figures fr numbers and rdinals abve ne hundred. The ppulatin f ur village nw stands at 5,893. The city s ppulatin is abut 575,000. She fund herself in 125th psitin ut f 360. Use 21 millin, nt 21,000,000 (dn t carry beynd tw decimals) In the United States, millin individuals lack insurance. Percentages Except at the beginning f a sentence, percentages are usually expressed in numerals with the wrd per cent spelled ut. Of the participants, 36 per cent had stage-fur breast cancer. With per cent f the wrk cmplete, we can relax. Fifty per cent f marriages end in divrce. Avid successive numerals in a single expressin. Rephrase the sentence if lng numbers are awkward. fifteen six-inch bards Sums f Mney $3; US$22.5 billin; 39 millin; C$300; NZ$749 Time f Day and Years Her day begins at five clck. Her day begins at 5 a.m. The meeting cntinued until half past three. The meeting began at 9:45 a.m. and was adjurned by nn. The 1890s marked a crucial time in U.S. law. Secnd Wave Feminism began in the 60s. May 26, 2008, was a sad day fr film buffs. On Nvember 5, McManus declared victry. By the twenty-fifth, mst f his supprters had deserted him. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 12

13 In-Text Citatins Include page numbers fr all direct qutatins. If a surce des nt have page numbers (e.g., a website, etc.), indicate the paragraph number instead: (Smith 1998, 6). Fr lng un-paginated surces, indicate the paragraph number under a specific sectin heading: (Jnes 2004, 3 under Methds ). General Type Example One Authr (Smith 1998) N Date r In Press (Smith n.d.) r (Smith frthcming) Tw Authrs (Smith and Jnes 2000) Three Authrs (Smith, Jnes, and Jhnsn 2007) Fur r Mre Authrs (Smith et al. 1998) Same Authrs, Same Year (Smith and Jnes 2000a, 2000b) Same First Authr, Same Year (Include secndary authrs as needed r add shrtened title in qutatin marks) (Smith, Jnes, et al. 2007) (Smith, Williams, et al. 2007) (Smith et al., Giant Snails, 2007) (Smith et al., Freign Invaders, 2007) Multiple References (Smith 1998, 2001; Jnes 2004) Direct Qutatins Type Example Single Page (Smith 1998, 22) Multiple Pages (Smith 1998, 22 23) Nn-Cnsecutive Pages (Smith 1998, 22 23, 35) Multiple References (Smith 1998, 22; Jnes 2004, 5) Un-Paginated Electrnic Wrk (Smith 1998, 6) (Smith 1998, para. 6) (Smith 1998, under The Battlegrund ) (Jnes 2004, 3 under Methds ) Persnal Cmmunicatin (Jhn Smith, pers. cmm.) Message (Jhn Smith, message t authr, February 28, 2010) Sectin Number (Smith 1998, sec. 24) Equatin (Smith 1998, eq. 87) Vlume Referenced (Smith 1998, vl. 2) Vlume Plus Page (Smith 1998, 2: 345) Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 13

14 References Authrs first names shuld be abbreviated. Only the initials f the first authr shuld cme after the last name; all thers shuld precede last names (see belw). D nt add parentheses arund dates. All titles in references shuld emply Sentence case. D nt add qutatin marks arund jurnal titles. All jurnal references shuld include bth vlume and issue number, and all jurnal titles shuld be spelled ut and cpied verbatim (including a The if that is part f the jurnal s fficial name). Academic Jurnals Type Example One Authr Smith, J.M The rigin f altruism. Nature 393(1): With DOI Friedman, J.W., and C. Mezzetti Learning in games by randm sampling. Jurnal f Ecnmic Thery 98(1): di: / Authrs Bdenheimer, T., K. Grumbach, and R.A. Berensn A lifeline fr primary care. The New England Jurnal f Medicine 360(26): Authrs Owen, G.S., G. Szmuckler, G. Richardsn, et al Mental capacity and psychiatric inpatients: Implicatins fr the new mental law in England and Wales. The British Jurnal f Psychiatry 195(3): Online Fanelli, D Hw many scientists fabricate and falsify research? A systematic review and meta-analysis f survey data. PLS One 4(5): e5738. di: /jurnal.pne N Issue Lmis, C.C The structure and sympathy in Jyce s The dead. PMLA 75: Mnth as Issue Seasn as Issue Muldn, D.D Daily life f the muntain rapper. Jurnal f the West 26(March April): Myers, N., and R. Tucker Defrestatin in Central America: Spanish legacy and Nrth American cnsumers. Envirnmental Review 19(Spring): N Vlume Meyervitch, E The Gnstic manuscripts f Upper Egypt. Digenes, n. 25: epub Ahead f Print ten Have, M.T., A. van der Heide, J.P. Mackenbach, and I.D. de Beaufrt An ethical framewrk fr preventin f verweight and besity: A tl fr thinking thrugh a prgramme s ethical aspects. Eurpean Jurnal f Public Health. epub ahead f print, August 8. di: /eurpub/cks052. Frthcming Smith, J., and B. Jnes. Frthcming. Article title ges in here. Jurnal Name 13(2). N Date Cherry, K. N date. Hw t becme a psychlgist. Abut.cm. Accessed April 6, Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 14

15 Public Media Type Newspaper Example Niederkrn, W.S A schlar recants n his Shakespeare discvery. The New Yrk Times, June 20, Arts sectin, Midwest editin, 1a 2a, 4a. Magazine Martin, S Sprts-interview shcker. The New Yrker, May 6, 10 12, 15. Online Reeves, J A weighty issue: Ever-fatter kids. Interview with James Rsen. Time, March Accessed April 3, Unsigned The New Yrk Times In Texas, ad heats up fr race fr gvernr. July 30, 5b. Bk Review Grman, J Endangered species. Review f The last American man, by E. Gilbert. The New Yrk Times Bk Review, June 2, Presentatin Dyle, B Hwling like dgs: Metaphrical language in Psalm 59. Paper presented at the annual internatinal meeting fr the Sciety f Biblical Literature, June 19 22, in Berlin, Germany. Website Ggle Ggle privacy plicy. Last mdified March Accessed June 2, Weblg Psner, R Duble exprts in five years? The Becker-Psner Blg, February Accessed January 11, Cmment Leppek, C The rphanage. Chasicn Blg, cmment psted June Accessed March 20, Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 15

16 Bks Type One Authr Example Dniger, W Splitting the difference: Gender and myth in Ancient Greece and India. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. 2 6 Authrs Laumann, E.O., J.H. Gagnn, R.T. Michael, and S. Michaels The scial rganizatin f sexuality: Sexual practices in the United States. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. 6+ Authrs Churchill, R., P. Fergusn, S. Gdinh, et al Teaching: Making a difference. Sydney: Jhn Wiley & Sns. Multiple Editins Electrnic Online Translated Editr r Translatr as Authr Editr r Translatr with Authr Chapter Preface r Frward Thesis r Dissertatin Kerridge, I., M. Lwe, and C. Stewart Ethics and law fr the health prfessins, 3rd ed. Annandale, NSW: Federatin Press. Austen, J Pride and prejudice, Kindle ed. New Yrk: Penguin Classics. Kurland, P.B., and R. Lerner, eds The funders Cnstitutin. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. Burdieu, P The lgic f practice. Translated by R. Nice. Stanfrd: Stanfrd University Press. Originally published as Les sens pratique (Paris: Les Éditins de Minuit, 1980). Lattimre, R., trans The Iliad f Hmer. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. Bnnefy, Y New and selected pems. Edited by J. Naughtn and A. Rudlf. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. Wiese, A The huse I live in : Race, class, and African American suburban dreams in the pstwar United States. In The new suburban histry, edited by K.M. Kruse and T.J. Sugrue, Chicag: University f Chicag Press. Rieger, J Intrductin t Frankenstein; r, The mdern Prmetheus, by Mary Wllstnecraft Shelley, xi xxxvii. Chicag: University f Chicag Press. Amundin, M Click repetitin rate patterns in cmmunicative sunds frm the harbur prpise, Phcena phcena. PhD dissertatin, Stckhlm University. Jurnal f Biethical Inquiry 16