Wheel Chair with Smart Navigation System and Safety Features

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2 Wheel Chair with Smart Navigatin System and Safety Features Vishvanath Chili #1, L. Hari Hara Brahma #2 Persuing Mtech in Embedded Systems, Assistant Prfessr in Department f ECE in KEC, JNTU, Ananthapur, India ECE,KEC, JNTU, Ananthapur, India Abstract In this Paper We prvide a wheel chair that perates autmatically with a minimal human interactin r based n vice cmmands and is als capable f cmmunicating messages t the distant relatives r ambulance in case f Emergency. This system can be used by Physically challenged r the ld age Peple bth indr and utdr. The prpsed system cmprises f a wheelchair, Vice Recgnitin Mdule, Autmatic navigatin mdule (using RF sensrs ) and Emergency situatin cmmunicating mdule (using GSM and GPS). It s cmmn that the elders and the physically challenged peple find it hard t mve the wheel chair withut anybdy s supprt, By making use f the prpsed system, elderly and the physically challenged can g t different rms in the huse like kitchen, living rm, dining rm etc by just speaking a wrd which is predefined t that particular rm. Accrding t the received vice, the destinatin is autmatically understd and the wheelchair mves accrding t the rute which is predefined r als perates with the turn by turn cmmands and capable f aviding the bstacles. with the use f this system the physically challenged can live the life like nrmal peple with their daily lcmtin t g t ffice, t attend the scial functins etc. Key Wrds wheel chair, vice recgnisatin system,gsm, GPS, bstacle avidance, IR Sensr 1.INTRODUCTION Dependent-user recgnitin vice system, infrared sensr systems and GPS-GSM assembly fr emergency situatins has been integrated in this wheelchair. In this way we have btained a wheelchair which can be driven by using vice cmmands and with the pssibility f aviding bstacles and dwnstairs r hle detectin. II. Literature survey The fficial estimates f disabled persns in India, btained thrugh the latest Ppulatin Census and Natinal Sample Survey Organisatin s cmprehensive surveys n disability, put the figure as abut 21 millin (rughly arund 2 percent f the ppulatin) at the beginning f the new millennium. Hwever, estimates vary acrss surces and a new Wrld Bank Reprt1 n disabled persns in India, has bserved that there is grwing evidence that peple with disabilities cmprise between 5 and 8 per cent f the Indian ppulatin (arund millin individuals). One cmmn cncern is these disabled persns are nwhere cntributing in the develpment prcess f the cuntry, Rather than this even they are nt happy staying alne at hme, Gvernment has intrduced certain plicies t imprve the disability f the peple, but this alne is nt ging t help. Here is the clear idea n the dimensin f disability in India We see lt f peple arund us wh are incapable f mving n their wn, this categry f peple include the ld age, physically challenged r disabled by any ther medical cnditins, these peple always need sme kind f assistance fr their mvement. the wheelchair fr physically disabled peple is prpsed in this paper. A Fig 2.1. Percentage f distributin f disability In this paper we prpse an attempt t help these disabled peple by bringing them int the sciety. 372

3 III. PROBLEM STATEMENT The elderly and the physically challenged peple find it tugh fr lcmtin withut the help f external aid. Studies have shwn that until quite recently disabled peple were scially islated. Whether their cnditin was physical, emtinal r mental, all met the same attitudes. They were kept ff frm scial gatherings because they needed special attentin r peple t take care f them. These miserable cnditins made us think f bringing ut a system which include persnal security features and can be used by these misfrtunate peple s that they can navigate easily and withut external aids. V. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM IV. MOTIVATION There are millins f peple arund us wh have physical disabilities, mst have serius prblems related t mvement. We can change the way they are leading their lives with the use f technlgy that we have, The present high level f technlgy in the electrnic and Rbtic systems permits sme f the mbility prblems suffered by certain peple t be reslved. Electrnics slves the prblems very acceptably fr the users. This is because the electrnics use dis-eminently suitable fr cping with the needs presented. IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM T vercme the prblems faced by the physically challenged and the ld age peple we intrduce a smart navigatin system explained belw. This system can take the persn f interest t different rms in the huse like kitchen, living rm, dining rm etc by just speaking a wrd which is predefined t that particular rm. Accrding t the received vice, the destinatin is autmatically understd and the wheelchair mves accrding t the rute which is predefined r als perates with the turn by turn cmmands and capable f aviding the bstacles. with the use f this system the physically challenged can live the life like nrmal peple with their daily lcmtin t g t ffice, t attend the scial functins etc. Fig 5.1. Blck diagram. 5.1 Hardware Requirements: IR SENSORS: Lane detectin when it is in aut mde Vice recgnitin : Takes the input frm users fr the directins (Manual mde) PUSH BUTTONS: These are used t set destinatins in the aut mde DRIVERS: Used t cntrl the mtr LCD: Easy and simple visual interface PPS and GSM: This is used t send the crdinates t the user thrugh SMS LEDs: Indicatin, lwer, mde, etc. 5.2 Sftware Requirements: mikrc cmpiler/ide Prteus: Design sftware 373

4 VI. SYSTEM OPERATION DETAILS The System supprts tw mdes f peratins, They are 1. Manual Mde f Operatin 2. Autmatic Mde f Operatin Schematic Diagram f the system 8-bit data. In this mde the cmmands that the user can give t ur system are e.g. G Straight Take Right Take Left Take Reverse Halt Help Fig 6.1. Schematic diagram 6.1 MANUAL MODE OF OPERATION It is manual mde the pre-recrded data guides the actin t be taken by the cntrller. The persn f interest cnsidered in this mde f Operatin is the ne wh can at least speak, i.e He may be either a Old age persn r a physically Handicap persn HM2007 The vice f the disabled persn is recgnized by the Vice recgnitin device, the vice recgnitin device used here is HM2007. This device is can be trained t receive the vice cmmands f Particular user, this received vice cmmands are sent t the cntrller in the frm f These cmmands are passed t the PIC micrcntrller thrugh the RF medium RF Mdule The RF mdule, as the name suggests, perates at Radi Frequency. The crrespnding frequency range varies between 30 khz & 300 GHz. In this RF system, the digital data is represented as variatins in the amplitude f carrier wave. The given cmmand is prcessed in the HM2007, This prcessed cmmand is then transmitted t the PIC micrcntrller thrugh the RF medium as a 8 bit digital data PIC-18F452 Micrcntrller This is a pwerful, yet easy-t-prgram CMOS FLASH-based 8-bit micrcntrller which is available in a 40 pin package and is upwards cmpatible with the PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX, PIC16CXX and PIC17CXX devices and thus prviding a seamless migratin path f sftware cde t higher levels f hardware integratin. This Micrcntrller receives the data frm HM2007 vice mdule and prcesses with the help f the sftware prgram and gives the cmmands t DC mtrs t cntrl the mtrs in turn the mvement f the wheel chair system DC mtrs A DC Mtr in simple wrds is a device that cnverts direct current(electrical energy) int mechanical energy, We have prvided tw mtrs thrugh which the wheel chair mvement is 374

5 driven. These mtrs are driven with 12 vlts prvided by the drivers LCD Display A 16 2 Character LCD is a very basic LCD mdule which is cmmnly used in electrnics prjects and prducts. It cntains 2 rws that can display 16 characters. Each character is displayed using 5 8 r 5 10 dt matrix. It can be easily interfaced with a micrcntrller. We used this LCD Display t indicate the current state f wheel chair system, e.g. Frward, Reverse, Right, Left Mvement etc. als it is used t indicate the mde f peratin i.e. Aut mde r the Manual mde f peratin. VII. RESULTS The hardware setup f the prpsed system is shwn belw, Figure 7.1 shws the Vice mdule that the user uses t give the vice cmmands GSM (SIM-900) and GPS mdules (Emergency) These mdules are used t in the system t help the user in case f emergency, Where in We cmmunicate the emergency situatin t the relatives f the user f the system r the Ambulance etc. This is achieved by sending the lcatin parameters t as an SMS. Here When the user gives the cmmand as Emergency, We immediately capture the GPS parameters such as Lngitude and Latitude and send them as an SMS using SIM-900 t the abve any pre mentined cntacts numbers, these numbers are preprgrammed int the sftware. Fig 7.1. Vice Mdule Figure 7.2. shws the prttype f the prpsed system. 6.2 MANUAL MODE OF OPERATION This mde f peratin is develped fr the individuals f interest t use the system indrs, specially int the huse, Hspitals etc. Here in this case a keybard can be prvided t the user, using which he can just press a key t g t the desired destinatin, the destinatin in this case can be a bedrms, hall etc IR sensrs We have achieved the Manual mde f peratin with the help f the tw IR sensrs, ne IR sensr keeps checking whether the destinatin is reached r nt And the secnd IR sensr is used in the Obstacle avidance. Real time testing is carried ut with the prttype f the prpsed system, We culd train the vice mdule fr a individual users vice cmmands. Recrded cmmands were spken in vice mde say Mve straight, the vice mdule detected these cmmands and the 8-bit utput frm the vice mdule is transmitted t the wheel chair system frm the RF transmitter. RF Receiver received the 8-bit data, this data was prcessed in the PIC micrcntrller and the apprpriate actin was taken, e.g. system culd mve based n the vice cmmands. We als tested the system in the Autmatic mde, where in the system culd g t the preset destinatin, Obstacle avidance was als tested. 375

6 Fig 7.2. Prttype f system VIII. CONCLUSION We have develped a prttype f the smart wheelchair navigatin system which is capable f perating indrs as well as utdrs. The system perates n a battery and driven by the vice recgnitin system in the manual mde and by IR assembly with the sftware in the Autmatic mde. And the GPS and GSM help in cmmunicating the emergency situatin t the distant relatives, Ambulance etc. We are trying t develped a device which culd make a handicap ne independent and can prvide extreme ease in his life. Fr a persn n need t rely n ther fr his day t day wrk by using this prject. There are several barriers that must be vercme befre smart wheelchairs can becme widely used. A significant technical issue is the cst versus accuracy. prject invlves the electrnic circuits, the hardware designing & sftware knwledge. Autmated wheelchair can be used t help handicapped peple, especially thse wh are nt able t mve. IX. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS The wheel chair navigatin system can be enhanced t a Standing wheelchair, standing wheel chair is the ne that supprts the user in a nearly standing psitin. They can be used as bth a wheelchair and a standing frame, allwing the user t sit r stand in the wheelchair as they wish. They can g frm sitting t standing with a hydraulic pump r electric-pwered assist. With this enhancement user can extend his access level, can get relief by changing the sitting psitins which imprves the quality f life. X. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We sincerely thank Dr. G.N. Kdanda Ramaiah, HOD ECE,KEC, Mr Harihara Brahma, Assistant Prfessr, KEC, Mr. Venkata Ramana, Assistant Prfessr, Mr. Bhaskar Reddy, Assistant Prfessr KEC, and the Staff members f ECE Dept.KEC, family members, and friends,ne and all wh helped us t make this paper successful. REFERENCES [1] Special Needs and Daily living Special needs Slutins fr all. [2]. Ase brandt, Susanne iwarssn and Agneta sta, "Older Peple s Use f Pwered Wheelchairs fr Activity And Participatin, Taylr and Francis health Sciences [3]. Ren C. Lu, Tse Min Chen, Chi-Yang Hu, and Zu Hung Hsia, Adaptive Intelligent Assistance Cntrl f Electrical Wheelchairs by Grey-Fuzzy Decisin-Making Algrithm, Prceedings f the 1999 IEEE Internatinal Cnference n Rbtics & Autmatin Detrit, Michigan May ABOUT AUTHORS [1] Mr.Vishvanath Chili received the B.E degree frm VTU, Belgaum, Karnataka and currently persuing M.Tech with Embedded Systems specializatin in KEC, Chittr Dist, A.P, India. His Interested areas are Aerspace, Embedded and Electrnics. [2] Mr.Harihara Brahma is wrking as a Assistant Prfessr in Dept. f ECE, KEC, Kuppam, Chittr Dist, A.P, and India. His interested areas are Embedded systems and Cmmunicatin Systems. He taught several subjects fr under graduate and pst graduate students. 376