Foundations of Technology

Transcription

1 EXAM INFORMATION Items 70 Pints 70 Prerequisites NONE Grade Level 9-10 Curse Length ONE SEMESTER DESCRIPTION is an actin-based engineering and technlgy educatinal curse emphasizing design and prblem-slving techniques, and understanding the fllwing technical systems: cmmunicatin, electrical, fluid, mechanical, and structural. In this curse, students develp an understanding f hw these systems evlved, are utilized, and the significance that they have in ur histry and nw. Career Cluster MANUFACTURING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS Perfrmance Standards INCLUDED Certificate Available YES EXAM BLUEPRINT STANDARD PERCENTAGE OF EXAM 1- Imprtance f Technlgy 16% 2- Basic Technlgical System Mdel 14% 3- Design Principles 14% 4- Design/Prblem Slving Prcess 21% 5- Resurces, Tls, Materials, and Prcesses 13% 6- Prperties f Systems 22%

2 STANDARD 1 STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY AND HOW IT IMPACTS OUR LIVES Students will recgnize that technlgy is hw humans mdify the wrld arund them t meet their needs and wants r t slve prblems and extend their capability. Students will describe and cmpare the relatinships f technlgy and science. Students will explain bth psitive and negative impacts f technlgy n ur sciety, envirnment, and ecnmy. Ethical implicatins will als be described. Standard 1 Perfrmance Evaluatin included belw (Optinal) STANDARD 2 STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THE COMPONENTS OF THE BASIC TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM MODEL Students will identify hw cmmunicatin, electrical, fluid, mechanical, and structural systems may be used in these seven areas: cmmunicatin, cnstructin, manufacturing, transprtatin, bimedical, agriculture, pwer, and energy. Students will describe the basic technlgical system mdel, which includes input, prcess, utput, and feedback. Students will identify the technlgical system inputs (resurces) as materials, time, energy, tls/machines, capital, infrmatin, and human resurces. They will discuss management strategies f resurces including the fllwing: reducing, recycling, reusing, and renewing resurces. Students will identify and explain the three majr types f prcesses fr technlgical systems as prblem slving/design, prductin, and management. Students will recgnize and be able t discuss system utputs as having desirable and undesirable, intended and unintended, and immediate and delayed aspects. Standard 2 Perfrmance Evaluatin included belw (Optinal) STANDARD 3 STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND AND APPLY PRINCIPLES IN DEVELOPING A PROCESS, PRODUCT, OR SYSTEM Students will understand and apply design principles including the fllwing: structure, functin, appearance, safety, durability, reliability, ecnmic and financial feasibility, marketability, quality cntrl, envirnmental impacts, manufacturability, maintainability, and human factrs f engineering (ergnmics), ease f use, ease f assembly, scial apprpriateness. Students will classify technlgies as inventins r innvatins. They will als be able t identify hw technlgical innvatins are created r enhanced thrugh cnnectins t ther fields f study. Students will understand the cncepts and value f planned failure, durable gds, and nndurable gds. Students will assess trade-ffs in terms f the utputs f technlgical systems. They will als be able t analyze trade-ffs in ptimizing prduct design. Precisin Exams Page 2

3 STANDARD 4 STUDENTS WILL DESCRIBE AND APPLY THE BASIC STEPS IN THE DESIGN/PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS 1. STAGE 1: PROBLEM STATEMENT AND DESIGN BRIEF 2. STAGE 2: INVESTIGATION AND RESEARCH 3. STAGE 3: GENERATE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS 4. STAGE 4: CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION 5. STAGE 5: MODELING AND PROTOTYPING 6. STAGE 6: TEST AND EVALUATE Objective 6 Objective 7 Objective 8 Students will utilize briefs and specificatins (criteria and cnstraints) in rder t maximize a slutin in their design wrk. Students will differentiate between a prblem/pprtunity and a slutin. Students will investigate and research data that will be useful in develping a design slutin using a variety f mediums, which may include the fllwing: interview, Internet, databases, bks, magazines, vide, bservatin, measurement, and surveys. Students will brainstrm and creatively generate a multitude f pssible slutins t the stated prblem r pprtunity. Students will analyze ptential slutins based n design principles (see standard 3) and make a decisin as t the best slutin. Students will implement the chsen slutin. They will develp and cmmunicate their design using technical sketching and/r drawing techniques, make graphical, mathematical and/r physical mdels and prttypes. Students will test their design fr features such as durability, ease f assembly, reliability, strength, envirnmental impact, quality, safety and ther design principles (see standard 3). Students will prepare an evaluatin f the design prduct. This shuld include an evaluatin f the prduct, the prcess, and themselves. Students will present their slutin in a prfessinal manner using a prtfli, which may include engineering drawings, psters, mdels, pwer pint presentatins, web site, r ther apprpriate methds. Standard 4 Perfrmance Evaluatin included belw (Optinal) STANDARD 5 STUDENTS WILL USE RESOURCES, TOOLS, MATERIALS, AND PROCESSES SAFELY AND EFFICIENTLY Students will fllw general labratry safety practices. Students will fllw specific equipment safety practices. Students will identify ptential safety hazards and make apprpriate precautins r crrectins. Students will be able t describe manufacturing prcesses fr changing materials, which are casting and mlding, frming, separating, cnditining, assembling, and finishing. Students will use tls, equipment, materials, and prcesses t prduce a wrking mdel r prttype f a slutin t a technical prblem. Precisin Exams Page 3

4 Standard 5 Perfrmance Evaluatin included belw (Optinal) STANDARD 6 STUDENTS WILL IDENTIFY COMPONENTS AND PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH COMMUNICATION, ELECTRICAL, MECHANICAL, FLUID, AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS Objective 6 Objective 7 Objective 8 Objective 9 Students will be able t cmmunicate an idea graphically using sketches, ismetric drawings, rthgraphic drawings, schematics, charts, and graphs using either sketching mechanical drawing r cmputer-aided design (CAD) techniques. Students will define and explain the fllwing electrnic terms and cncepts: electricity, electrnics, cnductr, insulatr, semi-cnductr, series circuit and parallel circuit, vltage, and resistance. Students will assemble an electrnic circuit. They will understand the use f schematics, functin f basic electrnic cmpnents, and electrnic measurement. Students will define and explain the characteristics f mechanical system functins being that f changing speed, pwer, distance, and directin and apply them in mechanical systems. Students will assemble a mechanical system using gears, pulleys, and levers. They will understand the basic cmpnents f mechanical cmpnents and be able t calculate mechanical advantage. Students will define and explain advantages and disadvantages f pneumatic versus hydraulic systems (i.e., quick, slw, pwerful, clean, dirty, cst, etc.). They will understand the cncept f fluid pwer as it relates t air and liquid. Students will assemble a fluid pwer system. Students will understand the functin f the basic fluid pwer cmpnents: pump, tank, valve, cylinder, pistn, and actuatr and be able t calculate pressure and frce in the system. Students will be able t define and explain basic structural terminlgy including cmpressin, tensin, trsin, stress, strain, triangulatin, static lad, and dynamic lad. Students will assemble a structural system. Precisin Exams Page 4

5 Perfrmance Standards (Optinal) Perfrmance assessments may be cmpleted and evaluated at any time during the curse. The fllwing perfrmance skills are t be used in cnnectin with the assciated standards and exam. T pass the perfrmance standard the student must attain a perfrmance standard average f 8 r higher n the rating scale. Students may be encuraged t repeat the bjectives until they average 8 r higher. Students Name Class STANDARD 1 Imprtance f Technlgy Research a technlgical tpic using multiple surces and present yur findings Internet CDROM Persnal Interviews Bks STANDARD 2 Basic Technlgical System Mdel Build a mdel r prttype f a prduct applying design principles: Flexibility Balance Functin Prprtin Safety Ecnmic cnsideratins Manufacturability Reliability Quality Cntrl Ergnmics STANDARD 4 Design/Prblem Slving Prcess Prepare and give a technlgical presentatin f a prduct, prcess, r system in a prfessinal manner Oral presentatin with visuals PwerPint Vide Precisin Exams Page 5

6 CD-ROM prtfli cllectin Prduct display Participate in a team activity and identify advantages f cllabratin STANDARD 5 Resurces, Tls, and Materials Demnstrate the safe and prper use f basic prductin and equipment Demnstrate the prper peratin and care f cmputer hardware, sftware, and peripherals PERFORMANCE STANDARD AVERAGE SCORE: Precisin Exams Page 6