A new approach to protection of railway feeders and contact lines

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3 A new apprach t prtectin f railway feeders and cntact lines At the limits f capacity The basic and mst imprtant functin in line prtectin is always the clearing f pwer system faults, whereby the faulty sectin is discnnected frm the netwrk. In many cases, transmissin ~stems fr railway netwr~ perate at the limits f their technical capacity. A fault in an imprtant part can have severe cnsequences fr the system as a whle if the ttal fault clearing time is t lng. Tp pririty is given t reducing the risk f lss f stability, and in this cntext, the minimum perating time fr a prtectin device is a vital piece f data. Hwever, the maximum pssible perating time and the breaker perating time are the mst imprtant items f infrmatin and are in fact the nly relevant cnsideratin when discussing system stability when faults arise. Increased risk f interference The demands impsed n prtective devices fr 162/3 Hz feeders and cntact verhead lines in railway systems are determined by the characteristics f the pwer unit, lcmtive r railcar drive system, and by the characteristics and peratin f the pwer supply, fr example whether dealing with static r mving cnverters. New types f high-speed train and mrf pwerful tractive tillits may cause excessive current peaks. ue t reinfrcement and meshing f the railway netwrk, shrt-circuit currents als increase. Bth circumstances, unacceptable high-iad currents and high shrt-circuit currents, must be detected prmptly and cut ut f the netwrk t prevent damage t the verhead lines r, in a wrst-case scenari, burning f these lines. Such quick detectin and prmpt actin helps reduce the amunt f line disruptin and its duratin. igital prtectin satisfies the stringent requirements placed n effective prtectin f railway netwrks. A multitude f prtectin systems The 500 Series line prtectin system has established a new cncept in prtectin f 50 and 60 Hz pwer systems by ffering a variety f prtectin cnfiguratins. They can be cmbined with fibre-ptic sensrs t achieve maximum perfrmance with minimum cmprmise in different netwrk and line cnfiguratins. Expanding the 500 Series, ABB Netwrk Partner AB nw ffers a new line prtectin terminal, the REL 517, fr prtectin f railway transmissin and cntact lines. The REL 517 is the result f the vast knwledge gained in the develpment f the current 500 Series prducts and the past decade's experience frm the manufacture f railway transmissin line prtectin systems. The railway pwer supply system includes tw types f pwer lines: -cntact lines (single-cn.. -supply lines (single and tw-cnductr system) REL 517 can prtect bth types at system vltages frm 10 t 130 (300) kv, and is applicable fr bth verhead lines and undergrund cables.

4 The characteristic f the distance prtectin system's znes. Each zne can be selected at will -frwards, reverse r nndirectinal. istance prtectin The main prtectin facility in REL 517 is a full scheme distance prtectin device featuring three impedance measuring wnes with quadrilateral characteristic. The settings fr each wne are 6xed entirely independendy with regard t:.reactive and resistive reach.earth return cmpensatin factr.directinality f all znes Scheme cmmunicatin lgic is available fr the distance prtectin device. The lgic is user-prgrammable t perrnit applicatins fr permissible verreach and underreach schemes as weil as blcking schemes. Sudden current ch ange In railway systems it is smetimes difficult t distinguish between a fault and an accelerating train. In bth cases the impedance might enter int the time-delayed znes. The difference between the tw can be distinguished by the sudden current change functin which perates fr faults bur nt fr lads caused by the train. Thermal verlad T prevent the line frm being verheated, a thermal verlad functin can be included. Since the maximum allwable lad -and therefre als the line's abslute temperature -is a functin f ambient temperature, it is pssible t cmpensate fr this. Earth fault vercurrent prtectin The directinal r nn-directinal earth fault vercurrent prtectin system perates as a cmplementary functin t distance prtectin. The earth fault vercurrent prtectin is available with definite r inverse time delay. Measurements in frward and reverse directin are evaluated separatdy. Cmmunicatin schemes independent f the distance prtectin are integrated. Current measurement can be stabilised by a secnd harmnic cmpnent. Aut-reclsing A multisht aut-reclsing system with up t fur prgrammable shts and six different reclsing prgrams is available. Fault lcatr The highly accurate fault lcatr is based n a weil-prven algrithm which has lng been used in 50 and 60 Hz systems. Phasrs f line currents and vlrages are recrded fr prefault and fault cnditins fr the last three disturbances. These phasrs can be read bth lcally and remtely. Event recrding A cmplete set f signals fr the last three disturbances is stred in the internal memry. Up t 150 time-tagged events are available fr each recrded disturbance, with a time reslutin f I ms. Service values Service values f current, vl tage, active and reactive pwer and frequency are available as weil as all actual binary input values and all internallgical signals. isturbance recrder A minimum los f ttal recrding time is available fr up t 5 analgue and 20 binary signals. The memry is retained even if the auxiliary vltage is discnnected. The evaluating sftware, REVAL, perates under MS Windws. Remte cmmunicatin REL 517 can cmmunicate with SCS (Substatin Cntri Systems) and/r SMS (Substatin Mnitring Systems) via Olle r two cmmunicatin prts. Cmmunicatin is based n the SPA r LON cmrnunicatin prtcl. Jt may be used fr remte mnitring purpses, including setting and reading f all available parameters. Setting grups Fur independent grups f setting parameters are available t adapt the prtectin system t changes in nerwrk cnditins. The active setting grup can be selected with the aid f a man-machine cmmunicatin unit, a persnal cmputer (PC) r binary inputs.

5 Functinality The structure f REL 517 is based n the multi-prcessr principle, where ptins are added in separate signal prcessrs. As a result, the number f ptins included des nt affect the perating time f the prtectin functin. All ptins are handled by dedicated signal prcessrs which execute in parallel with the distance measurement prcessrs. All binary inputs are freely prgrammable fr different functins. The binary utputs are als fredy prgrammable s that any internal binary signal can be cnnected t any utput relay. Each binary input and internallgical signal can als be prgrammed t lgical O r l. This feature makes it pssible t test functins within the terminal and in the prtected bay. The current service values fr all binary inputs and internallgical signals are available lcally and remtely. Tlffie synchrnizatin f the internal clck is pssible by means f cmmunicatin via the Substatin CntrI System r the Substatin Mnitring System, r by hard-wired minute pulse synchrnizatin via the binary input. Hardware characteristics REL 517 is built int a case measuring 3/4 f a 19" rack width and 6U height. Electrical cnnectins are made by screw terminals at the rear. A COMBITEST test switch is available n request. The basic versin has twelve utput cntacts and eight binary inputs. Additinal binary inputs and utput cntacts are available. Lcal Man-Machine-lnterface REL 517 has a built in man-machine-interface (MM!) unit cmmn t all functins with a fur-line LC and three LEs. The infrmatin is presented in a functinally structured menu tree. A separate ptical frnt cnnectin fr a PC is included. The infrmatin in the PC is the same as that btained via the Substatin CntrI System r the Substatin Mnitring System. Platfrm related functins Self supervisin and self diagnstic External time synchrnizatin Fur grups f setting parameters isturbance verview Lcal Man-Machine-lntertace (als by means f PC) (MMI) Custmer cnfiguratin pssibilities Remte cmmunicatin with in the SMS Remte cmmunicatin with in the SCS AdditinaiiiO istance prtectin units Three distance prtectin znes Sudden change in current Autmatic switch nt fault lgic Lcal acceleratin lgic Scheme cmmunicatin lgic Earth fault prtectin fr slid ly earthed netwrks Nn-directinal earth fault vercurrent prtectin irectinal earth fault vercurrent prtectin irectinal earth fault vercurrent prtectin Additinal prtectin functins Breaker failure prtectin Thermal verlad prtectin Overcurrent prtectin -time delayed Instantaneus vercurrent prtectin Under-vltage and ver..vltage prtectin Fuse failure supervisin... Autmatic and cntri functins Change f active setting grup via binary inputs. Restricted setting via lcal MMI unit. Multisht aut-reclsing Mnitring functins Mean values f measured quantities. Service va lues f all internai digital signals. Fault lcatr with current and vltage phasrs Event recrder isturbance recrder basic functin ptinal functin REL 517 Line Prtectin Terminal fr Railway Feeders and Cntact Lines Built-in man-machineinterface (MMI:' unit fr REL

6 The intelligent substatin The cmmunicatin philsphy in the intelligent substatin is f paramunt imprtance in prviding the right infrmatin t the right persn at the right time, and in a reliable war. Fr this reasn the terminals in the 500 series can be equipped with tw remte cmmunicatin prts which perate independently f each ther, ffering simultaneus cmmunicatin with bth the Substatin Cntri System and the Substatin Mnitring System. The Substatin Cntri and Substatin Mnitring systems enable bth perating persnnel in their cntti centres and relay engineers in their ffices t read infrmatin frm the terminal and change active setting grups as weil as individual setting parameters within the setting grups. A sftware prgram instalied in a persnal cmputer enables the felar engineer t cmmunicate with the prtectin system via the telephne netwrk, read infrmatin frm the relay n a PC screen, and stre such infrmatin in PC files. Cmplete infrmatin cvering the last ten disturbances is available as weil as 150 timetagged events. Operatrs in their cntri rms and/r cntri centres have similar functins at their cmmand, when ne cmmunicatin prt is cnnected t the SPA (r LON) bus within the SCS system. Infrmatin frm the terminals can prvide an instant verview f the prtectin system and the prcess, revealing data such as instantaneus current, vltage, pwer -bth active and reactive -and frequency readuts. It is pssible t access the disturbance recrd files remtely and dwnlad them via the substatin mnitring system (SMS) by using SMSBASE. Evaluatin f the disturbance recrds is pssible by means f a PC-based evaluatr prgram. All cmmunicatin is perfrmed by means f fibre-ptic cables in rder nt t jepardise the perfrmance f the prtectin terminals, because afrer all, prtectin is the majr issue. tin, that is t say sub-statin cntri systems (SCS) r substatin mlnitring systems (SMS) al lied t lcal MMI, cmplement each ther t take care f different needs within the PYRAMI structure. All cmmunicatin takes place via fibre-ptics s as t avid jepardising the functin f the prtectin terminals.

7 J Technical data REL 517 ). Infrmatin abut ther ABB Netwrk Pal1ner AB prducts mentirled in this brchure can be btained in ur catalgue. Please cntact us if yu wuld like a cpy. 7

8 Panrama is the ABB slutin fr efficient and reliable management f pwer netwrks. Panrama stands fr an pen view in all directins, utilizing innvative infrmatin technlgy. Panrama enables the user t always be in perfect cntrl f the pwer prcess, frm generatin t cnsumptin. Panrama is the cmplete cncept fr tday and fr the future, frm ABB Netwrk Partner. ABB Netwrk Partner AB Västerås 8weden Tel Fax Internet: ABB Netwrk Partner