Draft AMI Use Case: D2 - Distribution Engineering or Operations optimize network based on data collected by the AMI system 04/13/06

Transcription

1 Draft AMI Use Case: D2 - Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n data cllected by the AMI system 04/13/06 Authr: Bb Yinger Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 1 f 35

2 Cntents Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram 1. Use Case Descriptin Use Case Title Use Case Summary Use Case Detailed Narrative Business Rules and Assumptins Actrs Step by Step analysis f each Scenari Primary Scenari: Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n vltage Rt Mean Square (RMS) Variatin infrmatin at the custmer site Steps fr this scenari Primary Scenari: Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n harmnics data cllected by the AMI system Steps fr this scenari Primary Scenari: Capacitr Bank Cntrller (CBC) uses the AMI infrastructure t ptimize custmer vltage/pwer Steps fr this scenari Primary Scenari: Distributin Cntrl and Mnitring System (DCMS) recnfigures feeder after a fault. (Refer Diagram) Steps fr this scenari Alternate Scenari Steps fr this scenari Requirements Functinal Requirements Nn-functinal Requirements Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 2 f 35

3 4.3 Business Requirements Use Case Mdels (ptinal) Infrmatin Exchange Diagrams Use Case Issues Glssary References Bibligraphy (ptinal) Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 3 f 35

4 1. Use Case Descriptin 1.1 Use Case Title Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n data cllected by the AMI system 1.2 Use Case Summary Optimizing the netwrk invlves issues with feeder lading, vltage prfile, efficiency, reliability and quality. The utility uses feedback frm the AMI system t bth imprve custmer pwer quality and reduce distributin csts t the utility. Pssible AMI utputs include average vltage at custmer site, vltage variatins seen by the custmer, pwer cnsumptin by time interval, harmnics (vltage and/r current), pwer prductin by custmer-supplied distributed generatin, and custmer pwer factr. Pssible uses fr this data include warning letter issued t custmers (if they are adversely impacting the netwrk), feeder capacitr bank switching, transfrmer vltage tap switching, input t lad frecasting mdels (bth shrt- and lng-term), feeder harmnic filter cntrllers, and feeder switching decisins. This scenari als includes addressing pwer quality cntract cmpliance as a sub-scenari. This scenari includes ptins fr bth real-time mnitring & cntrl, and ff-line analysis f histrical data t determine system ptimizatin ptins as sub-scenaris. This scenari als includes using the AMI cmmunicatins netwrk t prvide cnnectivity t distributin system devices (e.g. IEDs / RTUs, sensrs, fault indicatrs, etc.) in additin t, r instead f the measurement infrmatin frm the custmer meter as a sub-scenari. The ubiquitus nature and lw cst f an AMI system prvide many pprtunities fr autmatin within the distributin grid that are nt ecnmically feasible with bespke systems. The revenue meters in an AMI slutin can be cnfigured t cllect infrmatin at a detail level and at a scale nt currently feasible. Signature analysis dne n cllected Pwer Quality Data culd help detect grid prblems befre they becme acute and result in utages r equipment failure. By mving intelligence ut int the grid enabled with AMI cmmunicatins and the ability t interact with AMI devices, the netwrk can practively ptimize it self. An example f this is the Capacitr Bank cntrl. Existing systems are triggered by the vltage at the CBC and are set by experience t activate based n a best guess f endpint vltage frm surveys and histry. The reality is that the level f respnse is highly dependent n the characteristics f the lad and the distance f the lad frm the feeder riginatin. Feeder recnfiguratin, variances f lad surce (e.g. time f day n a feeder that services a mixed residential and light industrial custmer base) and ther factrs can make these preset respnse values less than ptimal. Using AMI, CBC s can either query a subset f bellwether meters based n trigger vltages at the bank, r they can be set up t receive vltage levels frm thse meter peridically during the day. The CBC can base it decisins n the endpint vltage. This ffers the benefit f enhanced vltage cntrl resulting in: Imprved circuit efficiency Lss reductin Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 4 f 35

5 Energy savings By pushing the intelligence even further ut in the netwrk and leveraging the AMI cmmunicatin netwrk, the system is capable f being even mre respnsive. The scenari chsen fr this shwcases Remte Circuit switches interacting with Remte Fault Indicatrs t recnfigure the feeder in respnse t a nn transient fault. This enhanced capability brings with it the need t cmmunicate with elements f the system when their assciated grid cmpnents may be de-energized, but withut the nging cmmunicatins thrughut the fault, the cmplexities f srting ut reclser, sectinalizer and fuse timings becmes cnsiderably mre cmplex. With cmmunicatins between energized and nn energized elements the system culd try several slutins befre giving up, thereby reducing the number f custmers affected and reducing the labr required t restre service. On a brader scale, there are a number f places in the distributin system where mnitring infrmatin will allw fr cnditin based maintenance (e.g. transfrmers, switches, capacitrs). Only maintaining equipment when it is needed will result in lwer capital expenditures fr equipment replacement and will imprve system reliability by aviding unexpected failures. Tday, the cst f cmmunicatins keeps this frm happening t any large extent. Implementatin f a cmmunicatins system fr AMI will put in place a lw-cst path fr btaining this infrmatin. 1.3 Use Case Detailed Narrative When measuring vltage and current at a custmer site these base measurements can be used t calculate many relevant pwer system data values that can serve as input t existing and new pwer system applicatins. Optimizing the behavir f the pwer system invlves many issues related t feeder lading, vltage prfiles, efficiency, reliability, quality and thers. Using the infrmatin that an AMI system can prvide, in additin t already existing systems, may imprve the quality and efficiency f netwrk ptimizatin. These cases shall be investigated and defined as part f this use case. Pwer system applicatins exist in many varieties. The mst imprtant nes that can benefit frm infrmatin prvided by the AMI system and that can use the AMI system t imprve their perfrmance include: Lss Analysis Fault Lcatin, Islatin and Service Restratin Cntingency Analysis Feeder Recnfiguratin Lad shedding and lad curtailment Prtectin Re-crdinatin Vltage and VAR Cntrl Pre-arming f Remedial Actin Schemes Intelligent Alarm Prcessing Transfrmer vltage regulatin Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 5 f 35

6 Lad frecasting and state estimatin Autmatic feeder and capacitr bank switching Pwer Quality Mnitring and Reprting Pwer Quality Cntract Cmpliance Pssible AMI utputs n behalf f these functins include: real time vltage real time current pwer cnsumptin by time interval average vltage at custmer site vltage variatins seen by the custmer harmnics (vltage and/r current) pwer prductin by custmer-supplied distributed generatin custmer pwer factr These applicatins can be separated int tw categries n-line and ff-line. The n-line categry can be cnsidered a classificatin f real-time mnitring and cntrl. Examples f this categry include alarming, vlt/var cntrl, and fault lcatin. The ff-line categry invlves evaluatin f infrmatin gathered by the AMI system frm a histrical perspective. Applicatins f this type generally retrieve data frm a data histrian that is peridically ppulated with new data frm the AMI system. Examples f this categry include feeder ptimizatin, lad frecasting, and pwer quality cntract cmpliance. Bth categries include tw alternate sub-scenaris ne where the AMI cmmunicatins infrastructure is utilized t cmmunicate with equipment ther than the custmer s smart meter (i.e. distributin autmatin and substatin equipment), and the ther where the functins f this use case are implemented slely frm data captured by the smart meters and ptinally augmented by infrmatin captured by a parallel distributin autmatin system (the likely scenari). 1.4 Business Rules and Assumptins Custmer in the sense f this Use Case is a custmer with a grid cnnectin < 200 kw The meter cllects and prcesses usage / pwer quality / sensr data Advanced Distributin Autmatin and / r netwrk ptimizatin functins are viewed as "black bxes". The Use Case will fcus n the infrmatin t prvide n behalf f these functins and the infrmatin t receive frm them The AMI system will nt replace the SCADA / DMS system, it shall add n t these existing systems. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 6 f 35

7 Using the infrmatin frm the AMI system shall imprve the existing pwer system applicatins and facilitate the creatin f new nes Distributin peratins ptimizes netwrk based n cnsumer metering data, and ther data cllected by the AMI system netwrk Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 7 f 35

8 2. Actrs Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Describe the primary and secndary actrs invlved in the use case. This might include all the peple (their jb), systems, databases, rganizatins, and devices invlved in r affected by the Functin (e.g. peratrs, system administratrs, custmer, end users, service persnnel, executives, meter, real-time database, ISO, pwer system). Actrs listed fr this use case shuld be cpied frm the glbal actrs list t ensure cnsistency acrss all use cases. Actr Name Actr Type (persn, device, system etc.) Actr Descriptin Meter Device Used as sensr fr vltage, current and harmnics Pwer Quality Event Cllectr (PQEC) Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) System Persn Pwer Quality Analyst Persn Reviews PQ data Cllects PQ infrmatin frm multiple surces, including the AMI system ADP reviews and makes decisins based n the cllected data Pwer Quality Histrian System Database t stre Cllected Pwer Quality Data and prvide intelligent access t it. Capacitr Bank Cntrller (CBC) Distributin Cntrl and Mnitring System (DCMS) Device System Device t cntrl capacitr bank SCE system that is used t perate switches n distributin lines Remte Fault Indicatr (RFI) Device A device that determines if fault current has passed it and sends ntice f this fault current passage t a central system Reclser Device A prgrammable circuit breaker designed t clear transient faults by pening n vercurrent and attempting ne r mre times t clse, each time delaying fr prgressively lnger. The prgrammed delays are a balance between minimizing utages and prviding adequate time fr the fault path t reacquire adequate dialectic strength, thus the prgressive nature. Pwer Quality Analysis System System A System used by the Pwer Quality Analyst, that can display Pwer quality infrmatin held by the PQEC in varius frmats and crrelate it with similar data frm the PQEC and ther systems. A PQAS shuld maintain a database f cmmn signatures that can be cmpared t data pulled frm the AMI system and Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 8 f 35

9 Actr Name Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Actr Type (persn, device, system etc.) aid in prblem determinatin. Actr Descriptin Remte Circuit Switch (RCS) Device A distributin switch that is perable frm a remte lcatin Gegraphic Infrmatin System(GIS) System System that maintains infrmatin abut the pwer grid (amng ther things). System will maintain nt nly lcatinal infrmatin abut grid assets, but als capabilities and relatinships between assets. Fr example, the system wuld maintain capacitr banks assciated with a particular meter given a particular feeder cnfiguratin. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 9 f 35

10 3. Step by Step analysis f each Scenari Describe steps that implement the scenari. The first scenari shuld be classified as either a Primary Scenari r an Alternate Scenari by starting the title f the scenari with either the wrk Primary r Alternate. A scenari that successfully cmpletes withut exceptin r relying heavily n steps frm anther scenari shuld be classified as Primary; all ther scenaris shuld be classified as Alternate. If there is mre than ne scenari (set f steps) that is relevant, make a cpy f the fllwing sectin (all f 3.1, including and tables) and fill ut the additinal scenaris. 3.1 Primary Scenari: Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n vltage Rt Mean Square (RMS) Variatin infrmatin at the custmer site. Triggering Event Primary Actr Pre-Cnditin Pst-Cnditin (Identify the name f the event that start the scenari) (Identify the actr whse pint-f-view is primarily used t describe the steps) (Identify any pre-cnditins r actr states necessary fr the scenari t start) (Identify the pst-cnditins r significant results required t cnsider the scenari cmplete) Occurrence f vltage sag Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) Vltage is within tlerance levels Vltage is within tlerance levels Steps fr this scenari Describe the nrmal sequence f events that is required t cmplete the scenari. Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes # What actr, either primary r secndary is respnsible fr the activity in this step? Describe the actins that take place in this step. The step shuld be described in active, present tense. Elabrate n any additinal descriptin r value f the step t help supprt the descriptins. Shrt ntes n architecture challenges, etc. may als be nted in this clumn.. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 10 f 35

11 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes 1 RMS Vltage Variatin (e.g. a sag in this scenari) ccurs at the custmer site. 2 Meter Meter detects that vltage has gne belw threshld (90 %) fr a certain perid f time. 3 Meter Meter will reprt basic RMS Variatin infrmatin t the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr(PQEC) (within certain perid f time) 4 PQEC PQEC sends ntificatin t Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) depending n the type f event. 5 ADP ADP queries meter t extract detailed infrmatin abut the RMS Variatin. 6 PQEC PQEC retrieves stred RMS Variatin infrmatin frm the meter befre its memry is full. 7 Pwer Quality analyst Peridically a Pwer Quality analyst will cmpare the recrded data t the reference r baseline.. 8 ADP Based n the analysis f the data, the distributin peratins can ptimize the netwrk. Triggering event 3.2 Primary Scenari: Distributin Engineering r Operatins ptimize netwrk based n harmnics data cllected by the AMI system. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 11 f 35

12 Triggering Event Primary Actr Pre-Cnditin Pst-Cnditin (Identify the name f the event that start the scenari) (Identify the actr whse pint-f-view is primarily used t describe the steps) (Identify any pre-cnditins r actr states necessary fr the scenari t start) (Identify the pst-cnditins r significant results required t cnsider the scenari cmplete) Occurrence f high harmnic level (vltage r current) Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) Harmnic level (vltage r current are under alert threshld Harmnic level (vltage r current are under alert threshld Steps fr this scenari Describe the nrmal sequence f events that is required t cmplete the scenari. Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes # What actr, either primary r secndary is respnsible fr the activity in this step? Describe the actins that take place in this step. The step shuld be described in active, present tense. Elabrate n any additinal descriptin r value f the step t help supprt the descriptins. Shrt ntes n architecture challenges, etc. may als be nted in this clumn.. 1 High Harmnic vltage / current level present at the custmer site. 2 Meter Meter detects harmnics in vltage/current at the custmer site. 3 ADP Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) queries meter t extract detailed harmnics infrmatin. 4 PQEC PQEC retrieves stred harmnic infrmatin frm the meter befre its memry is full. 5 Pwer Quality analyst Peridically a Pwer Quality analyst will cmpare the recrded data t the reference r baseline. Triggering event Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 12 f 35

13 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes 6 ADP Based n the analysis f the data, the distributin peratins can ptimize the netwrk. 3.3 Primary Scenari: Capacitr Bank Cntrller (CBC) uses the AMI infrastructure t ptimize custmer vltage/pwer Triggering Event Primary Actr Pre-Cnditin Pst-Cnditin (Identify the name f the event that start the scenari) (Identify the actr whse pint-f-view is primarily used t describe the steps) (Identify any pre-cnditins r actr states necessary fr the scenari t start) (Identify the pst-cnditins r significant results required t cnsider the scenari cmplete) Vltage n distributin feeder varies as the day prgresses Cap Bank Cntrller (CBC) Vltage variatins n distributin feeder are within acceptable limits Vltage variatins n distributin feeder are within acceptable limits Steps fr this scenari Describe the nrmal sequence f events that is required t cmplete the scenari. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 13 f 35

14 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes # What actr, either primary r secndary is respnsible fr the activity in this step? Describe the actins that take place in this step. The step shuld be described in active, present tense. Elabrate n any additinal descriptin r value f the step t help supprt the descriptins. Shrt ntes n architecture challenges, etc. may als be nted in this clumn.. 1 CBC CBC queries assciated (frm enterprise r AMI system) custmer meters fr present vltage. 2 Meter Assciated Meters respnd with vltage 3 CBC CBC evaluates received infrmatin and makes decisin n required actin. 4 CBC CBC turns n / ff capacitrs as required by the decisin 3.4 Primary Scenari: Distributin Cntrl and Mnitring System (DCMS) recnfigures feeder after a fault. (Refer Diagram) Triggering Event Primary Actr Pre-Cnditin Pst-Cnditin (Identify the name f the event that start the scenari) (Identify the actr whse pint-f-view is primarily used t describe the steps) (Identify any pre-cnditins r actr states necessary fr the scenari t start) (Identify the pst-cnditins r significant results required t cnsider the scenari cmplete) Fault ccurs n a feeder requiring feeder switching t restre pwer t mst custmers Distributin Cntrl and Mnitring System (DCMS) N faults detected Pwer restred t all nn-faulted circuit sectins Steps fr this scenari Describe the nrmal sequence f events that is required t cmplete the scenari. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 14 f 35

15 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes # What actr, either primary r secndary is respnsible fr the activity in this step? Describe the actins that take place in this step. The step shuld be described in active, present tense. Elabrate n any additinal descriptin r value f the step t help supprt the descriptins. Shrt ntes n architecture challenges, etc. may als be nted in this clumn.. 1 Fault n Feeder between RFI 1 and RFI 2 Triggering event 2 RFI RFI 1 reprts fault t DCMS. DCMS actr 3 Reclser Statin reclser 2 pens. 4 RCS RCS 2 reprts lss f vltage t DCMS 5 Reclser 1 st reclse n reclser 2 ccurs after 15 sec and pens 6 RFI RFI 1 reprts fault (again) 7 RCS RCS 2 pens after 30 sec and reprts status. 8 Reclser Reclser 2 clses after 40 sec (55 sec after fault) and pens again and lcks ut. 9 ADP Operatr at DCMS decides t clse RCS3 (direct perate) based n Histrical lading (pre fault cnditins) Expected lad after restratin Als DCMS is an actr Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 15 f 35

16 Feeder 2 Substatin Feeder 1 Reclser 1 Reclser 2 Ple switch - PS RFI 1 RCS 1 A RFI 4 PS RCS 2 A RFI 2 PS RFI 3 RCS 3 N Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 16 f 35

17 3.5 Alternate Scenari RCS devices autnmusly recnfigure after a fault. (Refer Diagram) Triggering Event Primary Actr Pre-Cnditin Pst-Cnditin (Identify the name f the event that start the scenari) (Identify the actr whse pint-f-view is primarily used t describe the steps) (Identify any pre-cnditins r actr states necessary fr the scenari t start) (Identify the pst-cnditins r significant results required t cnsider the scenari cmplete) Feeder recnfiguratin des nt require interventin f DCMS but can be accmplished autmatically by switches in the area using the AMI cmmunicatins system Reclser N fault detected RCS,RFI devices require cincident grid tplgy and assciated devices RCS devices are prgrammed t insure fault free vltage n bth sides Scenari des nt assume new intelligence r cmmunicatin capability in reclser Feeder recnfiguratin cmplete Steps fr this scenari Describe the nrmal sequence f events that is required t cmplete the scenari. Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes # What actr, either primary r secndary is respnsible fr the activity in this step? Describe the actins that take place in this step. The step shuld be described in active, present tense. Elabrate n any additinal descriptin r value f the step t help supprt the descriptins. Shrt ntes n architecture challenges, etc. may als be nted in this clumn.. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 17 f 35

18 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes RCS 1, 2 and 3 exchange infrmatin and autmatically decide n recnfiguratin. 1 Fault n Feeder between RFI 1 and RFI 2 Triggering event 2 RFI RFI 1 reprts fault t RCS 1,RCS 2 and RCS 3. 3 Reclser Statin reclser pens. 4 RCS RCS 2 reprts lss f vltage t RCS-1 and RCS-3 5 Reclser 1 st reclse ccurs after 15 sec and pens 6 RFI RFI 1 reprts fault (again) t RCS1, RCS 2 and RCS 3 7 RCS RCS 2 pens after 30 sec and reprts status. 8 Reclser Reclser clses after 40 sec (55 sec after fault), pens and then lcks ut. Refer t diagram and scenari The cllabrative nature f the scenari makes it difficult t lay ut in a stepwise fashin with any definitive precedence f peratins r certain assignment f respnsibilities. This particular sequence nly represents ne f many pssible. Fr example, this scenari assumes the reclser cntinues t perate in a dumb fashin with n crdinatin with ther system elements. The particular sequence chsen here assumes each RCS respnds t requests frm ther devices, but nly initiates actin based n self interest (in ther wrds, t maintain its desired state f energized, fault free n bth sides) Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 18 f 35

19 Step # Actr Descriptin f the Step Additinal Ntes 9 RCS RCS 3 senses lss f vltage n RCS 2 segment side, requests status f RFI RFI RFI 3 respnds with n vltage/ n fault 11 RCS RCS 3 clses and bradcasts status 12 RFI RFI 3 annunces vltage/ n fault t RCS 1, RCS 2, and RCS 3 13 RCS RCS 3 reprts cnfiguratin t DCMS Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 19 f 35

20 4. Requirements Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Detail the Functinal, Nn-functinal and Business Requirements generated frm the wrkshp in the tables belw. If applicable list the assciated use case scenari and step. 4.1 Functinal Requirements Functinal Requirements The meter shall prvide the vltage and lad reading at the custmer site t the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr. Meter shall mnitr the vltage cntinuusly in rder t detect an RMS variatin accrding t parameters specified in standard IEEE Assciated Scenari # Assciated Step # Meter shall prvide detailed RMS Variatin event data fr query n demand. (See NFR 2) 1 5,6 Autmatic event driven reprting f the basic RMS variatin data as defined in IEEE 1159, t the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr shall be based n magnitude, duratin, and directin. (per phase, aggregate) RMS variatin event data captured by the meter shall be retrievable frm the meter even if there is a cmmunicatins utage befre, during, and after the event. This FR states that n data will be lst, but it des nt have t be retrieved during the utage. The Pwer Quality Event Cllectr shall have the capability t send ntificatins t Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) based n event type as defined in IEEE These ntificatins are hwever nt cnsidered t be critical. Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) shall have the capability t query the meter and retrieve detailed RMS Variatin infrmatin, as defined in IEEE 1159, bth lcally and frm remte. Lcal cmmunicatin has pririty ver remte Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) shall have the capability t query the meter and retrieve detailed harmnic infrmatin as defined in IEEE 1159, bth lcally and frm remte. Lcal cmmunicatin has pririty ver remte Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 20 f 35

21 Functinal Requirements Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) shall have the capability t retrieve histrical RMS Variatin data frm the PQ histrian. The PQ Histrian is the strage place fr the RMS variatin data (and als the harmnic data). The data shuld be actively available fr at least 1 year and archived after that (but nt lst). The data shuld nt be destryed until it is at least 10 years ld. Authrized Distributin Persnnel (ADP) shall have the capability t retrieve histrical harmnic data frm the PQ histrian Meter shall measure harmnics data accrding t IEC and IEEE 519 fr vltage and current. The Pwer Quality Analysis System shall be capable f summing up the individual harmnic measurements. (Magnitude + Phase angle [sample]) The Pwer Quality Analysis System shall supprt analysis f harmnics data t build a histrical baseline f harmnics Assciated Scenari # Assciated Step # Meter shall recrd the harmnics data accrding t IEC and IEEE The data retrieval fr harmnics data shall be peridic 2 4 The data retrieval perid fr the Pwer Quality Event Cntrller (PQEC) shall be less than the histry available in the meter (n lst data) Capacitr Bank Cntrller btains a list f assciated meters and their cmmunicatins address frm an external surce fr the purpse f establishing cmmunicatins with these meters. The external surce fr this infrmatin can be: - Gegraphic Infrmatin System (GIS) - The Meters - Manual Cnfiguratin f the Capacitr Bank Cntrller Capacitr Bank Cntrller shall btain the present value f vltage frm the assciated meters 3 1 Capacitr Bank Cntrller shall btain the Substatin Capacitr Bank status fr its cntrl algrithm frm an external surce (mst likely SCADA) 3 1 Meter shall be capable f respnding t a request frm an external surce fr present vltage 3 1 Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 21 f 35

22 Functinal Requirements Meter shall reprt the fllwing infrmatin t the Capacitr Bank Cntrller: Assciated Scenari # Assciated Step # 3 1 Timestamp Vltage The capacitr bank cntrl functin shall nt perate during pwer utages 3 1 Fault reprt frm the Remte Fault Indicatr (RFI) t the DCMS shall include : ID Time Fault indicatin Fault magnitude Cmmunicatins frm field devices (e.g. Remte Circuit Switches and Remte Fault Indicatrs) t the Distributin Cntrl and Mnitring System shall be available when the pwer ut. This cmmunicatins will allw nrmal functins f the device t be perfrmed. An example f why this is needed wuld be in the case f a remte switch used t islate a fault at the end f a feeder after the reclser had given up n a persistent fault. Using the diagram abve, this wuld be the case if RFI 3 had signaled and Reclser 2 had tripped. Befre RCS 3 culd clse, RCS 2 wuld have t pen. Withut the nging cmmunicatins with pwer ut at sme cmpnents because f the fault, the cmplexities f srting ut reclser, sectinalizer and fuse timings becme cnsiderably mre cmplex. With cmmunicatins between energized and nn energized elements, the prper recnfiguratin wuld be pssible. Remte Cntrlled Switch reprts : ID Time All f its status pints including status f A/C (alternating current) pwer n bth sides f the switch Remte Cntrlled Switch shall be able t receive cntrl frm DCMS and acknwledge See NFR 14 The reference design f the AMI System shall be mdular enugh t interface with devices ther than meters (e.g. RFI s, RCS s) The meter shall be cnfigurable s that RMS variatin events can be reprted with an unslicited message, with a daily read r nt at all (this FR is related t FR3 and FR4) ,5 4, ,4,6,7, Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 22 f 35

23 Functinal Requirements Reprting f Pwer Quality Events by the meter can be turned On r Off lcally and frm remte by Pwer Quality Event Cllectr The meter shall be cnfigurable lcally and frm remte t specify which harmnic cmpnents and summary quantities (THD, HRMS, TIF) shall be stred in the meter and which nes shall be retrieved by the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr Data fr signature analysis shall be prvided n demand at chsen meters and ther AMI enabled data cllectin pints See BR1 Assciated Scenari # 1 2 Assciated Step # ,4,6,8 4.2 Nn-functinal Requirements Nn-Functinal Requirements Assciated Scenari # Assciated Step # RMS Variatin detectin shall fllw the IEC and IEEE 1159 standards 1 2 The meter shall be capable f retaining and returning event based pwer quality infrmatin upn query fr a minimum f 60 days after the data is captured even if there is n cmmunicatins with the meter ver the 60 day perid. The EPRI Distributin Pwer Quality Reprt, defines the statistics fr the number f events within this perid. Infrmatin will nt autmatically be retrieved frm each meter installed s having 60 days f detailed histry available within the AMI system will allw sufficient time fr it t be retrieved if it is required. This data wuld be required if there was a custmer cmplaint r ther system prblems bserved. Once the data has been retrieved frm the meter, the meter can delete the data frm its memry. 1 6 Harmnics data cllectin shall fllw IEC (Class B and IEEE 519) standards 2 2 Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 23 f 35

24 Nn-Functinal Requirements Assciated Scenari # Assciated Step # Harmnic level t be measured and stred shall range up t the 9 th r 15 th 2 2 Meter shall stre the harmnics data fr a perid ranging frm 1 7 days. This strage perid is related t the data retrieval perid (NFR6). If the data retrieval perid is daily, data nly needs t be stred fr 1 day. If the retrieval perid is lnger, the strage needs t be lnger. Once the data has been retrieved frm the meter, the meter can delete the data frm its memry. The data retrieval perid fr the Pwer Quality Event Cntrller (PQEC) shall be less than the histry available in the meter Present vltage f selected meters assciated with the CBC is needed (at the CBC) every 15 min All meters assciated with a CBC will send present vltage with a timestamp spread f n mre than 5 secnds between the reads. (System remains in knwn state during this cycle) Timestamp difference between reprts frm different meters shall be less than 5 sec. (system remains in knwn state during this cycle) The system will supprt up t 100 meters per Capacitr Bank Cntrller (typically less than 10) 3 1 At least 50% f the meters assciated with a CBC shall respnd 3 1 The AMI system shall supprt Capacitr Bank Cntrllers 3 1 Security f the cmmunicatins shall be at a level cnsistent with cntrl (switch peratin) 3 4 Fault reprt frm the meter shall be at DCMS in less than 5 sec (time f fault t annunciatin) 4 2,4,6,8 Cmmunicatin t DCMS shall be available fr at least 8 hrs with pwer ut. 4 2,4,6,8,9 Messages frm the meter t the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr shall be delivered at least 99.9% f the time ver the curse f a year. Lss f a message will result in reduced functinality. Number f devices cmmunicating fr the purpse f carrying ut scenari 4 is 6-8 per circuit ,6 4 Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 24 f 35

25 Nn-Functinal Requirements Assciated Scenari # The AMI System shall be able t handle up t 12 circuits exercising scenari 4 simultaneusly 4 The message latency fr unslicited messages sent frm the meter t the Pwer Quality Event Cllectr shall be better than 5 minutes Assciated Step # Business Requirements Business Requirement Signature analysis cllected frm Pwer Quality Data (scillgraphy frm RMS variatins) culd help detect a prblem befre it ccurs. See FR33 The RMS variatin data cllected by the meter at the custmer site shall be used t detect the rigin f an RMS variatin (Custmer side r Netwrk side). Replacing the existing cmmunicatins infrastructure fr distributin autmatin with an AMI infrastructure allws fr the integratin f multiple cmmunicatin infrastructures int a single ne and aviding parallel peratin f varius cmmunicatins infrastructures avids cst. Use f Service Pint present vltage fr the purpse f enhanced vltage cntrl culd result in Imprved circuit efficiency Lss reductin Energy savings Replacing the existing radi (Utilinet) cmmunicatin netwrk implies replacing prcessing functins in the present radis which will add cst Lw cst RFIs wuld facilitate deplyment f mre RFIs. This wuld reduce restratin time which imprves reliability statistics. Reductin in cst is als envisined by sending peple t the right lcatin mre quickly. 1,2 1 Assciated Scenari # 3, 4, 5 3 3, 4, 5 3 Assciated Step # Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 25 f 35

26 Business Requirement The AMI cmmunicatins architecture can be used fr asset management and mnitring infrmatin frm the distributin system. This allws fr the implementatin f Cnditin Based Maintenance which will result in lwer capital expenditures fr equipment replacement and it imprves system reliability by aviding unexpected failures Assciated Scenari # 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Assciated Step # Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 26 f 35

27 5. Use Case Mdels (ptinal) This sectin is used by the architecture team t detail infrmatin exchange, actr interactins and sequence diagrams 5.1 Infrmatin Exchange Fr each scenari detail the infrmatin exchanged in each step This infrmatin exchange matrix supprts scenari 3.1. It may be applied t ther RMS variatin scenaris as well. Scenari # Step #, Step Name Infrmatin Prducer # Name f the step fr this scenari. What actrs are primarily respnsible fr Prducing the infrmatin? Infrmatin Receiver What actrs are primarily respnsible fr Receiving the infrmatin? Name f infrmatin exchanged Describe the infrmatin being exchanged Meter PQEC Basic RMS Variatin Infrmatin PQEC ADP Variatin event ntificatin Meter ADP Detailed RMS variatin infrmatin Meter PQEC RMS variatin histry infrmatin PQEC Pwer Quality Analyst Recrded PQ data ADP DCMS Optimizatin cmmands RFI RCS (multiple) Fault indicatin RCS RCS (multiple) Lss f Vltage Indicatin Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 27 f 35

28 Scenari # Step #, Step Name Infrmatin Prducer Infrmatin Receiver Name f infrmatin exchanged RFI RCS(multiple) Fault Indicatin RCS RCS(multiple) De Energized Status RCS RFI Status Request RFI RCS Status Fault(Y/N) Vltage(v) RCS DCMS,RCS(multiple) Status Open/Clse RFI DCMS,RCS(multiple) Status Fault(Y/N) Vltage(v) RCS DCMS Status Vltage Open/Clse Vltage Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 28 f 35

29 5.2 Diagrams The architecture team shall use this sectin t develp an interactin diagram that graphically describes the step-by-step actr-system interactins fr all scenaris. The diagrams shall use standard UML ntatin. Additinally, sequence diagrams may be develped t help describe cmplex event flws. The fllwing sequence diagram supprts RMS variatin scenaris and Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 29 f 35

30 6. Use Case Issues Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Capture any issues with the use case. Specifically, these are issues that are nt reslved and help the use case reader understand the cnstraints r unreslved factrs that have an impact f the use case scenaris and their realizatin. Issue Describe the issue as well as any ptential impacts t the use case. D the security, availability, and reliability requirements (NERC/CIP) differ fr Distributin Autmatin and AMI? Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 30 f 35

31 7. Glssary Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Insert the terms and definitins relevant t this use case. Please ensure that any glssary item added t this list shuld be included in the glbal glssary t ensure cnsistency between use cases. Term RMS Variatin Basic RMS Variatin infrmatin Detailed RMS Variatin infrmatin Definitin Glssary As defined in IEEE 1159 and IEC A change in the instantaneus RMS vltage (1 cycle windw calculated at least twice per cycle) utside f established nminal bundaries (specified by default as +/- 10% f declared nminal). Include vltage sags, swells, and mmentary interruptins up t 1 minute in duratin. time f event, magnitude, duratin as defined in IEC Optinally includes RMS Variatin directinality. The instantaneus wavefrm during the RMS variatin event and the instantaneus (1 cycle windw with a 0.5 cycle update rate) RMS value fr each vltage phase/leg. An example can be fund in IEEE std and is shwn graphically in the fllwing figure. Basic harmnic infrmatin Vltage Ttal Harmnic Distrtin (THD) in percent as defined in IEEE 519. Als may include the RMS value f the harmnic cmpnents f the current in amps. These values shuld be available as minimum, maximum, average, Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 31 f 35

32 and CPF 95 values every 10 minutes. Detailed harmnic infrmatin Magnitude f all harmnic cmpnents up t the 50th harmnic f the vltage and current. These values shuld be available as minimum, maximum, average, and CPF 95 values every 10 minutes. Optinally may include magnitude and phase angle f the raw 5 Hz spectral cmpnents f single samples (200 ms windw). Required if harmnic summatin is t be perfrmed. Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 32 f 35

33 8. References Intelligrid Use Cases D 11.2 OpenAMI Use Case #6 Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Prgram Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 33 f 35

34 9. Bibligraphy (ptinal) Prvide a list f related reading, standards, etc. that the use case reader may find helpful. Paper reference frm Cyrus and Thsar University f Texas at Hustn. Utilities Implement Intelligent Mnitring Applicatins t Imprve Reliability --Transmissin and Distributin Wrld 2005, Mark McGranaghan, EPRI Slutins, Sctt Peele, Prgress Energy, and Marek Waclawiak, United Illuminating IEEE Recmmended Practices and Requirements fr Harmnic Cntrl in Electrical Pwer Systems. IEEE 1159:Mnitring Electric Pwer Quality IEEE : Guide Fr Recrder and Data Acquisitin Requirements IEEE : Pwer Quality Event Characterizatin IEEE P1564:Vltage Sag Indices IEEE 1433: Pwer Quality Definitins IEEE P1453: Vltage flicker IEC Electrmagnetic cmpatibility (EMC) IEC : Guide t electrmagnetic envirnment fr lw-frequency cnducted disturbances and signalling in public pwer supply systems IEC : Envirnment - Lw frequency magnetic fields in varius envirnments IEC : Envirnment - Descriptin f HEMP envirnment. Radiated disturbance. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Envirnment - Descriptin f HEMP envirnment. Cnducted disturbance IEC : Limits - Limits fr harmnic current emissins (equipment input current up t and including 16 A per phase) IEC : Limits - Limitatin f vltage changes, vltage fluctuatins and flicker in public lw-vltage supply systems, fr equipment with rated current 16 A per phase and nt subject t cnditinal cnnectin IEC : Limits - Limitatin f emissin f harmnic currents in lw-vltage pwer supply systems fr equipment with rated current greater than 16 A IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Overview f IEC series IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Electrstatic discharge immunity tests. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radi-frequency, electrmagnetic field immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test. Basic EMC publicatin Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 34 f 35

35 IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Immunity t cnducted disturbances, induced by radi-frequency fields IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Pwer frequency magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Pulse magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Damped scillatry magnetic field immunity test. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Oscillatry waves immunity test. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Harmnics and interharmnics including mains signalling at A.C. pwer prt, lw frequency immunity tests IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Vltage fluctuatin immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Flickermeter. Functinal and design specificatins. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Test fr immunity t cnducted, cmmn mde disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz t 150 khz IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Ripple n d.c. input pwer prt immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Test methds fr prtective devices fr HEMP and ther radiated disturbances IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Test methds fr prtective devices fr HEMP cnducted disturbance. Basic EMC publicatin IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - HEMP immunity test methds fr equipment and systems IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Unbalance, immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Variatin f pwer frequency, immunity test IEC : Testing and measurement techniques - Testing and measurement techniques. Vltage dips, shrt interruptins and vltage variatins n d.c. input pwer prt immunity tests Authr: Standard Cnfig Page 35 f 35