Towards a European Solution for Networked Cars -Integration of Car-to-Car Technology into Cellular Systems for Vehicular Communication in Europe

Transcription

1 Twards a Eurpean Slutin fr Netwrked Cars -Integratin f Car-t-Car Technlgy int Cellular Systems fr Vehicular Cmmunicatin in Eurpe Yunpeng Zang, Bernhard Walke Department f Cmmunicatin Netwrks RWTH Aachen University, Germany Sabine Sries, Guid Gehlen Ericssn Research, Herzgenrath, Germany

2 Outline 2 Intrductin Car-t-Car Cmmunicatin fr Safety Services Vehicular Cmmunicatin with Cellular Systems C2C vs. Cellular: Cmpeting r Cmplementary? A Hybrid Slutin Cnclusin The Fully Netwrked Car

3 Mtivatin 3 Autmbile accidents in Eurpe 1,300,000 accidents 40,000 dead persns per year (2005) 1,700,000 casualties 160 bn. ecnmic damage esafety cncept frm the Eurpean Unin Half number f dead persns until 2010 Passive safety systems reducing the severity f the accident are nt enugh Target is nly reachable with active safety systems that cmpletely prevent accidents Traffic efficiency Inftainment services fr driving cmfrt *Phts frm EU PReVENT prject The Fully Netwrked Car

4 Intrductin 4 Spectrum regulatin wrldwide 5.9GHz DSRC Standardizatin effrts EU C2C-CC IEEE WAVE ITU CALM Prjects EU prjects CVIS, PReVENT, esafety, SEVECOM, German natinal prjects AKTIV, FleetNet, NOW, SIM-TD The Fully Netwrked Car

5 Car-t-Car Cmmunicatin 5 Spectrum fr ITS in Eurpe Aug MHz at 5.9 GHz (5.875GHz 5.905GHz) Wireless Access in Vehicular Envirnments (WAVE) Physical layer (PHY) 10MHz channel at 5.9GHz ITS band IEEE p (802.11a, OFDM) Medium Access Cntrl (MAC) Basic IEEE MAC CSMA/CA MAC-X IEEE P Upper layers IEEE 1609.x Services Wireless lcal danger warning Cperative danger warning Traffic infrmatin disseminatin P2P file sharing WAVE Management Entity MLME PLME IEEE P WAVE Resurce Manager IEEE P Netwrking Services IEEE P Multi-channel Operatins (MAC Extensin) IEEE p WAVE MAC IEEE p WAVE PHY IEEE P Security Services fr Applicatins and Management Messages MLME: MAC Layer Management Entity PLME: Physical Layer Management Entity The Fully Netwrked Car

6 Simulatin Study f C2C Cmmunicatin Perfrmance 6 Maneuvering assistance Peridical infrmatin exchange amng neighbring vehicles Infrmatin update frequency 10 Hz Interested metrics Infrmatin Update Interval Channel Busy Time Neighbrhd Map Of Hst Vehicle D int Hst Vehicle The Fully Netwrked Car Parameter Lw Density High Density Average Inter-vehicle Distance (D int ) 80 m 10 m Average Vehicle Speed 160 km/h 20 km/h Market Penetratin Rate 100% 100 % PHY Mde BPSK ½ (3 Mb/s) BPSK ½ (3Mb/s) Hazard Warning Packet Size 100 B 100 B Maneuvring Message Frequency 10 Hz 10 Hz Warning Message Pririty VI (AC2) VI (AC2) Transmit Pwer Level 20 dbm 20 dbm

7 Prbability ( Update Interval < x) Prbability ( Update Interval < x) Perfrmance: Maneuvering Assistance 7 With 100% penetratin rate, WAVE system wrks well in bth lw and high density scenaris Lw density scenari WAVE Randm Start WAVE Rebradcast Update Interval x (ms) High density scenari WAVE Randm Start WAVE Rebradcast Update Interval x (ms) Bradcast Algrithm CBL (%) Max (ms) Update Interval Min (ms) Mean (ms) Standard Deviatin Bradcast Algrithm CBL (%) Max (ms) Update Interval Min (ms) Mean (ms) Standard Deviatin WAVE Randm Start WAVE Randm Start WAVE Rebradcast WAVE Rebradcast The Fully Netwrked Car

8 Perfrmance: Message Prpagatin with Lw Penetratin Rate With lw penetratin rate, the vehicular ad-hc netwrk suffers frm fragmented netwrk prblem Message prpagatin relies n vehicles n the ppsite directin The end-t-end delay depends n the netwrk density and market penetratin rate 8 P( t) 1 e R v t r r tr ( 2 tr u ) u 2, t v tr R Cmm. Range: R=250m Speed: vtr=85km/h Vehicle density: λtr=29 Vehicle/km Distance t g: ru=1000m [1] Schenhf, M., et al, Cupled Vehicle and infrmatin flws: Message transprt n a dynamic vehicle netwrk, Physica A, Apr., p73-81 The Fully Netwrked Car

9 Cperative Cars CCar 9 German BMBF funded research prject basic research fr V2V and V2I cmmunicatin using cellular mbile cmmunicatin technlgies Cnsrtium Ericssn (prject leader), Vdafne, Daimler, MAN, Vlkswagen Cellular technlgies (GPRS, UMTS, HSPA, LTE) (HSPA = HSDPA+HSUPA) Sufficient cverage Increasing data rate and capacity Imprved Latency Services Safety Inftainment The Fully Netwrked Car

10 C.D.F. [%] C.D.F. [%] C.D.F. [%] Perfrmance f Cellular System (UMTS) fr Vehicular Applicatins Infrastructure ensures timely message disseminatin thrughut large areas Bradcast enables efficient message disseminatin fr many-user scenari End-t-end delays f belw 500 ms can be achieved using in tday s UMTS netwrks, but nt guaranteed *) Results frm [2] S. Sries, J. Huschke, M.-A. Phan, Delay Perfrmance f Vehicular Safety Applicatins in UMTS, 15 th Wrld Cngress n ITS, New Yrk, 2008 The Fully Netwrked Car uplink dwnlink ttal a) Cell_DCH State c) Cell_FACH Delay [ms] State d) Idle Delay State [ms] Delay [ms]

11 Cellular System vs. C2C 11 Netwrk infrastructure Cellular (UMTS) C2C (WAVE) Infrastructure based system Infrastructure-less system, but sme services require infrastructure supprt Infrastructure ready N infrastructure ready in Eurpe Cmmunicatin range System Capacity Prcessing/netwrk Delay Cst Netwrk cverage range Interference limited system with limited resurce f each cell Minimum end-t-end delay arund 100 ms (HSPA) fr lcal hazard warning service, but nt guaranteed Delay perfrmance f lng distance cmmunicatin is independent f penetratin rate Licensed spectrum Well develped netwrk reduces the cst f develping and maintaining the infrastructure Ad-hc netwrk with single hp distance f 300 m-1 km Scalable adaptive ad-hc netwrk Minimum end-t-end delay < 100 ms fr lcal hazard warning guaranteed Withut supprts frm radside infrastructure, the delay perfrmance f lng distance cmmunicatin depends n the penetratin rate Cst-free spectrum Huge investment is expected in deplying and maintaining dedicated radside infrastructure, if there will be any WAVE radside infrastructure Security and annymity Centralized Distributed prtcl relying n infrastructure The Fully Netwrked Car : Prs : Cns

12 Hybrid Slutin with Cellular and C2C 12 Shared applicatin mdule Parallel WLAN and cellular cmmunicatin mdules Infrastructure supprt frm cellular system Time critical applicatins thrugh C2C RNC GGSN TIS UMTS/LTE Radi Unit Memry Main Prcessr Hst vehicle speed, acceleratin, etc. Vehicle Bus WAVE Radi Unit (5.9 GHz) GPS Unit Hst Vehicle Psitin Cmm. Manager Safety Applicatin Lgic Nn-Safety Applicatin Lgic Warning/Inf. Human Machine Interface The Fully Netwrked Car

13 Cnclusin 13 Car2Car: With high penetratin rate, Car2Car system wrks well With lw penetratin rate, VANET suffers frm fragmented netwrk prblem Cellular: Infrastructure ensures timely message disseminatin thrughut large areas Infrastructure already in place Weak n very time critical safety applicatins The hybrid slutin cmbines benefits f bth technlgies The Fully Netwrked Car

14 14 Thanks fr yur attentin! Yunpeng Zang Sabine Sries The Fully Netwrked Car