PIN CONNECTIONS AND MARKING DIAGRAM ORDERING INFORMATION 1 DIP 16 NF SUFFIX CASE 648 SO 20L DWF SUFFIX CASE 751D DIP 16 V CC

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1 The CS89 is specifically designed for use with 4 quadrant aircore meter movements. The IC includes an input comparator for sensing input frequency such as vehicle speed or engine RPM, a charge pump for frequency to voltage conversion, a bandgap reference for stable operation and a function generator with sine and cosine amplifiers that differentially drive the meter coils. The CS89 has a higher torque output and better output signal symmetry than other competitive parts (CS289, and LM89). It is protected against short circuit and overvoltage (6 V) fault conditions. Enhanced circuitry permits functional operation down to 8. V. Features Direct Sensor Input High Output Torque Wide Output Voltage Range High Impedance Inputs Accurate Down to V V CC Fault Protection Overvoltage Short Circuit Low Voltage Operation Internally Fused Leads in DIP6 and SO2L Packages 6 DIP6 NF SUFFIX CASE 648 V CC COS SINE FREQ IN PIN CONNECTIONS AND MARKING DIAGRAM DIP6 6 F/V OUT CP CP COS SINE CS89XNF6 AWLYYWW 2 SO2L DWF SUFFIX CASE 75D V CC NC NC COS SIN FREQ IN SO2L 2 F/V OUT CP CP NC NC COS SIN CS89 AWLYYWW A WL, L YY, Y WW, W = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week ORDERING INFORMATION Device Package Shipping CS89XNF6 DIP6 25 Units/Rail CS89XDWF2 SO2L 37 Units/Rail CS89XDWFR2 SO2L Tape & Reel Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2 March, 2 Rev. 4 Publication Order Number: CS89/D

2 CP Charge Pump F/V OUT CP Input Comp. FREQ IN Voltage Regulator 7. V COS SINE COS Output Function Generator SINE Output COS SINE V CC High Voltage, Short Circuit Protection Figure. Block Diagram ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Rating Value Unit Supply Voltage, V CC < ms Pulse Transient Continuous 6 24 V V Operating Temperature Range 4 to 5 C Junction Temperature Range 4 to 5 C Storage Temperature Range 55 to 65 C Elecrostatic Discharge (Human Body Model) 4. kv Lead Temperature Soldering: Wave Solder (through hole styles only) (Note.) Reflow: (SMD styles only) (Note 2.). seconds maximum second maximum above 83 C. *The maximum package power dissipation must be observed. 26 peak 23 peak C C 2

3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (4 C T A 5 C, 8. V V CC 6 V, unless otherwise specified.) Characteristic Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Supply Voltage Section I CC Supply Current V CC = 6 V, 4 C, No Load 7 25 ma V CC Normal Operation Range V Input Comparator Section Positive Input Threshold V Negative Input Threshold V Input Hysteresis 2 4 mv Input Bias Current (Note 3.) V V IN 8. V 2. ± µa Input Frequency Range 2 khz Input Voltage Range in series with. kω. V CC V Output V SAT I CC = ma.5.4 V Output Leakage V CC = 7. V µa Logic Input Voltage 2. V Voltage Regulator Section Output Voltage V Output Load Current ma Output Load Regulation to ma 5 mv Output Line Regulation 8. V V CC 6 V 2 5 mv Power Supply Rejection V CC = 3. V,. V P/P. khz db Charge Pump Section Inverting Input Voltage V Input Bias Current 4 5 na V Input Voltage V Non Invert. Input Voltage I IN =. ma.7. V Linearity (Note 87.5, 75, 262.5, 35 Hz % F/V OUT 35 Hz, C CP =.33 µf, R T = 243 kω 7. 3 mv/hz Norton Gain, Positive I IN = 5 µa.9.. I/I Norton Gain, Negative I IN = 5 µa.9.. I/I Function Generator Section: 4C T A 85 C, V CC = 3. V unless otherwise noted. Differential Drive Voltage (V COS V COS ) Differential Drive Voltage (V SIN V SIN ) Differential Drive Voltage (V COS V COS ) Differential Drive Voltage (V SIN V SIN ) V V CC 6 V Θ = V V CC 6 V Θ = 9 V V CC 6 V Θ = 8 V V CC 6 V Θ = V V V V 3. Input is clamped by an internal 2 V Zener. 4. Applies to % of full scale (27 ). 3

4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (4 C T A 5 C, 8. V V CC 6 V, unless otherwise specified.) Characteristic Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Function Generator Section: 4C T A 85 C, V CC = 3. V unless otherwise noted. (continued) Differential Drive Load V V CC 6 V, 4 C 25 C 5 C Ω Ω Ω Zero Hertz Output Voltage.8.8 V Function Generator Error (Note 5.) Reference Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 Θ = to 225 Θ = 226 to deg deg Function Generator Error 3. V V CC 6 V.. deg Function Generator Error 3. V V CC V.. deg Function Generator Error 3. V V CC 8. V deg Function Generator Error 25 C T A 8 C deg Function Generator Error 25 C T A 5 C deg Function Generator Error 4 C T A 25 C deg Function Generator Gain T A = 25 C, Θ vs F/V OUT, /V 5. Deviation from nominal per Table after calibration at and 27. PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION PACKAGE PIN # DIP6 SO2L PIN SYMBOL FUNCTION V CC Ignition or battery supply voltage. 2 2 Voltage regulator output. 3 3 Test point or zero adjustment. 4, 5, 2, 3 5, 6, 5, 6 Ground Connections. 6 8 COS Negative cosine output signal. 7 9 SIN Negative sine output signal. 8 FREQ IN Speed or RPM input signal. 9 Buffered square wave output signal. 2 SIN Positive sine output signal. 3 COS Positive cosine output signal. 4 8 CP Negative input to charge pump. 5 9 CP Positive input to charge pump. 6 2 F/V OUT Output voltage proportional to input signal frequency. 4, 7, 4, 7 NC No connection. 4

5 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage (V) FVOUT 2. V 2. FREQ CCP RT (VREG.7 V) COS SIN of Deflection ( ) Frequency/Output Angle ( ) Figure 2. Function Generator Output Voltage vs. of Deflection F/V Output (V) Figure 3. Charge Pump Output Voltage vs. Output Angle (V SINE ) (V SINE ) 7. V ARCTAN V SIN VSIN VCOS VCOS 7. V 7. V Θ Angle 7. V (V COS ) (V COS ) Figure 4. Output Angle in Polar Form Deviation ( ) Theoretical Angle ( ) Figure 5. Nominal Output Deviation 45 4 Ideal Angle () Ideal Nominal Nominal Angle () Figure 6. Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 8) 5

6 Ideal Table. Function Generator Output Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 27) Nominal Ideal Nominal Ideal Nominal Ideal Nominal Ideal Nominal Ideal Nominal Note: Temperature, voltage and nonlinearity not included. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION and APPLICATION NOTES The CS89 is specifically designed for use with aircore meter movements. It includes an input comparator for sensing an input signal from an ignition pulse or speed sensor, a charge pump for frequency to voltage conversion, a bandgap voltage regulator for stable operation, and a function generator with sine and cosine amplifiers to differentially drive the meter coils. From the partial schematic of Figure 7, the input signal is applied to the FREQ IN lead, this is the input to a high impedance comparator with a typical positive input threshold of 2.7 V and typical hysteresis of.4 V. The output of the comparator,, is applied to the charge pump input CP through an external capacitor C CP. When the input signal changes state, C CP is charged or discharged through R3 and R4. The charge accumulated on C CP is mirrored to C4 by the Norton Amplifier circuit comprising of Q, Q2 and Q3. The charge pump output voltage, F/V OUT, ranges from 2. V to 6.3 V depending on the input signal frequency and the gain of the charge pump according to the formula: FVOUT 2. V 2. FREQ CCP RT (VREG.7 V) R T is a potentiometer used to adjust the gain of the F/V output stage and give the correct meter deflection. The F/V output voltage is applied to the function generator which generates the sine and cosine output voltages. The output voltage of the sine and cosine amplifiers are derived from the onchip amplifier and function generator circuitry. The various trip points for the circuit (i.e.,, 9, 8, 27 ) are determined by an internal resistor divider and the bandgap voltage reference. The coils are differentially driven, allowing bidirectional current flow in the outputs, thus providing up to 35 range of meter deflection. Driving the coils differentially offers faster response time, higher current capability, higher output voltage swings, and reduced external component count. The key advantage is a higher torque output for the pointer. The output angle, Θ, is equal to the F/V gain multiplied by the function generator gain: where: AFV AFG, AFG 77V(typ) The relationship between input frequency and output angle is: AFG 2. FREQ CCP RT (VREG.7 V) or, 97 FREQ CCP RT The ripple voltage at the F/V converter s output is determined by the ratio of C CP and C4 in the formula: V C CP(VREG.7 V) C4 6

7 Ripple voltage on the F/V output causes pointer or needle flutter especially at low input frequencies. The response time of the F/V is determined by the time constant formed by R T and C4. Increasing the value of C4 will reduce the ripple on the F/V output but will also increase the response time. An increase in response time causes a very slow meter movement and may be unacceptable for many applications. R3 V C (t).25 V Q3 CP 2. V R T F/V OUT F to V FREQ IN C CP Q SQUARE R4 CP Q Q2 C4 2.7 V Figure 7. Partial Schematic of Input and Charge Pump T t DCHG t CHG V CC FREQ IN I CP V CP Figure 8. Timing Diagram of FREQ IN and I CP 7

8 Battery D. A, 6 PIV R2 R Typical Speedometer Input 3.9, 5 mw D2 5 V, 5 mw Zener kω C3. µf C. µf V CC F/VOUT CP COS SINE FREQ IN CS89 SINE CP COS SINE C4.47 µf R4. kω C CP.33 µf, /3 PPM/ C R T Trim Resistor, /2 PPM/ C R3 3. kω COSINE Air Core Gauge Speedometer Notes:. The product of C4 and R T have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 2. C4 Range; 2 pf to.2 µf. 3. R4 Range; kω to 5 kω. 4. The IC must be protected from transients above 6 V and reverse battery conditions. 5. Additional filtering on the FREQ IN lead may be required. 6. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3. inch) for best pointer stability. Figure 9. Speedometer or Tachometer Application Design Example Maximum meter Deflection = 27 Maximum Input Frequency = 35 Hz. Select R T and C CP 97 FREQ CCP RT Let C CP =.33 µf, find R T RT Hz.33 F RT 243 k RT should be a 25 kω potentiometer to trim out any inaccuracies due to IC tolerances or meter movement pointer placement. 2. Select R3 and R4 Resistor R3 sets the output current from the voltage regulator. The maximum output current from the voltage regulator is ma. R3 must ensure that the current does not exceed this limit. Choose R3 = 3.3 kω The charge current for C CP is VREG.7 V.9 ma 3.3 k C CP must charge and discharge fully during each cycle of the input signal. Time for one cycle at maximum frequency is 2.85 ms. To ensure that C CP is charged, assume that the (R3 R4) C CP time constant is less than % of the minimum input period. T % 285s 35 Hz Choose R4 =. kω. Discharge time: t DCHG = R3 C CP = 3.3 kω.33 µf =.9 µs Charge time: t CHG = (R3 R4)C CP = 4.3 kω..33 µf = 4.2 µs 3. Determine C4 C4 is selected to satisfy both the maximum allowable ripple voltage and response time of the meter movement. C4 C CP(VREG.7 V) VMAX With C4 =.47 µf, the F/V ripple voltage is 44 mv. Figure shows how the CS89 and the CS844 are used to produce a Speedometer and Odometer circuit. 8

9 Battery D. A, 6 PIV R 3.9, 5 mw D2 5 V, 5 mw Zener R2 kω Typical Speedometer Input C. µf C3. µf V CC F/VOUT CP COS SINE FREQ IN CS89 SINE CP COS SINE C4.47 µf R4. kω C CP.33 µf, /3 PPM/ C R T Trim Resistor, /2 PPM/ C R3 3. kω COSINE Air Core Gauge Speedometer C2 µf CS844 Air Core Odometer Stepper Motor 2 Ω Notes:. The product of C4and R T have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 2. C4 Range; 2 pf to.2 µf. 3. R4 Range; kω to 5 kω. 4. The IC must be protected from transients above 6 V and reverse battery conditions. 5. Additional filtering on the FREQ IN lead may be required. 6. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3. inch) for best pointer stability. Figure. Speedometer With Odometer or Tachometer Application 9

10 In some cases a designer may wish to use the CS89 only as a driver for an aircore meter having performed the F/V conversion elsewhere in the circuit. Figure shows how to drive the CS89 with a DC voltage ranging from 2. V to 6. V. This is accomplished by forcing a voltage on the F/V OUT lead. The alternative scheme shown in Figure 2 uses an external op amp as a buffer and operates over an input voltage range of V to 4. V. Figures and 2 are not temperature compensated. CS89 kω kω V IN kω V to 4. V DC CP F/V OUT kω CP CS89 kω kω kω N/C V IN 2. V to 6. V DC F/V OUT Figure 2. Driving the CS89 from an External DC Voltage Using an Op Amp Buffer Figure. Driving the CS89 from an External DC Voltage

11 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS DIP6 NF SUFFIX CASE 6488 ISSUE R A B H G F C S K D 6 PL T J L M SO2L DWF SUFFIX CASE 75D5 ISSUE F H X D E A h X 45 2X B 8X e B A A T C L PACKAGE THERMAL DATA Parameter DIP6 SO2L Unit R ΘJC Typical 5 9 C/W R ΘJA Typical 5 55 C/W

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