Electronic Circuits EE359A

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1 Electronic Circuits EE359A Bruce McNair B Lecture

2 Class C operation 4 2 h( t) t 0 ( ) 20 log A j Cconduction_angle j π 3 489

3 Class C operation 4 2 h( t) t 0 ( ) 20 log A j Cconduction_angle j π 8 490

4 Power BJTs Collector currents in the multi-ampere range Multi-watt power dissipation Achieved by: High temperature tolerant designs (T J up to 200 o C) Effective heat dissipation design 491

5 Thermal resistance model Power dissipation Thermal resistance TJ TA =θjapd 492

6 Power derating curve Power dissipation at ambient Reduced power rating at increased temperature Maximum allowable junction temperature 493

7 Achieving efficient heat dissipation TO3 package Maximum heat dissipation surface Mounting holes to allow bolting to heat sink 494

8 Modeling heat transfer Junction temperature Heat dissipation Case temperature Heat-sink temperature Ambient temperature 495

9 Modeling heat transfer Junction-case thermal R Heat dissipation Case-heatsink thermal R Heatsink-ambient thermal R 496

10 Modeling heat transfer Heat dissipation Junction-case thermal R Function of transistor/ case design Case-heatsink thermal R Function of bonding transistor to heatsink Heatsink-ambient thermal R Function of heatsink cooling, e.g., conduction, convection, radiation, etc. 497

11 Multistage amplifiers - rationale High input Z for minimal loading High power output (differential input for noise immunity) High gain (in multiple stages) Low output Z for minimal impact from load 498

12 Increasing output power Higher operating voltage High power output stage or Higher collector current 499

13 Increasing output power High power output stage Higher operating voltage or Higher collector current Limitation of V CC Breakdown voltage Output impedance may be small 500

14 Increasing output power High power output stage Higher operating voltage or Higher collector current Limitation of V CC Breakdown voltage Output impedance may be small Darlington configuration for increased β 501

15 NPN Darlington Pair 502

16 PNP Darlington Pair 503

17 PNP Darlington Pair NPN used because of limited PNP performance 504

18 AB Output Stage with Darlington Pair 505

19 AB Output Stage with Darlington Pair NPN Darlington push stage V BE multiplier PNP Darlington pull stage 506

20 What if the v O is shorted? 507

21 What if the v O is shorted? 508

22 AB amplifier with short circuit protection 509

23 Thermal overload protection 510

24 Thermal overload protection Output transistor Normally biased off 511

25 Thermal overload protection Thermal coupling 512

26 Thermal overload protection Operation shifts with changing temperature 513

27 Thermal overload protection Turns on, stealing Q 1 bias current, shutting off Q 1 514

28 Normal MOSFET 515

29 Normal MOSFET Thermal conduction path 516

30 Power MOSFET 517

31 Power MOSFET Thermal conduction path 518

32 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers 519

33 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers V BE multiplier 520

34 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers Push-pull darlington pairs 521

35 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers CMOS power MOSFET output 522

36 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers Quiescent point adjustment Temperature compensation adjustment Thermal feedback control 523

37 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers Parasitic oscillation suppression 524

38 AB amplifier with power MOSFETs and BJT drivers 525

39 Filters and Tuned Amplifiers Ch

40 Two-port model of filter General response: Vo () s Ts () = V() s i 527

41 Two-port model of filter General response: Vo () s Ts () = V() s j ( ) T( jω) = T( jω) e φω i Substituting s = jω and using polar representation: 528

42 Two-port model of filter General response: Vo () s Ts () = V() s j ( ) T( jω) = T( jω) e φω i Substituting s = jω and using polar representation: ( T jω ) G( ω) = 20log ( ) Gain/Attenuation in db: ( T jω ) A( ω) = 20log ( ) 529

43 Ideal filter characteristics (Low-pass) 530

44 Ideal filter characteristics (High-pass) 531

45 Ideal filter characteristics (Band-pass) 532

46 Ideal filter characteristics (Band-stop) 533

47 Practical limitations (Low-pass) 534

48 Practical limitations (Low-pass) Zero-width transition band Infinite attenuation in stop-band 535

49 Practical limitations (Low-pass) Zero-width transition band Infinite attenuation in stop-band Infinite complexity Infinite time delay 536

50 Practical limitations (Low-pass) impulse response input x(t) = δ (t) t output y(t) = sinc(t) = sin(t) t t 537

51 Practical limitations (Low-pass) impulse response input x(t) = δ (t) t output Response precedes input!! y(t) = sinc(t) = sin(t) t t 538

52 Example Low-pass specification Pass-band edge Stop-band edge Pass-band variation Minimum stop-band attenuation - 539

53 Example Band-pass specification Pass-band variation Lower stop-band edge Pass-band edges Upper stop-band edge Minimum stop-band attenuation 540

54 Typical Low-pass specification Often no constraints on filter curve - 541

55 Typical Low-pass specification Often no constraints on filter curve Might be monotonic - 542

56 Typical Low-pass specification Often no constraints on filter curve May have passband ripple - 543

57 Typical Low-pass specification Often no constraints on filter curve May have stop band ripple - 544

58 Typical Low-pass specification Often no constraints on filter curve May have both passband and stopband ripple - 545

59 Typical Low-pass specification Many different approximations to the ideal filter response - 546

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