DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF REMOTE CONTROLLED ROOM LIGHTING SYSTEM

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1 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF REMOTE CONTROLLED ROOM LIGHTING SYSTEM f PETER DARIUS YAYOCK 2005/22087EE A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING. FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF '-ECHNOLOGY MINNA, NIGER STATE. November, 2010.

2 Dedication I dedicate this project work to the memory of my late Dad. Rest in peace Dad, I miss you. ii

3 Declaration I. Peter Darius.Yayock. declare that this work was done by me and has never been presented elsewhere for the award or a degree. I also hereby relinquish the copyright to the Federal University of Technology, Minna. ~f--f;:p- Y. M~) L(~ (Name of student) ~?-villi~ l~ (Signature and date) Mr. Nathaniel Salawu (Name of Supervisor) ~'!J"o (Signature and date) Eng... A.G. Raji (Na le of Head of Department) ~u..=:i - ~,G~<7:~, ~ e or External Examiner) Ilf ~ (:~ ign tu~a~<\y~v iii

4 Acknowledgement I wish 10 ~:\pn:ss my grulillije 10 AlllIighly GoJ for making lhis v.ork a ~licccs~. I abu wish to appreciate those who assisted me in one way or the (lth,~r to make this work come to a reality. My special thanks go to my Supervisor Mr. Nathaniel Salawu who was or great inspiration to me, and my Co-supervisor Mal. Isiyaku Saleh who was always there for me when I needed him, and to all my Lecturers for their contributions and support. I also wish to appreciate my colleagues who were a challenge as well as a motivation to me, you guys made me to work extra miles, thanks. My Heartfelt appreciation goes to my immediate family members; my Mum, Patience. Esther. Jemima. and Jeremiah for their encouragement and to my 1 InriC'. ~1r Tobias John and his Lovely wife who were of great support in all aspects uu'rillg Ihis project. Uncle, you are the best.

5 Abstract The project presents the design and construction of an infrared remote controlled room lighting system, which is a device that enables the user to operate or control the lightings in a room from a distance of 5 to 10 meters away. The remote control unit transmits a beam of light using an infrared light emitting diode (Ir LED); this light is picked by the receiver unit which is an infrared receiver module. The receiver only activates when it receives a beam of light, there are no accidental activations. In the design, the system was broken down into simpler functional parts namely: The transmitter stage, the detector stage, the inverter stage, the flip-flop stage, the opto coupler stage and the switching stage. The project covers the design and construction of an Infrared remote control transmitter and the design and construction of its corresponding receiver unit. The receiver unit is to control the lighting system logically by responding to beam received by the infrared receiver module from the infrared remote transmitter. Details of the stages are described in the thesis. The project aims at providing an e~sy means of control for room lightings as well as easy control for the physically challenged. The objectives of the project were achieved at the end of the day. v

6 Table of content Dedication ' ii Declaration "...iii Acknowledgement iv Abstract v Chapter One: Introduction General introduction... " Objectives and motivation The scope of the project Methodology Chapter Two: Literature review Historical background Theoretical background Types of remote control The infrared remote control Radio frequency remote control The infrared remote controlled room lighting system Previous works related to this project Thesis outline VI

7 Chapter Three: Design and Implementation The infrared remote control tninsmitter The 555 Timer Frequency circuit calculation Duty cycle calculation...,... '" Calculation of limiting resistance Rs for infrared LED The transistor as a switch The infrared remote control receiver unit The power supply unit Transfornler Rectifier Filter The voltage regulator The infrared receiver module The logic inverter The D-Flip Flop The opto coupler The power switch The load Chapter Four: Tests, result and discussion Hardware construction procedure and precautions Tools and instruments used Testing and measurement Vll

8 4.4 Photographic plates of the constructed work and casings Discussion of results Limitations of the project Chapter Five: Conclusion and recommendations Conclusion Problems encountered Recommendations., References 'I Vlll

9 List of Figures Fig. 2.1 Fig. 2.2 Fig. 3.1 Fig. 3.2 Fig. 3.3 Fig. 3.4 Fig. 3.5 Fig. 3.6 Fig. 3.7 Fig. 3.8 Fig. 3.9 Fig Fig.3.11 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig The electromagnetic spectrum Block diagram of the system Block diagram of the infrared remote control transmitter Block diagram of the infrared remote control receiver unit Circuit diagram of infrared remote control transmitter. Schematic diagram ofne555 timer Infrared LED protected by limiting resistor. Block diagram of the power supply unit Voltage regulator Block diagram of power supply unit's stages Wave forms of stages of power supply unit Infrared receiver module Schematic diagram oftsop1738 infrared receiver module Logic inverter symbol Inverter connection diagram Symbol of D-Flip Flop Input and output wave forms of clocked D-Flip Flop Symbol of a falling edge triggered D-Flip Flop Toggle mode connection ofd-flip Flop Input and output wave forms of Toggle Flip Flop MOC3020 opto coupler package IX

10 Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Schematic diagram of MOC3020 opto coupler AC 10DT Triac Triac symbol V -I characteristic of a triac Circuit diagram of the infrared remote control receiver unit

11 List of Tables Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Truth table of Logic inverter Truth table of D- Flip Flop Xl

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GENERATOR OUTPUT BOOSTER WITH UNDER VOLTAGE AND OVER VOLTAGE MONITOIUNG EMMANUEL L,AWRENCE (2007/2/26396EE)

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GENERATOR OUTPUT BOOSTER WITH UNDER VOLTAGE AND OVER VOLTAGE MONITOIUNG BY EMMANUEL L,AWRENCE (2007/2/26396EE) / A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS