Jianfeng Liu, Jaehan Jeon, Kyungtae Do, JungYun Choi. Design Technology Team System LSI Division Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd

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1 Jianfeng Liu, Jaehan Jeon, Kyungtae Do, JungYun Choi Design Technology Team System LSI Division Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd

2 Author Name Phone Organization Jianfeng Liu Jaehan Jeon Kyungtae Do JungYun Choi Samsung Electronics, Co. Ltd 2

3 To minimize the number of wires with dont_touch attribute assigned by Always-On Net (AON) synthesis algorithm in implementation tools, a new algorithm based on Power State Table (PST) in Unified Power Format (UPF) has been proposed. The PST based AON synthesis algorithm has been tested with a latest mobile SoCplatform, which reduces the number of dont_touch wires by 49X. 3

4 To cater the trend of mobile computing, complicated low power design techniques have been applied to mobile SoC design The wide-spread deployment of power gating technique requires huge effort for implementing the low power logics, such as power switches, isolation cells, level shifters etc. Power Gating Multi-VDD Adaptive Body Bias DVFS More than 30 power domains Multi-VDD and Power Gating used in most Power Domains More than 400 power states Thousands of power state transitions SoCimplementation complexity grows rapidly withlow power designs

5 For a power gating design, besides the complexity of implementing low power logics, it has become a complicated problem to determine whether a cross-domain wire can be buffered or should be dont_touch, due to the complex On/Off relation of the driver power domain, crossing power domain and load power domain. In this presentation, the problem of whether a wire should be dont_touch at a crossing power domain in Synopsys Design Compiler (DC) and IC Compiler (ICC) has been studied PD(Top) PD(D) dont_touch? PD(L)

6 In DC/ICC, whether a wire should be marked as dont_touch by power On/Off behavior is determined by the Always On Net (AON) synthesis algorithm, based on the Supply Net (SN) availability in the present power domain Dont_touch attribute on the wire will be assigned on a wire when both driver and load supply are not available in the present power domain AON Synthesis Algorithm in DC/ICC UPF & Netlist load supply available N Driver supply available N dont_touch Y Y AON w load supply AON w driver supply

7 Example case illustrated When VA or VC exists in PD_B, n2 will be powered by VA or VC When VA or VC are not available in PD_B, n2 will be dont_touch wire VA or VC VA or VC n1 n3 n1 dont_touch n3 n2 n2 In a latest mobile SoC design, about 36,000 nets are assigned dont_touch attributes by AON algorithm in the netlist, which makes lots of DRC warnings and ECO steps A new AON synthesis algorithm is desired to minimize the number of dont_touch wires

8 The core problem of the current AON synthesis algorithm is that only load and driver SN are considered for wire buffering, which excludes the primary supply UPF & Netlist Primary Supply meets Drivability N Y Normal wire w primary supply load supply available Y AON w load supply The proposed AON synthesis: Take into consideration of primary supply Decides the drivability based on PST in UPF. N Driver supply available N Y AON w driver supply dont_touch

9 Case 1: PST(VA) <> PST(VB) i.e. VA is independent of VB in PST PST VA VB PS1 ON ON PS2 ON OFF PS3 OFF ON PS4 OFF OFF Case 2: PST(VA) = PST(VB) i.e. VA is equivalenttovb in PST PST VA VB PS1 ON ON PS2 ON OFF PS3 OFF ON PS4 OFF OFF Case 3: PST(VA) > PST(VB) i.e. VA is morealways-on than VB in PST PST VA VB PS1 ON ON PS2 ON OFF PS3 OFF ON PS4 OFF OFF Case 4: PST(VA) < PST(VB) i.e. VA is less always-on than VB in PST PST VA VB PS1 ON ON PS2 ON OFF PS3 OFF ON PS4 OFF OFF

10 PST Scenarios SN AON Algorithm PST AON Algorithm PST(VA) > PST(VB) > PST(VC) n1 n2 n3 n1 n2 n3 normal mv_ao or dont_touch normal normal normal normal PST(VA) > PST(VB) = PST(VC) PST(VA) = PST(VB) > PST(VC) normal mv_ao or dont_touch normal mv_ao or dont_touch normal normal normal normal normal normal normal normal VA or VC n1 n3 n2 PST AON n1 n2 n3 normal VA or VC n1 dont_touch n3 n2 n2 is always normal regardless of VA and VC availability in PD_B

11 When PST(VA) = PST(VB) < PST(VC), an isolation cell is needed at PD_C. PST AON can make n2 normal net When PST(VA) = PST(VB) = PST(VC), all the 3 nets are normal by both SN AON and PST AON algorithms n1 n2 n3 d ISO n1 n2 n3 Behavior n1 n2 n3 SN AON normal ao or d(*) ao or d(*) PST AON normal normal ao or d(*) Behavior n1 n2 n3 SN AON normal normal (*) normal PST AON normal normal normal

12 n1 n2 n3 The first two cases has no isolation cell requirement by PST Case I : PST(VA) > PST(VB) PST(VC) > PST(VB) PST(VA) >= PST(VC) VA VB VC ON ON ON ON OFF ON OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF Case II : PST(VA) <> PST(VB) VA ON OFF ON OFF VB ON ON OFF OFF Isolation violation If a normal buffer (powered by VB) is inserted for n2 Signal cannot reach the load since VB can be OFF for this power state.

13 Case III : PST(VA) > PST(VB) PST(VC) > PST(VB) PST(VA) < PST(VC) Isolation cell at PD_C or PD_B n1 n2 n3 PMU Iso_en d ISO VA VB VC Violation when Normal buffer(vb) inserted at n2 ON OFF ON Signal corrupted by VB, and pass through isolation cells en Case IV : PST(VA) <PST(VB) Isolation cell at PD_B Adding Normal Buffer (VB) at net n2 leads to additional isolation violation since VB is more always on than VA n1 n2 Iso_en PMU d ISO en PD_C (VC) n3

14 The proposed PST based AON synthesis algorithm has been evaluated on a latest mobile SoCplatform, which has more than 30 power domains and complex power ON/OFF scenarios The PST based AON synthesis algorithm has significantly reduced the number of dont_touch net by AON synthesis algorithm from to 737, which achieves about 49Xreduction gain. Number of dont_touch nets due to AONalg. SN AON 49X PST AON It has been verified that all the remaining dont_touch wires by AON Algorithms are due to PST limitation. Cases No. of Wires Case I 477 Case II 0 Case III 260 Case IV 0

15 A new AON synthesis algorithm, based on PST in UPF, has been proposed, to solve the issue of thousands of dont_touch attribute on the wire assigned by current AON synthesis algorithm in implementation tools. The PST based AON synthesis algorithm has been tested with a latest mobile SoCplatform, which reduce the number of dont_touch wires by 49X.

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