Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

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1 RA110 test 3 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. An object 35 cm in width is radiographed at 100 cm SID and at a 50 cm SOD. What is the width of the radiographic image of the object? a cm c. 70 cm b. 2 cm d. none of these 2. The focal spot primarily controls a. density c. distortion b. contrast d. detail 3. Detail in a radiograph is dependent on all of the following except a. OID c. focal spot size b. SID d. size of the generator 4. Which of the following screen speeds would produce radiograph with the least contrast? a. 50 c. 400 b. 200 d Which screen speed will need the highest mas to obtain a satisfactory radiograph a. 50 c. 400 b. 100 d Density will increase with an increase in which of the following 1. ma 2. time 3. kv 4. distance 5. OID 6. film speed 7. anatomical part 8. oxygen a. 4, 6, and 8 c. 1,2,3 and 6 b. 2,3,4 and 8 d. 1,2,4, and 6 7. Which focal spot will give you the best detail? a. 1.5mm c..6mm b..3mm d. 1.0mm 8. Small focal spots a. prevent filament burnout b. provide for minimal possible exposure time c. are used for fine detail radiography d. minimize motion unsharpness 9. If you halved the time of exposure, how much would you change the milliamperage to obtain the same density on the radiograph? a. Use 4 times the milliamperage c. Add 10 milliamperes b. Double the milliamperage d. Use half the milliamperage 10. Changing the shape of an object is called what? a. Distortion c. Magnification b. Minification d. Definition 11. Which of the following affects shape distortion?

2 a. Focal spot size c. SID b. OID d. X-ray tube angulation An exposure calls for 200 mas at 48 inch distance, what mas would be required at 40 inch distance? a. 167 mas c. 288 mas b. none of these d. 139 mas Which of the following is likely to occur if kilovoltage is increased for a radiographic exposure? a. shorter scale of contrast c. all of these b. Increased density d. Increased contrast Having the patient hold their breath during a chest x-ray helps to ensure a decrease in a. motion c. distortion b. contrast d. detail A film is said to possess excessive radiographic density. This would appear: a. To have poor recorded detail c. To have excessive contrast b. Darker than normal d. Lighter than normal Which of the following factors will not have an effect on radiographic contrast? a. Radiation Fog c. Distance b. Screen speed d. Patient Which screen speed will give the best detail a. 100 c b. 400 d. 50 A decrease in scatter will occur as: a. FSS decreases c. kv decreases b. OlD decreases d. SID decreases Contrast would increase with a decrease in 1. kv 2. mas 3. OID 4. grid ratio 5. focal spot 6. tube alignment 7. screen speed 8. field size a. 3, 4, 7 1 and c. 8 only b. 1 and 8 d. 5-7 In order to see a noticeable change in radiographic density, a change of in the mas is required a. 5% c. 10% b. 30% d. 15% As distance increases, radiation intensity a. decreases c. increases b. no change Which of the following techniques will have the greatest density? a. 400 ma.05 sec 80 kv c. 800 ma.03 sec 80 kv b. 200 ma 1/10sec 80 kv d. 800 ma 1/5 sec 68 kv A radiograph of the abdomen was made at 40 SID using 300 ma, 1/20 second and 80KV. If the time were changed to 1/10 second, what would the new mas be? a. 23 mas c. 18 mas

3 b. 10 mas d. 30 mas As contrast decreases, how is the number of densities in the film affected? a. Remains the same c. Varies from film to film b. Increases d. Decreases mas is calculated by a. kv x time c. ma x time b. distance x time d. mas / ma Which of the following sets of technical factors will result in a film with the least amount of involuntary motion? a. 800 ma.03 sec 80 kv c. 200 ma 1/10sec 80 kv b. 800 ma 1/5 sec 70 kv d. 400 ma.05 sec 80 kv Which of the following will not contribute to the underexposure of a radiograph? a. SID set too high c. Milliamperage set too low b. Focal spot size set too high d. Kilovoltage set too low If the SID is 40 inches, the OID 3 inches, and the image length 5 inches, what is the object length? a. 1.1 c b. 4.6 d. 5.4 If the ma is increased, how must the time be changed in order to maintain the same density? a. Always Doubled c. Decreased b. Increased d. Always reduced in half The greater the number of photons reaching the film, the a. Lower the contrast c. Lower the density b. Greater the contrast d. Greater the density A technique of 160 mas and 60 kv has been employed in producing a satisfactory radiograph. In order to reduce this to 80 mas, a new kv of should be employed. a. 69 kv c. 86 kv b. 51 kv d. 74 kv An object 10 cm in length is radiographed at 200 cm SID and at 100 cm OID. What is the length of the radiographic image of the object? a. 20 cm c. 2 cm b. 5 cm d. 50 cm The amount of darkening seen on any radiograph is termed: a. Contrast c. Base fog b. Attenuation d. Density The primary function of mas during a radiographic exposure is to: a. Increase penetration c. Increase contrast b. Regulate density d. Improve contrast An increase in film density can result from an increase in: 1. Source-to-image distance 2. Kilovoltage 3. Milliampere seconds a. 1, 2 & 3 d. 2 only b. 1 only e. 2 & 3 only c. 3 only Difference in density between adjacent areas of a radiograph is referred to as a. brightness c. density b. contrast d. detail

4 37. How does a increase in developer temperature affect radiographic contrast? a. Has no effect on contrast c. Produces less contrast b. Eliminates contrast d. Produces higher contrast 38. What advantage is there to magnifying an object? 1. Recorded detail increases 2. Small objects become visible 3. There is less distortion a. 2 only c. 1 & 2 only b. 1,2 & 3 d. 1 only 39. Recorded detail can be improved by which of the following? a. Air gap technique c. Higher contrast b. Greater density d. Smaller focal spot size 40. Which of the following factors have the greatest effect on radiographic density? a. mas & kvp c. Geometric factors b. Focal spot sizes d. tube angle 41. If 500 ma has been selected for a particular exposure, what time would be required to produce 25 mas? a. 25 seconds c..05 seconds b..25 seconds d. 20 seconds 42. Focal Spot only has an affect on a. Distortion c. Detail b. Density d. Contrast 43. Which of the following techniques will have the greatest density? a. 200 ma 1/20sec 80 kv c. all are the same b sec 58 kv d. 400 ma.05 sec 68 kv 44. A radiograph that shows a small differential attenuation will appear to have: a. High density c. Low contrast b. High resolution d. Poor definition 45. The density of a radiograph can be increased by employing a: a. Longer focus-film distance c. Larger focal spot b. Higher mas value d. Lower kv setting 46. Which of the following would be used to minimize size distortion? 1. Shortest possible OID 2. Smallest focal spot size 3. Longest SID a. 1 only c. 2 & 3 only b. 1 & 3 only d & occurs in the patient, resulting in in the displayed image. a. differential absorption, contrast c. brightness, differential absorption b. contrast, detail d. detail, Contrast 48. Which of the following could be used to increase detail a. increase in distance c. increase in kv b. increase in time d. increase in mas 49. Which of the following factors will have the greatest effect on recorded detail? a. Contrast c. Size of cassette b. Screen speed d. mas 50. When a substance is exposed to diagnostic x-rays, the amount of attenuation is primarily dependent upon the of the attenuator

5 a. Electron density c. Viscosity b. Atomic number d. Proton-neutron ratio 51. Foreshortening of an anatomic structure means that it is a. imaged in an elongated fashion b. projected on the film smaller that its actual size c. accompanied by significant geometric blur d. magnified 52. Radiographic density can be defined as the a. Difference in blackening between the areas of the radiograph b. Base plus fog blackening of the radiograph c. Overall blackening of the radiograph d. Ratio of film speed to screen speed 53. Which of the following is not considered one of the factors that affects recorded detail? a. SID c. mas b. Focal spot size d. OID 54. Patient motion can be used to an advantage in which of the following procedures? a. Chest radiography c. Gastrointestinal radiography b. Lateral thoracic spine d. Coronary Angiography 55. Foreshortening of a radiographic image will most likely result from: a. An increased SID c. Improper tube-part-film alignment b. An increased OlD d. All of the above 56. Which time would best be used on a small child's abdomen in order to limit motion? a. 1/10 sec c..05 sec b. 2 sec d. 1/40 sec 57. A 15% increase in kv is equivalent to a. Doubling the density c. all of these b. no change in density d. decreasing the density 58. Find the magnification factor if the SID is 48 inches and the OID is 3 inches. a. 16 c..04 b. 7 d A radiograph is taken of an object 10 cm in width and the resulting radiographic image measures 20 cm in width.lf a 100 cm SID was used, what was the source-to-object distance employed? a. 2 cm c. 5 cm b. 50 cm d. 20 cm 60. Which of the following is the most important influencing factor relative to shape distortion? a. screen speed c. mas b. SID d. Tube-part-film alignment 61. As the grid ratio increases, will decrease a. contrast c. detail b. distortion d. density 62. Which of the following radiographic procedures requires a long scale of contrast? a. Myelography c. Chest b. Angiography d. Lumbar spine 63. Which of the following will increase recorded detail in a radiograph? a. increase in screen speed c. increased focal spot size b. decrease in OID d. increase in patient motion 64.

6 What is the percent of magnification when the image is 10 inches wide and the object is 8 inches wide? a..25% c. 1.25% b. 25% d..2% To avoid shape distortion, which of the following must be paid close attention to? a. Focal object distance c. Part-to-table top distance b. Part angulation d. SID A technique of 150 mas and 70 kv has been employed in producing a satisfactory radiograph. In order to reduce this to 75 mas, a new kv of should be employed. a. 75 kv c. 70 kv b. all of these d. 80 kv The area of unsharpness around a radiographic image is termed: a. Remnant c. Penumbra b. Umbra d. Fluorescence Which of the following changes will increase the amount of distortion appearing on a radiographic image? 1. Using a large focal spot 2. Employing tube angulation 3. Increasing object-film distance a. 2 only d. 1, 2 & 3 b. 3 only e. 2 & 3 only c. 1 only Angling of the xray beam will have the MOST noticeable effect on: a. density c. shape distortion b. magnification d. contrast The primary exposure factor that is used for regulating radiographic contrast is: a. kv c. Distance b. Focal spot size d. mas If the intensity of the beam is 24mR at 48 in distance, what is the intensity at 72 in distance? a. 36mR c. 11mR b. 54mR d. 16mR Which of the following factors will affect recorded detail on the radiographic image? a. All of the above c. Focal spot size b. Object-image distance d. source-object distance When you increase collimation,(smaller field size) this results in density a. Increased c. No change b. decreased Recorded detail can be improved by which of the following? a. Minimum tube to object distance c. Maximum OID b. Minimum SID d. Maximum SID Which of the following is considered the main factor in the control of radiographic density? a. kvp c. OID b. SID d. mas Which of the following kv setting will contribute the greatest density? a. 95 kv c. 80 kv b. 85 kv d. 90 kv The amount of magnification of a radiographic image can be determined by the formula:

7 a. SOD/OID c. None of the above b. SID /SOD d. OID/SOD 78. If 2/5 seconds were used at 51 inch distance, what seconds would be needed for an exposure at 72 inch distance? a. 4/5 seconds c..8 seconds b. 800 ms d. all of the above 79. The inverse square law states that a. the square of the intensity is directly proportional to the distance b. the square of the intensity is inversely proportional to the distance c. intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance d. intensity is directly proportional to the square of the distance 80. Improper tube, object and film alignment with no change in focal-film distance will result in: a. Motion distortion c. contrast distortion b. Shape distortion d. Screen distortion 81. An unavoidable OID may be compensated for by: a. increasing SID c. decreasing KV b. increasing focal spot size d. decreasing MAS 82. Which of the following will cause an increase in radiographic contrast 1. Increasing screen speed 2. increasing grid ratio 3. increasing photon energy a. 1 and 2 only c. 1 and 3 only b. 1, 2, and 3 d. 2 and 3 only 83. Low KV results in 1. short scale contrast 2. long scale contrast 3. low contrast 4. high contrast a. 3 only c. 2 and 3 b. 1 and 3 d. 1 and To minimize magnification, you should a. place the object as close to the film as practical b. use the small focal spot station c. use low kv d. place the xray tube as close to the patient as practical 85. What is the primary function of the mas as it relates to radiographic quality? a. Control contrast c. Control sharpness b. Control density d. Control distortion 86. An increase in source image distance (SID) with no other changes made, will result in a radiograph, showing: a. Lower radiographic density c. Shorter scale of contrast b. More magnification distortion d. Lower recorded detail 87. A reduction of scattered radiation on a radiographic film is likely to occur with an increase in: a. Part thickness c. collimation b. Focal spot size d. kv

8 RA110 test 3 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C 2. ANS: D 3. ANS: D 4. ANS: A 5. ANS: A 6. ANS: C 7. ANS: B 8. ANS: C 9. ANS: B 10. ANS: A 11. ANS: D 12. ANS: D 13. ANS: B 14. ANS: A 15. ANS: B 16. ANS: C 17. ANS: D 18. ANS: C 19. ANS: B 20. ANS: B 21. ANS: A 22. ANS: D 23. ANS: D 24. ANS: B 25. ANS: C 26. ANS: A 27. ANS: B 28. ANS: B 29. ANS: C 30. ANS: D 31. ANS: A 32. ANS: A 33. ANS: D 34. ANS: B 35. ANS: E 36. ANS: B 37. ANS: C 38. ANS: A 39. ANS: D 40. ANS: A 41. ANS: C

9 42. ANS: C 43. ANS: C 44. ANS: C 45. ANS: B 46. ANS: B 47. ANS: A 48. ANS: A 49. ANS: B 50. ANS: B 51. ANS: B 52. ANS: C 53. ANS: C 54. ANS: B 55. ANS: C 56. ANS: D 57. ANS: A 58. ANS: D 59. ANS: B 60. ANS: D 61. ANS: D 62. ANS: C 63. ANS: B 64. ANS: B 65. ANS: B 66. ANS: D 67. ANS: C 68. ANS: E 69. ANS: C 70. ANS: A 71. ANS: C 72. ANS: A 73. ANS: B 74. ANS: D 75. ANS: D 76. ANS: A 77. ANS: B 78. ANS: D 79. ANS: C 80. ANS: B 81. ANS: A 82. ANS: A 83. ANS: D 84. ANS: A 85. ANS: B 86. ANS: A 87. ANS: C