Optical Properties of Metals 1

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1 Optal Propertes of Metals Energy n (ev) Germanum Wave vetor L X st September, Mael Marder

2 Defntons Penomenology of Metals Anomalous Sn Effet Plasmons Interband Transtons Brlloun and Raman Satterng Potoemsson Wor Funton Angle Resolved Potoemsson Spetrosopy (ARPES) Carge Transfer Insulators st September, Mael Marder

3 m Plasma Freueny ev 5 Hz (L) p (L) p 4 ne m Hz n m (L) st September, Mael Marder

4 Plasma Freueny 4 Carge moton A Fgure : Plasma osllatons st September, Mael Marder

5 Plasma Freueny 5 p (L4) en E 4 n e (L5) 4 ne m (L6) p 4 ne (L7) m st September, Mael Marder

6 p Plasma Freueny 6 Complex refratve ndex n Absorbng n Refletng Transmttng p n n Freueny p Fgure : Index of refraton n and extnton oeffent for metal st September, Mael Marder

7 , Mael Marder Plasma Freueny 7 p n p (L8) p (L9) p and n p p (L) n p p (L) p st September

8 , Mael Marder g g Metals at Low Freuenes 8 g t g e E g g (L) E E e r t (L) g r g e r t (L4) g e E f (L5) e f E (L6) j e d g (L7) e d f E (L8) st September

9 Metals at Low Freuenes 9 e d f (L9) e d 4 (L) 4 e d 4 (L) n (L) n F (La) n F (Lb) and F or euvalently lt (L) st September, Mael Marder

10 Metals at Low Freuenes (L4) p (L5) wt p m opt 4 ne m opt m d d f m f x d n (L6) (L7) st September, Mael Marder

11 Anomalous Sn Effet Fgure : Anomalous sn effet st September, Mael Marder

12 Anomalous Sn Effet d d d x F os (L8) xx e e 4 4 d d F F os F (L9) (L) st September, Mael Marder

13 , Mael Marder Plasmons e f (L) e f (L) e f m m m m (L) e f m m (L4) e f m m (L5) st September

14 Plasmons 4 N f d 4 4 f (L6) f 5 N (L7) F 4 ne m 5 F m (L8) p 5 F m (L9) p 6 5 F (L4) m st September, Mael Marder

15 Expermental Observaton of Plasmons 5 Eletron ount Energy loss, (ev) Fgure 4: Eletron energy loss to plasma osllatons [ Lang (948)] st September, Mael Marder

16 , Mael Marder Expermental Observaton of Plasmons Eletron ounts ( urves magnfed by dfferent fators for vsblty) Energy loss. Fgure 5: Eletron energy loss to plasmons as a funton of angle [ Kunz (96)] (L4) st September

17 Expermental Observaton of Plasmons 7 sn p pl m (L4) pl 5 F (L4) m p Element Be Al Mg Sb Na pl [from E. (L4)] pl (experment) st September, Mael Marder

18 Interband Transtons 8 5 (ev) 5 low F N ouped states Fgure 6: Te sodum eletron bands. st September, Mael Marder

19 , Mael Marder Interband Transtons 9 n P n (L44) g low r r e e r K r e K r U e r U K K K K (L45) (L46) Re e m K f K K K K U (L47) st September K

20 Interband Transtons D j 4e m K K U K f D j K (L49) (L5) 4 m 4 K g low (L5) wt g K F m K low K m KF (L5) st September, Mael Marder

21 Interband Transtons ) ( 4 s 5 Cs 5 Na K Rb F Fgure 7: Absorpton of alal metals [Smt (97)] st September, Mael Marder

22 Interband Transtons 6 Au Im 4 Cu Ag 4 (ev) Fgure 8: Noble metal absorpton [Tèye (968)] st September, Mael Marder

23 Brlloun and Raman Satterng Conserve (Crystal) Momentum: f (L5) Conserve Energy: n f f (L54) st September, Mael Marder

24 Brlloun Satterng 4 p (L55) f f f n p n p n p f sn f os (L56) os (L57) (L58) st September, Mael Marder

25 Brlloun Satterng 5 Intensty (Arbtrary Unts) L T R T L Freueny sft (m ) Fgure 9: Brlloun satterng from te () surfae of germanum [Sandero (97).] st September, Mael Marder

26 Raman Satterng (ev) Wave number (ev) Fgure : Dsperson relaton of polartons n GaP [ Henry and Hopfeld (965)] st September, Mael Marder

27 Inelast X-Ray Satterng 7 Energy (mev) A Wave number Neutrons X-rays Fgure : Dsperson relaton of longtudnal ponons n beryllum [ Dorner et al. (987).] st September, Mael Marder

28 Measurement of Wor Funtons 8 Potoeletron urrent (arbtrary unts) Bndng energy (mev) Fgure : Measurement of Ferm funton [Pattey et al. (99)] st September, Mael Marder

29 Compound Surfae Wor Funtons 9 (ev) Compound Surfae Ag () 4.64 Na ().9 () 4.5 Nb () 4. () 4.74 () 4.87 Al () 4. () 4.6 () 4.6 N () 5. () 4.6 () 5.4 Au () 5.47 () 5.5 () 5.7 Pt () 5.84 () 5. S () 4.85 Be () 5. () Cu () 5. () 4.87 () 4.48 W () 4.6 () 4.94 () 5.5 Fe () 4.67 () 4.47 Ge () 4.68SC () 4.6 () 8 4.5AlN () 5.5 K ().9 GaAs () 5.56 Mg ().7 GaSb () 4.9 Mo () 4.5 InP () 5.85 () 4.95 () 4.55 (ev) st September, Mael Marder

30 Potons n Angle-Resolved Potoemsson Analyzer Eletrons out Detetor Sample Fgure : Angle-resolved potoemsson experment. n B (L59) B fnal n (L6) st September, Mael Marder

31 , Mael Marder Bndng energy (ev) Angle-Resolved Potoemsson p U x dt U (L6) 4 8 Potoeletron urrent (arbtrary unts and offset) Fgure 4: Poton njeton and eletron emsson n beryllum along []. [Jensen et al. (984)] st September 5eV 7eV 9eV ev ev 5eV 7eV 9eV ev ev 5eV 7eV 9eV 59eV 79eV 99eV ev 5eV

32 Angle-Resolved Potoemsson Energy n (ev) Germanum L Wave vetor X Fgure 5: Teoretal alulatons of Loue (99). Experments of Was et al. (985) and Straub et al. (986). st September, Mael Marder

33 Angle-Resolved Potoemsson 6 Slon 6 Gallum arsende n (ev) Energy L (A) 5 5 X U Wave vetor K n (ev) Energy L (B) 5 K X Wave vetor Fgure 6: (A) Slon: teory of Celowsy and Coen (976), experments of Straub et al. (986) and R et al. (989). (B) GaAs: Teory of Pandey and Pllps (974), experments of Cang et al. (98) and Wllams et al. (986). st September, Mael Marder

34 Carge-Transfer Insulators 4 ) Absorpton oeffent (m Poton energy (ev) Fgure 7: Optal absorpton of CoO. [ Powell and Sper (97).] O Cu n Fgure 8: Struture of CuO [Åsbrn and Norrby (97)]. st September, Mael Marder

35 Carge-Transfer Insulators 5 d 9 O II d 9 O II (L6a) d O I d O I (L6b) d 9 O II d O I do I d 9 O II T (L6) T T (L64) os d 9 O II sn d O I (L65a) were tan T (L65b) I d 9 O II I d 9 O II ore(l66a) I d O I I d O I ore Ud (L66b) st September, Mael Marder

36 Ud Carge-Transfer Insulators 6 ore T T ore Ud (L67) f os f I d 9 O II sn f I d O I (L68a) f sn f I d 9 O II os f I d O I (L68b) were te label f ndates fnal states of te valene eletrons and T tan (L68) f Ud P I f (L69) 4T (L7) f f tan (L7) f st September, Mael Marder

37 Carge-Transfer Insulators 7 CuO Cu O Intensty (Arbtrary unts) CuF CuCl CuBr Bndng energy (ev) Fgure 9: Core-level potoemsson from CuO [ Gjsen et al. (988), and van der Laan et al. (98).] st September, Mael Marder

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