Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers"

Transcription

1 Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

2 Simplified block diagram of a lock-in amplifier Signal in Signal amplifier Signal monitor PSD * Low-pass filter DC amplifier Reference in VCO ** Reference out output * PSD - phase sensitive detector; ** VCO - voltage controlled oscillator John H. Scofield, American Journal of Physics 62 (2) (Feb. 1994). 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

3 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

4 Phase shift y j=p/4, V out =0.72V in V in =sin(wt+p/4) V 0 sin(wt+j) j x reference reference output time (msec) 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

5 y Phase shift j=0, E x =E in The dependence of pattern of the output signal after demodulator on phase shift between input and reference signals V 0 sin(wt+j) j x j=p/4, E x =0.72E in j=p, E x =-E in reference j=p/2, E x =0 j=3p/2, E x =0 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

6 U x U x0 sin( w1t ) 1 - input signal U sin( w t ) - reference signal r 2 2 U U U U sin( w t )sin( w t ) U 2 de mod x r x x 0 cos(( w ) w t ) cos(( ) w w ) t ω 1 ω 2 ω 1 =ω 2 =ω U x 0 2 U x 0 2 ω 1 -ω 2 ω 1 +ω 2 2ω U U cos(2 wt ) cos( ) 2 x 0 de mod U U de mod cos( 1 ) 2 2 x0 and after low-pass filtering 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

7 Two channels demodulation In many technical applications we need to measure both components (E x, E y ) of the input signal. To do this most of the modern lock-in amplifiers are equipped by two demodulators. E in =E o sin(wt+j) to E x channel y sin(wt) E y j x E x to E y channel cos(wt) 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

8 In 1961, Princeton Applied Research was founded by a group of scientists from Princeton University and the Plasma Physics Laboratory. With a desire to establish significant improvements to research instrumentation the team developed the first commercial lock-in amplifier in Robert Henry Dicke Model HR-8 f range: = 5Hz 150kHJz 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

9 Analog and digital lock-ins SR510 & SR530 Lock-In Amplifiers 0.5 Hz to 100 khz frequency range Current and voltage inputs Up to 80 db dynamic reserve Tracking band-pass and line filters Internal reference oscillator Four ADC inputs, two DAC outputs GPIB and RS-232 interfaces Analog lock-ins from Stanford Research Systems 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

10 Analog lock-ins SR530 Block-diagram of analog lock-in 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

11 Analog lock-ins SR124 Low noise, all analog design No digital interference 0.2 Hz to 200 khz measurement range Low noise current and voltage inputs Harmonic detection (f, 2f, or 3f) Selectable input filtering 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

12 Digital lock-ins Two DSP lock-in amplifiers: SR830 from Stanford Research Systems and 7265 from Signal Recovery. The main advantages of digital lock-ins: * high phase stability; * broad frequency range; * ideal for low and ultra low frequencies (up to 0.001Hz) * harmonics up to 65,536 (7265), 19,999 (SR830). 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

13 Analog and digital lock-ins Block-diagram of digital lock-in SR830 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

14 SR830 digital lock-ins GPIB V in Input amplifier + filters Main ADC DSP Output filters Ref. out Function generator clock DAC1 DAC1 DAC1 DAC1 ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 Block-diagram of digital lock-in 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

15 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications (i) Applying a small test signal (locked to the reference signal) to the studied object Asinwt Tested system Lock-in reference Examples: frequency domain spectroscopy (second sound), tunneling spectroscopy (analysis of the I-V curves), dielectric spectroscopy etc. 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

16 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications (ii) Modulating of the studied signal by the signal locked to the reference signal Function generator sync output modulation Green LED LED Power supply Fluorescence response Crystal under study SR830 lock-in signal input reference input Detector Examples: fluorescence experiment 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

17 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications 2 Transfer line 6 Lakeshore Temperature controller Heater Janis gas flow cryostat T Sample DT470 V input 4 5 GPIB PC computer (HP VEE) Preamplifier I/V Lock-in SR830 Asin(wt) AC output Experimental setup for measurement of the dielectric susceptibility (electrical conductivity) in the temperature range K 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

18 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Scanning of the frequency of the AC signal applied to transmitter we can find the frequencies of the acoustical resonance. Second sound experiment Receiver He4 AC drive signal Transmitter (heater) 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

19 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Optical pumping 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

20 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Optical pumping Function generator DMM Sweep coil 5.1kW Rb cell B 0 - main field SR830 lock-in B 0 +B 1 sin(wt) From TeachSpin detector reference 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

21 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications The choice of amplitude modulation VFG Isweep 5.1kW B k I 1 Optical pumping sweep sweep K sweep 0.6G/A If V FG = 1V B 1 ~ 0.12mG 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

22 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Optical pumping Analog detector record (I(f)) Lock-in detector record I H (f) 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

23 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications ev DC +ev AC ev AC ev DC Tunneling spectroscopy 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

24 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Tunneling spectroscopy ev DC only Courtesy of Anna Miller and Everett Vacek 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

25 Lock-in amplifier technique: some applications Tunneling spectroscopy ev DC +ev AC Courtesy of Anna Miller and Everett Vacek 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

26 Lock-in amplifier technique: demo Function generator S Lock-in amplifier Noise demo lock-in 10/25/2017 Physics 403 Fall

Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers

Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers 12/5/2018 Physics 403 Spring 2018 1 Simplified block diagram of a lock-in

More information

Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers

Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers Measuring of small AC signals using lock-in amplifiers. Narrow band selective amplifiers + amplitude detector. Lock-in amplifiers 3/12/2013 Physics 403 Spring 2013 1 Simplified block diagram of a lock-in

More information

Introduction. sig. ref. sig

Introduction. sig. ref. sig Introduction A lock-in amplifier, in common with most AC indicating instruments, provides a DC output proportional to the AC signal under investigation. The special rectifier, called a phase-sensitive

More information

SIGNAL RECOVERY. Model 7265 DSP Lock-in Amplifier

SIGNAL RECOVERY. Model 7265 DSP Lock-in Amplifier Model 7265 DSP Lock-in Amplifier FEATURES 0.001 Hz to 250 khz operation Voltage and current mode inputs Direct digital demodulation without down-conversion 10 µs to 100 ks output time constants Quartz

More information

레이저의주파수안정화방법및그응용 박상언 ( 한국표준과학연구원, 길이시간센터 )

레이저의주파수안정화방법및그응용 박상언 ( 한국표준과학연구원, 길이시간센터 ) 레이저의주파수안정화방법및그응용 박상언 ( 한국표준과학연구원, 길이시간센터 ) Contents Frequency references Frequency locking methods Basic principle of loop filter Example of lock box circuits Quantifying frequency stability Applications

More information

Lock-Ins for electrical measurements

Lock-Ins for electrical measurements Lock-Ins for electrical measurements At low temperatures small electrical signals, small signal changes interesting physics Problems: Noise Groundloops SNR FAM-Talk October 17 th 2014 1 Types of noise

More information

8.5 Modulation of Signals

8.5 Modulation of Signals 8.5 Modulation of Signals basic idea and goals measuring atomic absorption without modulation measuring atomic absorption with modulation the tuned amplifier, diode rectifier and low pass the lock-in amplifier

More information

DETECTING THE RATIO OF I AC

DETECTING THE RATIO OF I AC T E C H N O L O G Y F O R P O L A R I Z A T I O N M E A S U R E M E N T DETECTING THE RATIO OF I AC MEASUREMENT OF THE RAGE INTENSITY OF A MODULATED LIGHT BEAM In any experiment using photoelastic modulators

More information

Detecting the Ratio of I ac. /I ave. photoelastic modulators

Detecting the Ratio of I ac. /I ave. photoelastic modulators Measurement of the Average Intensity of a Modulated Light Beam In any experiment using (PEMs it is necessary to compare the time average intensity of the light at the detector with the amplitude of a single

More information

Noise and Interference, the Lock-In Amplifier, (and the IV-meetkast) ( )

Noise and Interference, the Lock-In Amplifier, (and the IV-meetkast) ( ) Noise and Interference, the Lock-In Amplifier, (and the IV-meetkast) ( ) Caspar van der Wal FND group talk, modified to web-tutorial - 4 November 2004 Why look into this? You measure much faster if you

More information

THE BENEFITS OF DSP LOCK-IN AMPLIFIERS

THE BENEFITS OF DSP LOCK-IN AMPLIFIERS THE BENEFITS OF DSP LOCK-IN AMPLIFIERS If you never heard of or don t understand the term lock-in amplifier, you re in good company. With the exception of the optics industry where virtually every major

More information

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCK-IN AMPLIFIER FOR NOISY SIGNALS

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCK-IN AMPLIFIER FOR NOISY SIGNALS Integrated Journal of Engineering Research and Technology HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOCK-IN AMPLIFIER FOR NOISY SIGNALS Prachee P. Dhapte, Shriyash V. Gadve Department of Electronics and Telecommunication

More information

Development of a spectrometry system Using lock-in amplification technique

Development of a spectrometry system Using lock-in amplification technique VNU. JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, Mathematics - Physics, T.xXI, n 0 2, 2005 Development of a spectrometry system Using lock-in amplification technique Department of Physics, College of Science, VNU Abstract. Raman

More information

Twelve voice signals, each band-limited to 3 khz, are frequency -multiplexed using 1 khz guard bands between channels and between the main carrier

Twelve voice signals, each band-limited to 3 khz, are frequency -multiplexed using 1 khz guard bands between channels and between the main carrier Twelve voice signals, each band-limited to 3 khz, are frequency -multiplexed using 1 khz guard bands between channels and between the main carrier and the first channel. The modulation of the main carrier

More information

easypll UHV Preamplifier Reference Manual

easypll UHV Preamplifier Reference Manual easypll UHV Preamplifier Reference Manual 1 Table of Contents easypll UHV-Pre-Amplifier for Tuning Fork 2 Theory... 2 Wiring of the pre-amplifier... 4 Technical specifications... 5 Version 1.1 BT 00536

More information

Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform. Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing

Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform. Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform Optimal for a wide range of terahertz research

More information

Lock-In Amplifiers SR510 and SR530 Analog lock-in amplifiers

Lock-In Amplifiers SR510 and SR530 Analog lock-in amplifiers Lock-In Ampliiers SR510 and SR530 Analog lock-in ampliiers SR510/SR530 Lock-In Ampliiers 0.5 Hz to 100 khz requency range Current and voltage inputs Up to 80 db dynamic reserve Tracking band-pass and line

More information

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AIMED TO STUDY THE ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE VARIATIONS OF A PLASMA COLUMN IN A WIDE FREQUENCY RANGE

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AIMED TO STUDY THE ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE VARIATIONS OF A PLASMA COLUMN IN A WIDE FREQUENCY RANGE (c) Romanian RRP 66(No. Reports in 3) Physics, 746 753 Vol. 2014 66, No. 3, P. 746 753, 2014 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AIMED TO STUDY THE ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE VARIATIONS OF A PLASMA COLUMN IN A WIDE FREQUENCY

More information

Quantum frequency standard Priority: Filing: Grant: Publication: Description

Quantum frequency standard Priority: Filing: Grant: Publication: Description C Quantum frequency standard Inventors: A.K.Dmitriev, M.G.Gurov, S.M.Kobtsev, A.V.Ivanenko. Priority: 2010-01-11 Filing: 2010-01-11 Grant: 2011-08-10 Publication: 2011-08-10 Description The present invention

More information

Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform. Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing

Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform. Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform Full Coverage of Applications From R&D to Industrial Testing Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy and Analysis Platform Optimal for a wide range of terahertz research

More information

Density and temperature maxima at specific? and B

Density and temperature maxima at specific? and B Density and temperature maxima at specific? and B Matthew M. Balkey, Earl E. Scime, John L. Kline, Paul Keiter, and Robert Boivin 11/15/2007 1 Slide 1 Abstract We report measurements of electron density

More information

Application Note (A12)

Application Note (A12) Application Note (A2) The Benefits of DSP Lock-in Amplifiers Revision: A September 996 Gooch & Housego 4632 36 th Street, Orlando, FL 328 Tel: 47 422 37 Fax: 47 648 542 Email: sales@goochandhousego.com

More information

Utilizzo del Time Domain per misure EMI

Utilizzo del Time Domain per misure EMI Utilizzo del Time Domain per misure EMI Roberto Sacchi Measurement Expert Manager - Europe 7 Giugno 2017 Compliance EMI receiver requirements (CISPR 16-1-1 ) range 9 khz - 18 GHz: A normal +/- 2 db absolute

More information

Receiver Design. Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21

Receiver Design. Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21 Receiver Design Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21 MW & RF Design / Prof. T. -L. Wu 1 The receiver mush be very sensitive to -110dBm

More information

Diode Laser Control Electronics. Diode Laser Locking and Linewidth Narrowing. Rudolf Neuhaus, Ph.D. TOPTICA Photonics AG

Diode Laser Control Electronics. Diode Laser Locking and Linewidth Narrowing. Rudolf Neuhaus, Ph.D. TOPTICA Photonics AG Appl-1012 Diode Laser Control Electronics Diode Laser Locking and Linewidth Narrowing Rudolf Neuhaus, Ph.D. TOPTICA Photonics AG Introduction Stabilized diode lasers are well established tools for many

More information

Development of high-sensitivity magnetometer for EDM experiment with 129 Xe spin oscillator

Development of high-sensitivity magnetometer for EDM experiment with 129 Xe spin oscillator Development of high-sensitivity magnetometer for EDM experiment with 129 Xe spin oscillator A. Yoshimi RIKEN Nishina Center ( ~ 2011.9) Okayama University ( 2011.10 ~ ) T. Nanao 1, T. Inoue 1, M. Chikamori

More information

EE 435. Lecture 34. Spectral Performance Windowing Quantization Noise

EE 435. Lecture 34. Spectral Performance Windowing Quantization Noise EE 435 Lecture 34 Spectral Performance Windowing Quantization Noise . Review from last lecture. Are there any strategies to address the problem of requiring precisely an integral number of periods to use

More information

Keysight Technologies

Keysight Technologies Keysight Technologies Generating Signals Basic CW signal Block diagram Applications Analog Modulation Types of analog modulation Block diagram Applications Digital Modulation Overview of IQ modulation

More information

Preliminary features of the SDR-X receiver SDR-X , PowerSDR Winrad Winrad DDS SFDR SFDR AD995 AD99 1

Preliminary features of the SDR-X receiver SDR-X , PowerSDR Winrad Winrad DDS SFDR SFDR AD995 AD99 1 Preliminary features of the SDR-X receiver The SDR-X receiver, in its full version is capable of continuously tuning the entire HF spectrum, 6m ( 50-52 MHz) band included. SSB, AM etc. demodulation, bandpass

More information

Analog Circuits and Systems

Analog Circuits and Systems Analog Circuits and Systems Prof. K Radhakrishna Rao Lecture 31: Waveform Generation 1 Review Phase Locked Loop (self tuned filter) 2 nd order High Q low-pass output phase compared with the input 90 phase

More information

Femtosecond Synchronization of Laser Systems for the LCLS

Femtosecond Synchronization of Laser Systems for the LCLS Femtosecond Synchronization of Laser Systems for the LCLS, Lawrence Doolittle, Gang Huang, John W. Staples, Russell Wilcox (LBNL) John Arthur, Josef Frisch, William White (SLAC) 26 Aug 2010 FEL2010 1 Berkeley

More information

ANALOG COMMUNICATION

ANALOG COMMUNICATION ANALOG COMMUNICATION TRAINING LAB Analog Communication Training Lab consists of six kits, one each for Modulation (ACL-01), Demodulation (ACL-02), Modulation (ACL-03), Demodulation (ACL-04), Noise power

More information

Optical Pumping Control Unit

Optical Pumping Control Unit (Advanced) Experimental Physics V85.0112/G85.2075 Optical Pumping Control Unit Fall, 2012 10/16/2012 Introduction This document is gives an overview of the optical pumping control unit. Magnetic Fields

More information

Synchronization. EE442 Lecture 17. All digital receivers must be synchronized to the incoming signal s(t).

Synchronization. EE442 Lecture 17. All digital receivers must be synchronized to the incoming signal s(t). Synchronization EE442 Lecture 17 All digital receivers must be synchronized to the incoming signal s(t). This means we must have a way to perform (1) Bit or symbol synchronization (2) Frame synchronization

More information

Heterodyne Sweeping Radiometer

Heterodyne Sweeping Radiometer 46 Robezu str. LV-1004 Riga, Latvia Fax: +371-7-065102 Mm-wave Division in St. Petersburg, Russia Fax: +7-812- 326-10-60 Tel: +7-812-326-59-24 E-mail: ivanovph@nnz.ru Heterodyne Sweeping Radiometer Operation

More information

9 Best Practices for Optimizing Your Signal Generator Part 2 Making Better Measurements

9 Best Practices for Optimizing Your Signal Generator Part 2 Making Better Measurements 9 Best Practices for Optimizing Your Signal Generator Part 2 Making Better Measurements In consumer wireless, military communications, or radar, you face an ongoing bandwidth crunch in a spectrum that

More information

Improved Low Frequency Performance of a Geophone. S32A-19 AGU Spring 98

Improved Low Frequency Performance of a Geophone. S32A-19 AGU Spring 98 Improved Low Frequency Performance of a Geophone S32A-19 1 Aaron Barzilai 1, Tom VanZandt 2, Tom Pike 2, Steve Manion 2, Tom Kenny 1 1 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University 2 Center for Space

More information

Optical generation of frequency stable mm-wave radiation using diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers

Optical generation of frequency stable mm-wave radiation using diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers Optical generation of frequency stable mm-wave radiation using diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers T. Day and R. A. Marsland New Focus Inc. 340 Pioneer Way Mountain View CA 94041 (415) 961-2108 R. L. Byer

More information

A DSP IMPLEMENTED DIGITAL FM MULTIPLEXING SYSTEM

A DSP IMPLEMENTED DIGITAL FM MULTIPLEXING SYSTEM A DSP IMPLEMENTED DIGITAL FM MULTIPLEXING SYSTEM Item Type text; Proceedings Authors Rosenthal, Glenn K. Publisher International Foundation for Telemetering Journal International Telemetering Conference

More information

Timing Noise Measurement of High-Repetition-Rate Optical Pulses

Timing Noise Measurement of High-Repetition-Rate Optical Pulses 564 Timing Noise Measurement of High-Repetition-Rate Optical Pulses Hidemi Tsuchida National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, 305-8568 JAPAN Tel: 81-29-861-5342;

More information

DATA INTEGRATION MULTICARRIER REFLECTOMETRY SENSORS

DATA INTEGRATION MULTICARRIER REFLECTOMETRY SENSORS Report for ECE 4910 Senior Project Design DATA INTEGRATION IN MULTICARRIER REFLECTOMETRY SENSORS Prepared by Afshin Edrissi Date: Apr 7, 2006 1-1 ABSTRACT Afshin Edrissi (Cynthia Furse), Department of

More information

MEASURING HUM MODULATION USING MATRIX MODEL HD-500 HUM DEMODULATOR

MEASURING HUM MODULATION USING MATRIX MODEL HD-500 HUM DEMODULATOR MEASURING HUM MODULATION USING MATRIX MODEL HD-500 HUM DEMODULATOR The SCTE defines hum modulation as, The amplitude distortion of a signal caused by the modulation of the signal by components of the power

More information

MEMS Optical Scanner "ECO SCAN" Application Notes. Ver.0

MEMS Optical Scanner ECO SCAN Application Notes. Ver.0 MEMS Optical Scanner "ECO SCAN" Application Notes Ver.0 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Promotion Dept., Visionary Business Center The Nippon Signal Co., Ltd. 1 Preface This document summarizes precautions

More information

First results of a high performance optically-pumped cesium beam clock

First results of a high performance optically-pumped cesium beam clock First results of a high performance optically-pumped cesium beam clock Berthoud Patrick, Chief Scientist Time & Frequency Workshop on Synchronization and Timing Systems, WSTS 2016, San Jose CA, USA, June

More information

LOW TEMPERATURE STM/AFM

LOW TEMPERATURE STM/AFM * CreaTec STM of Au(111) using a CO-terminated tip, 20mV bias, 0.6nA* LOW TEMPERATURE STM/AFM High end atomic imaging, spectroscopy and manipulation Designed and manufactured in Germany by CreaTec Fischer

More information

SENSOR AND MEASUREMENT EXPERIMENTS

SENSOR AND MEASUREMENT EXPERIMENTS SENSOR AND MEASUREMENT EXPERIMENTS Page: 1 Contents 1. Capacitive sensors 2. Temperature measurements 3. Signal processing and data analysis using LabVIEW 4. Load measurements 5. Noise and noise reduction

More information

Lock-In-Amplifier Module

Lock-In-Amplifier Module Features BNC Connectors for Input and Output Signals Rugged Aluminium Housing Single Phase Detection with X Output Working Frequency 5 Hz... 10 khz, Digital Phase Shifter 0... 360 Parameter Control by

More information

About Lock-In Amplifiers Application Note #3

About Lock-In Amplifiers Application Note #3 www.thinksrs.com About Lock-In Amplifiers Application Note #3 Lock-in amplifiers are used to detect and measure very small AC signals all the way down to a few nanovolts. Accurate measurements may be made

More information

INF4420 Phase locked loops

INF4420 Phase locked loops INF4420 Phase locked loops Spring 2012 Jørgen Andreas Michaelsen (jorgenam@ifi.uio.no) Outline "Linear" PLLs Linear analysis (phase domain) Charge pump PLLs Delay locked loops (DLLs) Applications Introduction

More information

W-band vector network analyzer based on an audio lock-in amplifier * Abstract

W-band vector network analyzer based on an audio lock-in amplifier * Abstract SLAC PUB 7884 July 1998 W-band vector network analyzer based on an audio lock-in amplifier * R. H. Siemann Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94309 Abstract The design

More information

About Lock-In Amplifiers Application Note #3

About Lock-In Amplifiers Application Note #3 Application Note #3 Lock-in amplifiers are used to detect and measure very small AC signals all the way down to a few nanovolts. Accurate measurements may be made even when the small signal is obscured

More information

Spectrum Analyzers R3132/3132N/3162 R3132/3132N/3162. Low cost, high performance. General-Purpose Spectrum Analyzer Adaptable to Various Applications

Spectrum Analyzers R3132/3132N/3162 R3132/3132N/3162. Low cost, high performance. General-Purpose Spectrum Analyzer Adaptable to Various Applications Frequency band R3132 9 khz to 3 GHz R3132N:9 khz to 3 GHz R3162: 9 khz to 8 GHz High signal purity: -105 dbc (20 khz offset) Total level accuracy: ±1.5 db High speed GPIB useful for high speed productions

More information

2014 Short Form Test and Measurement Catalog

2014 Short Form Test and Measurement Catalog 2014 Short Form Test and Measurement Catalog Quality Products Since 1949 DC Source/Calibrators Tunable Active Filters Filter Systems Filter Modules Wideband Power Amplifiers Precision Phasemeters Distortion

More information

Specification for Radiated susceptibility Test

Specification for Radiated susceptibility Test 1 of 11 General Information on Radiated susceptibility test Supported frequency Range : 20MHz to 6GHz Supported Field strength : 30V/m at 3 meter distance 100V/m at 1 meter distance 2 of 11 Signal generator

More information

Characteristics of absorption and dispersion for rubidium D 2 lines with the modulation transfer spectrum

Characteristics of absorption and dispersion for rubidium D 2 lines with the modulation transfer spectrum Characteristics of absorption and dispersion for rubidium D 2 lines with the modulation transfer spectrum Jing Zhang, Dong Wei, Changde Xie, and Kunchi Peng The State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and

More information

Introduction. In the frequency domain, complex signals are separated into their frequency components, and the level at each frequency is displayed

Introduction. In the frequency domain, complex signals are separated into their frequency components, and the level at each frequency is displayed SPECTRUM ANALYZER Introduction A spectrum analyzer measures the amplitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument The spectrum analyzer is to the frequency

More information

SHRI ANGALAMMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution) SIRUGANOOR,TRICHY

SHRI ANGALAMMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution) SIRUGANOOR,TRICHY SHRI ANGALAMMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution) SIRUGANOOR,TRICHY-621105. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EI 1306-MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

More information

R3132/3162. Advanced Test Equipment Rentals ATEC (2832) R3132 : 9kHz to 3GHz R3162 : 9kHz to 8GHz

R3132/3162. Advanced Test Equipment Rentals ATEC (2832) R3132 : 9kHz to 3GHz R3162 : 9kHz to 8GHz Established 1981 Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832) R3132/3162 Spectrum Analyzer R3132 : 9kHz to 3GHz R3162 : 9kHz to 8GHz One Spectrum Analyzer For Versatile Applications

More information

RIGOL. User s Guide. DSA800 Options and Accessories. May RIGOL Technologies, Inc.

RIGOL. User s Guide. DSA800 Options and Accessories. May RIGOL Technologies, Inc. User s Guide May 2012 RIGOL Technologies, Inc. Guaranty and Declaration Copyright 2012 RIGOL Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Trademark Information RIGOL is a registered trademark of RIGOL Technologies,

More information

PGx11 series. Transform Limited Broadly Tunable Picosecond OPA APPLICATIONS. Available models

PGx11 series. Transform Limited Broadly Tunable Picosecond OPA APPLICATIONS. Available models PGx1 PGx3 PGx11 PT2 Transform Limited Broadly Tunable Picosecond OPA optical parametric devices employ advanced design concepts in order to produce broadly tunable picosecond pulses with nearly Fourier-transform

More information

Experiment 7: Frequency Modulation and Phase Locked Loops

Experiment 7: Frequency Modulation and Phase Locked Loops Experiment 7: Frequency Modulation and Phase Locked Loops Frequency Modulation Background Normally, we consider a voltage wave form with a fixed frequency of the form v(t) = V sin( ct + ), (1) where c

More information

Design and performance of LLRF system for CSNS/RCS *

Design and performance of LLRF system for CSNS/RCS * Design and performance of LLRF system for CSNS/RCS * LI Xiao 1) SUN Hong LONG Wei ZHAO Fa-Cheng ZHANG Chun-Lin Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Abstract:

More information

Accurate Harmonics Measurement by Sampler Part 2

Accurate Harmonics Measurement by Sampler Part 2 Accurate Harmonics Measurement by Sampler Part 2 Akinori Maeda Verigy Japan akinori.maeda@verigy.com September 2011 Abstract of Part 1 The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is one of the major frequency

More information

This article examines

This article examines From September 2005 High Freuency Electronics Copyright 2005 Summit Technical Media Reference-Clock Generation for Sampled Data Systems By Paul Nunn Dallas Semiconductor Corp. This article examines the

More information

Lab 4. Crystal Oscillator

Lab 4. Crystal Oscillator Lab 4. Crystal Oscillator Modeling the Piezo Electric Quartz Crystal Most oscillators employed for RF and microwave applications use a resonator to set the frequency of oscillation. It is desirable to

More information

PCN-1800 Series. VHF TV Transmitter. 2nd Edition

PCN-1800 Series. VHF TV Transmitter. 2nd Edition PCN-1800 Series VHF TV Transmitter 2nd Edition The Benchmark in Analog TV Broadcasting Compact design and innovative technology establish NEC s new transmitter as the new benchmark in analog TV transmitters.

More information

Photon Counters SR430 5 ns multichannel scaler/averager

Photon Counters SR430 5 ns multichannel scaler/averager Photon Counters SR430 5 ns multichannel scaler/averager SR430 Multichannel Scaler/Averager 5 ns to 10 ms bin width Count rates up to 100 MHz 1k to 32k bins per record Built-in discriminator No interchannel

More information

AC Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility

AC Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility AC Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility Ferromagnetic materials such as iron, cobalt and nickel are made up of microscopic domains in which the magnetization of each domain has a well defined orientation.

More information

Low-Level RF. S. Simrock, DESY. MAC mtg, May 05 Stefan Simrock DESY

Low-Level RF. S. Simrock, DESY. MAC mtg, May 05 Stefan Simrock DESY Low-Level RF S. Simrock, DESY Outline Scope of LLRF System Work Breakdown for XFEL LLRF Design for the VUV-FEL Cost, Personpower and Schedule RF Systems for XFEL RF Gun Injector 3rd harmonic cavity Main

More information

High resolution measurements The differential approach

High resolution measurements The differential approach Electrical characterisation of nanoscale samples & biochemical interfaces: methods and electronic instrumentation High resolution measurements The differential approach Giorgio Ferrari Dipartimento di

More information

GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA KARNATAKA STATE PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION EXAMINATION BOARD II YEAR PUC EXAMINATION MARCH-2013 SCHEME OF VALUATION

GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA KARNATAKA STATE PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION EXAMINATION BOARD II YEAR PUC EXAMINATION MARCH-2013 SCHEME OF VALUATION GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA KARNATAKA STATE PRE-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION EXAMINATION BOARD II YEAR PUC EXAMINATION MARCH-03 SCHEME OF VALUATION Subject Code: 0 Subject: PART - A 0. What does the arrow mark indicate

More information

EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS

EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Experimental Goals A good technician needs to make accurate measurements, keep good records and know the proper usage and limitations of the instruments

More information

FlexDDS-NG DUAL. Dual-Channel 400 MHz Agile Waveform Generator

FlexDDS-NG DUAL. Dual-Channel 400 MHz Agile Waveform Generator FlexDDS-NG DUAL Dual-Channel 400 MHz Agile Waveform Generator Excellent signal quality Rapid parameter changes Phase-continuous sweeps High speed analog modulation Wieserlabs UG www.wieserlabs.com FlexDDS-NG

More information

P H Y S I C A L P R O P E R T Y M E A S U R E M E N T S Y S T E M. Quantum Design

P H Y S I C A L P R O P E R T Y M E A S U R E M E N T S Y S T E M. Quantum Design P H Y S I C A L P R O P E R T Y M E A S U R E M E N T S Y S T E M Quantum Design S Y S T E M F E A T U R E S THE QUANTUM DESIGN PHYSICAL PROPERTY EASE OF USE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM (PPMS) REPRESENTS A UNIQUE

More information

Understanding RF and Microwave Analysis Basics

Understanding RF and Microwave Analysis Basics Understanding RF and Microwave Analysis Basics Kimberly Cassacia Product Line Brand Manager Keysight Technologies Agenda µw Analysis Basics Page 2 RF Signal Analyzer Overview & Basic Settings Overview

More information

EE-4022 Experiment 3 Frequency Modulation (FM)

EE-4022 Experiment 3 Frequency Modulation (FM) EE-4022 MILWAUKEE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING 2015 Page 3-1 Student Objectives: EE-4022 Experiment 3 Frequency Modulation (FM) In this experiment the student will use laboratory modules including a Voltage-Controlled

More information

USE OF MATLAB IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS

USE OF MATLAB IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS USE OF MATLAB SIGNAL PROCESSG LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS R. Marsalek, A. Prokes, J. Prokopec Institute of Radio Electronics, Brno University of Technology Abstract: This paper describes the use of the MATLAB

More information

9 Hints for Making Better Measurements Using RF Signal Generators. Application Note 1390

9 Hints for Making Better Measurements Using RF Signal Generators. Application Note 1390 9 Hints for Making Better Measurements Using RF Signal Generators Application Note 1390 Signal sources provide precise, highly stable test signals for a variety of component and system test applications.

More information

Keywords: GPS, receiver, GPS receiver, MAX2769, 2769, 1575MHz, Integrated GPS Receiver, Global Positioning System

Keywords: GPS, receiver, GPS receiver, MAX2769, 2769, 1575MHz, Integrated GPS Receiver, Global Positioning System Maxim > Design Support > Technical Documents > User Guides > APP 3910 Keywords: GPS, receiver, GPS receiver, MAX2769, 2769, 1575MHz, Integrated GPS Receiver, Global Positioning System USER GUIDE 3910 User's

More information

FFT Spectrum Analyzer

FFT Spectrum Analyzer FFT Spectrum Analyzer SR770 100 khz single-channel FFT spectrum analyzer SR7770 FFT Spectrum Analyzers DC to 100 khz bandwidth 90 db dynamic range Low-distortion source Harmonic, band & sideband analysis

More information

DSA800. No.1 RIGOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

DSA800. No.1 RIGOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. No.1 DSA800 9 khz to 1.5 GHz Frequency Range Typical -135 dbm Displayed Average Noise Level (DANL) -80 dbc/hz @10 khz offset Phase Noise Total Amplitude Uncertainty

More information

Function Generator MODEL FG-500 Instruction Manual ELENCO

Function Generator MODEL FG-500 Instruction Manual ELENCO Function Generator MODEL FG-500 Instruction Manual ELENCO Copyright 2012, 2003 Elenco Electronics, Inc. REV-D 753068 SPECIFICATIONS OUTPUT: Waveforms: Sine, triangle, square Impedance: 600Ω ±10% Frequency:

More information

IN propagation path between the satellite and

IN propagation path between the satellite and Journal of Advances in Computer Engineering and Technology, 1(2) 215 Typical Ka band Satellite Beacon Receiver Design for Propagation Experimentation Reza Bahri 1, Hossein Yarmohammadi 2, Mohammadreza

More information

R3477. Ideal for mobile communication applications including base stations and handsets, from the development stage to production and installation

R3477. Ideal for mobile communication applications including base stations and handsets, from the development stage to production and installation R3477 Signal Analyzers Ideal for mobile communication applications including base stations and handsets, from the development stage to production and installation Frequency range: 9 khz to 13.5 GHz World

More information

Problems from the 3 rd edition

Problems from the 3 rd edition (2.1-1) Find the energies of the signals: a) sin t, 0 t π b) sin t, 0 t π c) 2 sin t, 0 t π d) sin (t-2π), 2π t 4π Problems from the 3 rd edition Comment on the effect on energy of sign change, time shifting

More information

Part 2: Second order systems: cantilever response

Part 2: Second order systems: cantilever response - cantilever response slide 1 Part 2: Second order systems: cantilever response Goals: Understand the behavior and how to characterize second order measurement systems Learn how to operate: function generator,

More information

Figure 4.1 Vector representation of magnetic field.

Figure 4.1 Vector representation of magnetic field. Chapter 4 Design of Vector Magnetic Field Sensor System 4.1 3-Dimensional Vector Field Representation The vector magnetic field is represented as a combination of three components along the Cartesian coordinate

More information

LABORATORY #3 QUARTZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR DESIGN

LABORATORY #3 QUARTZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR DESIGN LABORATORY #3 QUARTZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR DESIGN OBJECTIVES 1. To design and DC bias the JFET transistor oscillator for a 9.545 MHz sinusoidal signal. 2. To simulate JFET transistor oscillator using MicroCap

More information

DSA700 Series Spectrum Analyzer

DSA700 Series Spectrum Analyzer DSA700 Series Spectrum Analyzer Product Features: All-Digital IF Technology Frequency Range from 100 khz up to 1 GHz Min. -155 dbm Displayed Average Noise Level (Typ.) Min.

More information

An Ultra Wideband Local Positioning System for Highly Complex Indoor Environments

An Ultra Wideband Local Positioning System for Highly Complex Indoor Environments An Ultra Wideband Local Positioning System for Highly Complex Indoor Environments Benjamin Waldmann, Robert Weigel Institute for Electronics Engineering University of Erlangen Nuremberg Randolf Ebelt,

More information

Publication II by authors

Publication II by authors II Publication II Mikko Puranen and Pekka Eskelinen. Measurement of short-term frequency stability of controlled oscillators. Proceedings of the 20 th European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF 2006), Braunschweig,

More information

Dual-Phase Analog Lock-In Amplifier

Dual-Phase Analog Lock-In Amplifier Operation and Service Manual Stanford Research Systems Revision 1.06 March 28, 2017 Certification Stanford Research Systems certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment.

More information

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION Fife Corporation P.O. Box 26508, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, USA Phone: 405.755.1600 / Fax: 405.755.8425 www.fife.com / E-mail: fife@fife.com OPERATING MANUAL GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION General The SDE-30

More information

Frequency Synthesizer

Frequency Synthesizer 50Ω 3700 MHz (fixed) The Big Deal Low phase noise and spurious Fixed frequency without external programming Integrated microcontroller Robust design and construction Case size 2.75" x 1.96" x 0.62" CASE

More information

Characterization of medical devices electromagnetic immunity to environmental RF fields.

Characterization of medical devices electromagnetic immunity to environmental RF fields. Characterization of medical devices electromagnetic immunity to environmental RF fields. INTRODUCTION The diffusion of personal communication devices and radio communication systems has strongly increased

More information

Differential Amplifiers

Differential Amplifiers Differential Amplifiers Benefits of Differential Signal Processing The Benefits Become Apparent when Trying to get the Most Speed and/or Resolution out of a Design Avoid Grounding/Return Noise Problems

More information

Data Acquisition. NHMFL Summer School 2016 William Coniglio. with many slides from Scott Hannahs

Data Acquisition. NHMFL Summer School 2016 William Coniglio. with many slides from Scott Hannahs Data Acquisition NHMFL Summer School 2016 William Coniglio with many slides from Scott Hannahs Generic Data Acquisition Experiment Analysis Publication Physical Measurement Digital Representation Raw Data

More information

RF/IF Terminology and Specs

RF/IF Terminology and Specs RF/IF Terminology and Specs Contributors: Brad Brannon John Greichen Leo McHugh Eamon Nash Eberhard Brunner 1 Terminology LNA - Low-Noise Amplifier. A specialized amplifier to boost the very small received

More information

Mass Spectrometry and the Modern Digitizer

Mass Spectrometry and the Modern Digitizer Mass Spectrometry and the Modern Digitizer The scientific field of Mass Spectrometry (MS) has been under constant research and development for over a hundred years, ever since scientists discovered that

More information

2400C Series Microwave Signal Generators 10 MHz to 40 GHz. Preliminary Technical Datasheet. Low Phase Noise and Fast-Switching Speed in a Single Unit

2400C Series Microwave Signal Generators 10 MHz to 40 GHz. Preliminary Technical Datasheet. Low Phase Noise and Fast-Switching Speed in a Single Unit Preliminary Technical Datasheet 2400C Series Microwave Signal Generators 10 MHz to 40 GHz Low Phase Noise and Fast-Switching Speed in a Single Unit 2400C Series Microwave Signal Generator Signal Generator

More information