Analysing Surface Deformation in Surabaya from Sentinel-1A Data using DInSAR Method

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1 Analysing Surface Deformation in Surabaya from Sentinel-1A Data using DInSAR Method Ira M. Anjasmara, Meiriska Yusfania, Akbar Kurniawan, Roni Kurniawan, Awalina L C Resmi

2 Presenter Name Date of Birth : Ira Mutiara Anjasmara : 31 December Institution : Department of Geomatics Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Education Background : PhD Geodesy Curtin University, Western Australia MPhil Surveying & Mapping Curtin University, Western Australia ST Teknik Geodesi Institut Teknologi Bandung

3 Averaged LOS velocity map of Sumatra, Java, and Bali, Indonesia, from ALOS InSAR time-series analysis (Chaussardet al, 2013)

4 Introduction Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia that has been predicted to suffer surface deformation. The surface deformation in Surabaya is triggered by many factors such as ground water extraction, load of infrastructures and constructions, and geologic condition of Surabaya that dominated by alluvial consolidation. The location of Surabaya on the coastal area also can be a force factor for the surface deformation.

5 Research Aims To examine the model of surface deformation in Surabaya. To observe the areas in Surabaya that suffer from land subsidence. To quantify the surface deformation in Surabay.

6 Study area : Surabaya City

7 Surabaya Location : 112,75 E ; 7,25 S Area : ± 326,36 km 2 Population : Most of the regions are lowland, which is around 3-6 m above the sea level. Except on the south region, the elevation is up to m above the sea level. Surabaya Administration Area Center North East West South Soil Type Alluvial, silt Alluvial and alluvialnotvolcanic ash Alluvial, silt, sand deposits Alluvial and notvolcanic ash, alluvialnotvolcanic ash Alluvial and notvolcanic ash,silt, sand sediment mud

8 Methodology Data : Sentinel-1A Level 1 SLC DEM SRTM 30x30m Technique: Diferrential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) Software : GMTSAR for SAR processing GMT for plotting

9 Sentinel-1A Data Level 1 Single Look Complex

10 Deformation from DInSAR method

11 Data Set TABEL 1. Sentinel-1A Interferogram data used in this study Series number Master image date Slave image date Baseline perpendicular (m) Baseline parallel (m) Baseline temporal (days) 1 25 Mei Sept Sept Jan Jan Mei Mei Sept

12 Results & Findings Surface deformation May 2015 to September 2015 September 2015 to January 2016 January 2016 to May 2016 May 2016 to September 2016 Comparison of the results with other studies

13 Pair 1 : May 2015 September Azimuth 1500 Azimuth Range Range correlation phase, rad

14 Pair 1 : May 2015 September Azimuth 1500 Azimuth Range Range range decrease unwrapped phase, rad LOS displacement, mm

15 Pair 1 : May 2015 September ' ' ' '14 km 0 5 km LOS displacement mm

16 Pair 1 : May 2015 September 2015 Displacement(mm) Distance(km) Displacement(mm) '16 Displacement(mm) 7 18' Distance(km) Distance(km) km LOS displacement mm

17 Pair 2 : September 2015 January Azimuth 1500 Azimuth Range Range correlation phase, rad

18 Pair 2 : September 2015 January Azimuth 1500 Azimuth Range Range unwrapped phase, rad LOS displacement, mm range decrease

19 Pair 2 : September 2015 January ' ' ' '14 km 0 5 km LOS displacement mm

20 Pair 2 : September 2015 January 2016 Displacement(mm) Distance(km) Displacement(mm) Distance(km) km '16 Displacement(mm) 7 18' Distance(km) LOS displacement mm

21 Pair 3 : January 2016 May Azimuth 4000 Azimuth Range Range correlation phase, rad

22 Pair 3 : January 2016 May Azimuth 4000 Azimuth Range Range range decrease unwrapped phase, rad LOS displacement, mm

23 Pair 3 : January 2016 May ' ' ' '14 km 0 5 km LOS displacement mm

24 Pair 3 : January 2016 May 2016 Displacement(mm) Distance(km) km 0 5 Displacement(mm) 7 13' '14 Displacement(mm) Distance(km) Distance(km) mm LOS displacement

25 Pair 4 : May 2016 September Azimuth 3000 Azimuth Range Range correlation phase, rad

26 Pair 4 : May 2016 September Azimuth 3000 Azimuth Range Range range decrease unwrapped phase, rad LOS displacement, mm

27 Pair 4 : May 2016 September ' ' ' '14 km 0 5 km LOS displacement mm

28 Pair 4 : May 2016 September 2016 Displacement(mm) Distance(km) Displacement(mm) Distance(km) km LOS displacement mm 7 13' '14 15 Displacement(mm) Distance(km)

29 Displacement from Four DInSAR pairs May 2015 Sept 2015 Sept 2015 Jan 2016 Jan 2016 May 2016 May 2016 Sept km 0 5 km 0 5 km 0 5 km LOS displacement mm LOS displacement mm LOS displacement mm LOS displacement mm Max: Min: Mean: Std: RMS: mm mm 2.35 mm mm mm Max: Min: Mean: Std: RMS: mm mm mm mm mm Max: Min: Mean: Std: RMS: mm mm 1.54 mm mm mm Max: Min: Mean: Std: RMS: mm mm 0.89 mm mm mm

30 GPS measurement points 7 08'17" 7 08'17" GPS point Location 1 Rungkut Kota 3 ITS 8 4 Waru Sby Barat 6 Kenjeran 7 Kalianak 1 8 Pasarturi km 0 5 4

31 Hasil Land Subsidence dari data ALOS PALSAR tahun (Resmi et al, 2016)

32 Comparison with other studies Sample point Location Handoko et al, 2011 (GPS measurement) Resmi et al, 2016 (DInSAR ALOS PALSAR) This research (DInSAR Sentinel-1A) Vertical displacement (mm) LOS displacement (mm) LOS displacement (mm) 1 Rungkut Kota ITS Waru Sby Barat Kenjeran Kalianak Pasarturi

33 Distribution of ground water wells 7 08'17" 7 08'17" km 0 5

34 Conclusion The surface deformation in Surabaya occurs in the form of subsidence and uplift. Comparison with other studies shows that the pattern of surface deformation is not very clear. But it can be confirmed that the coastal area of Surabaya suffer from subsidence more that other areas. The average rate of deformation from May 2015 to September 2016 is varies from -3.52mm/4months to mm/4months

35 Recommendations To confirm the findings in study, comparison with more accurate data is needed, for example GNSS measurements. Other SAR processing method such as PS-InSAR can be applied to gain more accurate deformation rate. It would be good to check the groundwater extraction over Surabaya area.

36 THANK YOU

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