Introduction to Galileo

Transcription

1 Introduction to Galileo Image: ESA Overview Galileo Programme Phases, Schedule & Organisation Technological Developments Experimental Satellites IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures Galileo Signals Galileo Services GPS & Galileo GNSS Market

2 Galileo Programme Phases Definition Complete 00 Development & InOrbit Validation Current Full Deployment and Operations GPS Constellation Galileo Exp. SV () Galileo In Orbit Validation Const. () Images: ESA Galileo Full Operational Const. (0) GSTB V GSTB V IOV Phase FOC Phase Galileo Programme Phases, Schedule & Organisation Planning and Funding Months Months 0 Years Development and Validation Deployment Operations and Maintenance. Billion Public Test Satellite & Operational Satellites Ground Infrastructure. Billion / Public, / Private Satellites Ground Infrastructure 0 Million per year Private Routine Operations and Replenishment EC/ESA Joint Undertaking GALILEO Concessionaire / Galileo Supervisory Authority Galileo Programme Phases, Schedule & Organisation

3 Organisation European Commission European Space Agency Third countries GALILEO Joint Undertaking Supervisory Authority Respect of concession terms Selection System Operator: Concessionaire Public side Private side Galileo Programme Phases, Schedule & Organisation Reference Stations Concession Joining bidders Confirm EURELY: Alcatel, Finmeccanica Aena, Hispasat INAVSAT: Inmarsat, Eads, Thales services characteristics financial robustness commercial viability Contract negotiation in 00 Contract Signing 00 Galileo Programme Phases, Schedule & Organisation

4 Key Technologies & Risk Management GSTBv Experimental Ground Segment GPS Constellation Galileolike Ground Infrastructure Orbit Determination Algorithms, σ < 0cm Integrity Monitoring Algorithms Experimental Galileo System Time Clocks European Space Qualified Maser and Rubidium Clock Development. GSTBv Ensure Frequency Filings Orbit Environment Characterisation Ea Eb E L Technological Developments Space Segment Atomic Clocks Images: ESA Source: ESA Development of European Space Qualified Atomic Clocks Passive Hydrogen Maser kg, litres Stability: ns per Day, <ns per 00 minutes Rubidium.kg,. litres Technological Developments

5 GSTBv Satellites Objective Secure frequency filings, Full Protection Until 0 June 00 Deadline (ITU World Radiocommunications Conference Istanbul June 000) Test Key Technologies Provide Experimental SignalinSpace Characterise the orbital environment Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL) GIOVE A Rubidium Galileo Industries (GAIN) GIOVE B Rubidium, Maser Experimental Satellites GIOVE A Satellite Details Propulsion Bay SSTL M Euro 0month Stowed Dimensions....m.m LiftOff OffMass 0 kg Power Demand 0 W Timing Source Rubidium Clocks Broadcast transmission channels in parallel Experimental Satellites

6 GIOVE A First Galileo Launch Successful Launch th Dec 00 Soyuz Stage Launch Vehicle L, EA & EB Signals Transmitted & Received th January 00 E Signal Transmitted & Received th January 00 Will lead to Frequency Filing Notification to the ITU Experimental Satellites Images: ESA GIOVE B Satellite Details Image: ESA Experimental Satellites GAIN Stowed Dimensions m LiftOff OffMass kg Power Demand 9 W Timing Source Rubidium, Passive Hydrogen Maser Clock Broadcast transmission channels in parallel

7 Galileo Industries Reference Stations Experimental Satellites IOV Satellites Image: ESA Satellites Clocks Rubidium, Maser Launcher Options: Ariane, Proton, Soyuz, Zenit CBand, SBandS IREarth FSS sun Sensors SAR transponder: appr.. 0 kg / 00 W Navigation payload: Kg / 0 W Laser RetroReflectors Reflectors 0 Signal Transmission IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures 9 th January ESA and GAIN sign a 90 million IOV contract satellites and associated ground systems

8 IOV Configuration 00 Satellites Galileo. receiver Galileo Sensor Stations Global Coverage to 0 Galileo Sensor Stations (worldwide) ULS Global ULS/TTC Global (collocated ULS/TTC at the same sites) Control Centre ( site) IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures Final System Architecture Reference Stations IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures

9 FOC Ground Sensor Stations IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures Final Space Segment Walker // + Active Spares Inclination 900. km Radii Period hr m s Ground Track Repeat 0 days / Orbits Rubidium, PHM Image: ESA IOV & FOC Galileo Architectures

10 Ariane, ECB Configuration Up to Satellites Galileo/GPS Frequency Bands Galileo Signals

11 Galileo Signals in Space 0 Navigation Signals Right Hand Circularly Polarised OS/SOL Ea AltBOC(,0) Data + Pilot dbw Eb dbw CS BPSK() Data + Pilot PRS BOC cos (0,) E dbw OS/SOL BOC(,)* Data + Pilot PRS BOC cos (,.) E L dbw E Commercial Service (CS) Open Service (OS) Public Regulated Service (PRS) Safety Of Life Service (SOL) Galileo Signals * BOC(,) or Optimised CBCS Navigation Signal Properties Signal LFd LFp LP Ead Eap Ebd Ebp ECd ECp EP Notes: Ranging Code Rate (Mcps) SubCarrier Frequency Primary Code Length Secondary Code Length None Data Rate (SPS) Encrypted No No Yes No No No No Yes Yes Yes L signals multiplexed using Coherent Adaptive Subcarrier Modulation (also known as Interplex or Modified Tricode Hexaphase) giving a constant signal envelope prior to satellite s high power amplifier. Low rate (one chip per primary sequence) Secondary Codes multiply Primary Codes. This improves signal crosscorrelation and can aid data bit edge detection. Data rate expressed in Symbols Per Second (i.e. after Forward Error Correction) Galileo Signals

12 BPSK/BOC Modulation BiPhase Shift Keying (BPSK) Modulation BPSK(k) Pseudorandom Code Rate of k.0 MHz BPSK() Pseudorandom Code Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) Modulation Each Pseudorandom Chip Multiplied by Binary Carrier BOC(k,j) Binary Carrier Frequency of j.0 MHz Sine Carrier BOC(m,m) Cosine Carrier BOC cos (m,m) BOC cos (,.) BOC(,) BOC(0,) Binary Carrier Note: data signals additionally multiplied by binary data stream Galileo Signals Q Receiver can Correlate:. Entire AltBOC. As if each lobe (Ea/Eb) were QPSK like GPS L. (This gives small correlation loss). 9.9 E AltBOC Modulation I 0. AltBOC can be represented as an PSK Signal Ead Ebd Eap Ebp.0 MPhases/s Phase Angle ( to ) determined from binary values of the coherent E code data streams: Circular Buffer Galileo Signals

13 Optimised CBCS for L Option Within the EUUS US agreement there is scope to optimise the L BOC(,) signal. CBCS = ( α)boc(,) + αbcs(,0) Signal can be optimised by adding a smaller Binary Coded Symbol (BCS) signal to a Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) signal to produce a Composite Binary Coded Symbol (CBCS) Can be tracked as BOC(,) Increased bandwidth gives CBCS receiver much better tracking/multipath performance even exceeds BOC(,) for MHz BW For balance sign of BCS is alternated Binary Coded Symbol +Binary Coded Symbol Like BOC, but subwaveform can take any binary sequence L CBCS MHz Lobe in GPS MCode Null Galileo Signals Message Structure Superframe () Frame () Frame () Frame (i) Frame (N) Subframe () Subframe () UW Subframe (j)..... Subframe (M) Frame () Data Field CRC Tail Bits FEC Encoded & Block Interleaved FEC Forward Error Correction, Rate ½ Convolutional Encoded Symbol Rate is twice Data Rate UW Unique Word to Synchronise with Data Fields CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check checks parity for data errors Block Interleaving After convolutional encoding excluding UW Galileo Signals

14 Ephemeris Message Structure Similar, but not identical, to GPS Galileo Signals GNSS Signal Interoperability GPS and Galileo Adoption of a common basis for Galileo L and GPS III L open signals: BOC(,). Adoption of interoperable timing and geodesy standards to facilitate the joint use of Galileo and GPS. Broadcast of GPS/Galileo time offset. GLONASS and Galileo Frequency sharing between Galileo EB and GLONASSL L gives prospect for interoperability of the two systems Joint broadcasting of GLONASSK/Galileo time offset is envisaged QZSS and Galileo: Agreement that same signal structure as Galileo E Commercial Service is the best solution on compatibility and interoperability grounds Galileo Signals

15 Galileo, a Set of Services Navigation Open Service Commercial Safety of Life Public Regulated Free service; Mass market; Encrypted; sub metric accuracy (dedicated signals in E band); Guaranteed servicedata via Internet Open Service + Integrity and Authentication of signal. Guaranteed service Encrypted; Integrity; Continuous availability SAR Search and Rescue Near realtime; Precise; Return link feasible Galileo, a Set of Services Open Access Service Ea Eb E L Open and Safety of Life Services Public Regulated Service Commercial Service Mass market applications Multi Frequency Interoperability with other GNSS systems (dual receivers) and their evolutions Free of charge Horizontal Positioning (9%) Vertical Positioning (9%) Velocity (9%) Timing with respect to UTC Global availability frequency [m] [m] 0. [m/sec] 0 [nsec[ nsec] 99. % frequencies [m] [m] 0. [m/sec] 0 [nsec[ nsec] 99.% Galileo, a Set of Services

16 SafetyofLife Mission Level Requirements Galileo supports operations employing Integrity Risk & Alert Limit Concepts (Designed with respect to ICAO & IMO Requirement) Level A: aviation approach, rail and road applications. Level B: aviation operations enroute to NPA Level C: maritime operations. Galileo, a Set of Services Safety of Life Service Galileo to provide Global RealTime Integrity Monitoring Safetyof oflife (SoL( SoL) For transport applications where lives could be lost if the performance of the navigation system is degraded without realtime notification. Service Will Increase Safety, especially in the absence of traditional ground infrastructure. Service Guarantee by Galileo Operating Company. Safety/Business Critical Applications Additional Regional Integrity Provision Signal Authentication Galileo, a Set of Services

17 Signal Authentication Concept Galileo, a Set of Services Public Regulated Service Horizontal Positioning (9%) Vertical Positioning (9%) Continuity Risks Velocity accuracy Global availability frequencies. [m] [m] 0 / [sec] 0 [cm/sec] 99.% Encrypted Access restricted to authorised users Service Denial Capability Integrity Quick Alarm in case of malfunction Continuous Availability even in crisis times Spectrally Separate Signals Improved service robustness Governmental Applications Police, Civil Protection, Emergency, etc. Galileo, a Set of Services

18 Commercial Service Based on the open service standard Provisions Additional commercial encrypted data Added value services (higher accuracy, data broadcast, authentication) with respect to the open service ThreeCarrier CarrierAmbiguity Resolution Service guarantees Access through external Service Providers Galileo, a Set of Services Galileo Search & Rescue Galileo, a Set of Services COSPASSARSAT SARSAT co operative effort on Humanitarian Search and Rescue Activities Fulfil IMO & ICAO Requirements Backwards Compatible Global Near RealTime Reception Multiple Satellite Detection + LEOSAR + GEOSAR 0 MHz New Return Link MHz

19 GPS & Galileo GPS & Galileo GNSS Market Forecast In 00, Worldwide Market 00 billions (Product & Service) at least billion users GNSS Market

20 Galileo Market Sectors Location Based Services CPS: Global LBS Revenues of $ Billion by 00 Road Market By 00 0% car 90% commercial Road Tolling Legal Framework, Guarantee Rail Sector Fleet Management, Guarantee Agriculture Land Monitoring, Precision Farming Justice Home Affairs Construction GNSS Market Revenue Mechanisms Intellectual Property Rights Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, Knowhow, etc. Activation fees Licence in chipsets Services authentication Services (high accuracy) Contractual Quality of Service Legislation Etc. GNSS Market

21 International Cooperation The EU is willing to involve nonmember countries in the Galileo s research, development and industrial commissioning activities; U.S.A. China Israel Signed * Draft Nego. Talks EU/US Agreement* Adoption of a common signal for Galileo L. Commitment to preserve National Security capabilities. Broadcast of GPS/Galileo time offset. Nondiscrimination in trade in satellite navigation goods and services. Nonrestrictions of access to open service endusers. India Ukraine Morocco Norway Argentina Russia S. Korea Canada Brazil,, Chile, Mexico Malaysia International Cooperation Further Information Further Galileo information is available on the following websites: europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/energy_transport/galileo/index_en.htm Further information on the Joint Undertaking: