Preface... Chapter 2. Amplifiers... 25
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1 Preface xi Chapter 1. The Transistor Modeling of transistors An input resistance and a linked source Giacoletto s equivalent diagram Introduction of nonlinearities Spice-type modeling S or X parameters The Ebers-Moll model Conclusion Amplification Reminder about distortion Reminder about feedback Conclusion Chapter 2. Amplifiers Common emitter amplifier Calculation of the transfer function Calculation of the distortion Common emitter amplifier with CR feedback, calculation of the gain Common emitter amplifier with CR feedback, distortion calculation Common emitter amplifier, calculation of the transfer function Common emitter amplifier, Miller Effect Common base amplifier
2 vi Amplifiers and Oscillators Calculation of the transfer function Cascode amplifier Common collector amplifier Calculation of the transfer function Operation with a current source Precautions and conclusions Chapter 3. Differential Amplifiers Differential amplifier without a current source Differential amplifier with a current source Current sources and mirrors Simulation of the differential stage Cascode differential amplifier Objective of the architecture of the differential cascode amplifier Simulation of the differential cascode amplifier Differential cross-quad amplifier Inversion of the characteristic Simulation around the linearity of the cross-quad differential amplifier Cascomp feedforward differential amplifier Calculating the gain of the cascomp differential amplifier Simulation of the cascomp differential amplifier Symmetrical cascomp differential amplifier Differential cascomp feedback amplifier Comparison of the different structures and conclusion Linearity Bandwidth Nature of the transfer function Exact calculation of transfer functions of differential stages Generic amplifier stage Calculation of influential parameters Elementary differential stage Differential stage having two emitter resistors Cascode differential stage Cascomp feedforward differential stage, Tektronix patent Differential cascomp feedback stage Dimensioning procedure of the cascomp amplifier Conclusion and comparison of differential stages
3 vii Comparison of the linearity of differential stages Comparison of bandwidth at -3dB of the differential stages Supplements to the cross-quad Cross-quad variants Chapter 4. Amplifier Output Stage Class A amplifiers Class B amplifiers Class AB amplifiers VBE multiplier Example of output amplifier stages Comparison of single transistor, Darlington or compound pair Chapter 5. Study and Analysis of Certain Amplifiers Study of the operational amplifier Study of audio amplifiers s type amplifier s type amplifier s type amplifier Transimpedance amplifier Class E amplifier Serial-shunt pair amplifier Polarization and sizing of the amplifier AC and transient simulation S parameter simulation Application to an oscillator Variation with a differential stage Chapter 6. Study and Analysis of Oscillators Essential characteristics of oscillators Oscillator phase noise Oscillator pulling and pushing Oscillator factor of merit, FOM Theoretical Analysis of Oscillator Operations Feedback and reaction Calculation procedure Example with a third-order transfer function Distortion in oscillators Validity of the linear model of the oscillator
4 viii Amplifiers and Oscillators Chapter 7. Low Frequency Oscillators Wien bridge oscillators Basic Wien bridge oscillator Wien bridge oscillator with level regulation Wien bridge oscillator with cascomp amplifier Phase-shift oscillator Oscillator around the state variable filter Simple oscillator without regulation Level-controlled oscillator Oscillator with output recombination Note on distortion rate and measurement Other types of LF oscillators Shunted T-filter oscillator Conclusion on low frequency AOP oscillators Chapter 8. High Frequency Oscillators Colpitts oscillator Analysis with a perfect amplifier Analysis with the transistor model Conclusions Simulations Colpitts series oscillator Analysis with a perfect amplifier Model analysis of the transistor Simulations Vackar oscillator Analysis with a perfect amplifier Model analysis of the transistor Simulations Parallel Clapp oscillator Analysis with a perfect amplifier Model analysis of the transistor Simulations Clapp series oscillator Analysis with a perfect amplifier Model analysis of the transistor Conclusions Simulations SAW oscillator Comparison of the different oscillators Oscillators with a single transistor Darlington and/or cascode oscillators
5 ix Complements on the oscillator Clapp resonance series Transformation of oscillators into VCO Variable capacity diodes Colpitts VCO Colpitts VCO, series resonance Vackar VCO Clapp VCO Clapp VCO, concrete realization Chapter 9. Differential Oscillators Simple differential oscillator Influence of the base-emitter capacity Influence of the base-collector capacity Simulations Simple differential oscillator with SAW resonator Simple differential oscillator, cascode Differential oscillator, cross-coupled with buffer Differential oscillator, cross-coupled Colpitts Differential oscillator, bandpass filter Variations of the differential oscillator Variations of unclassifiable oscillators Transformation of differential oscillators into VCO Cross-coupled and buffer differential oscillators Differential cross-coupled cascode oscillators Cross-coupled bandpass differential oscillators Chapter 10. Bonus Oscillators Parallel resonance oscillator Series resonant oscillator Differential oscillator, improvements Differential oscillator, basic diagram Differential oscillator, Q increase Differential oscillator, Q increase, improvements Differential oscillator SAW, improvements Conclusion Bibliography Index
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