History of Revisions. Ordering Information. October 1993 Revision 01 December 1993 Revision 02 June 1994 Revision 03 December 1994 Revision 04

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2 History of Revisios October 1993 Origial Release October 1993 Revisio 01 December 1993 Revisio 02 Jue 1994 Revisio 03 December 1994 Revisio 04 Orderig Iformatio This maual covers software versio 3.0 or greater. To receive additioal copies of this publicatio, order part # , Apollo Hadheld GPS Receiver User s Guide. II Morrow is a trademark of II Morrow Ic. The Apollo logo is a registered trademark of II Morrow Ic. No part of this documet may be reproduced i ay form or by ay meas without the express writte coset of II Morrow Ic by II Morrow Ic. All rights reserved. Prited i the U.S.A. II Morrow Ic Turer Road S.E. P.O. Box Salem, OR Salem, OR U.S.A. Phoe (503) I Caada FAX (503) II MORROW V I S I O N A R Y T H I N K I N G T O D A Y

3 Importat Notice The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is iteded for use as a avigatio aid. I aviatio applicatios, the receiver should be used to complemet certified avigatio istrumets already istalled i the aircraft. This device is ot iteded for use as a primary or sole source of avigatio iformatio i aviatio applicatios. Never fly the aircraft without other available meas of avigatio. For maximum safety ad to miimize distractio i the cockpit, place the receiver i a easily visible locatio, withi coveiet view of other avioics. This device emits a small amout of electromagetic eergy. Do ot place the receiver closer tha 190mm (approx. 7.5") to the wet compass i the cockpit. Due to implemetatio of Selective Availability by the Uited States Departmet of Defese, all GPS receivers may suffer degradatio of positio accuracy by as much as 100 meters. The followig guidace has bee issued by the FAA, Seattle Aircraft Certificatio Office ad Seattle Aircraft Evaluatio Group o December 12, It is relevat to the use of portable GPS avigatio systems i aircraft: The iformatio cotaied i FAA Flight Stadards Notice No , dated October 19, 1992, is still applicable.

4 The use of portable GPS receivers i aircraft falls uder FAR for Portable Electroic Devices for operatios coducted uder FAR part 91 Operatig Rules Oly. It is the resposibility of the aircraft operator to esure that the device does ot iterfere with other systems i the aircraft. The GPS system must ot be used for primary avigatio ad ca oly be used for compariso purposes durig flight(s). Official Notificatios to the User U.S. This device complies with Part 15 of the F.C.C. Rules. Operatio is subject to the followig two coditios: (1) this device may ot cause harmful iterferece, ad (2) this device must accept ay iterferece received, icludig iterferece that may cause udesired operatio. Caada This digital apparatus does ot exceed the Class B limits for radio oise emissios from digital apparatus as set out i the Radio Iterferece Regulatios of the Caadia Departmet of Commuicatios. Le préset appareil umérique émet pas de bruits radioélectriques depassat les limites applicables aux appareils umériques de classe B prescrites das le reglemet sur le brouillage radioelectrique public par le miistère des commuicatios du Caada.

5 Germay It is hereby certified that the Model 920 GPS hadheld has bee suppressed i accordace with the provisios for the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991. The correct operatio of some equipmet (for example, test trasmitters) i accordace with the regulatios may be subject to certai restrictios. Please refer to the otes i the operatig istructios. The Budesamt für Zulassuge i Der Telekommuikatio has bee otified of the placig o the market of this equipmet ad the right has bee grated to test the series for compliace with the regulatios. Hiermet wird bescheiigt, daß das Model 920 GPS hadheld i Übereistimmug mit de Bestimmuge der BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 fukestört ist. Der vorschriftsmäßige Betrieb macher Geräte (z. B. Meßseder) ka allerdigs gewisse Eischräkuge uterllege. Beache Sie deshalb die Hiweise i der Bedieugsaleiug. Dem Budesamt für Zulassuge i Der Telekommuikatio wurde das Iverkehrbriga dieses Gerätes agezeigt ud die Berechtigug zur Überprüfug der Serie auf Eihaltug der Bestimmuge eigeräumt.

6 Table of Cotets Page Sectio A - Itroductio to Satellite Navigatio. A-1 What is GPS? A-1 What Does the GPS Receiver Do? A-1 How Does GPS Work? A-1 Sectio B - Gettig Started B-1 Switchig the GPS Receiver O ad Off..... B-1 Switchig the Display Backlight O ad Off.. B-2 The Fuctio Keys B-2 The MENU/PWR Key B-2 The NEW WPT Key B-3 The INFO Key B-3 The GOTO/NRST Key B-3 The ARROW Keys B-4 The ENTER Key B-4 Callig the Navigatio Screes B-4 Helpful Istructios o the Display B-5 Eterig a Seed Positio B-6 Eterig a Destiatio Waypoit B-8 Searchig for Nearest Waypoits B-9 Navigatig to a Destiatio B-10 The Navigatio Screes B-10 Numeric Navigatio Screes B-11 Movig Map Screes B-13 i

7 Zoomig I or Out B-14 Auto Zoom B-16 Orthographic Navigatio Scree B-17 Other Screes B-17 Creatig Waypoits B-18 Eterig Preset Positio as a Waypoit.. B-18 Creatig User Waypoits B-19 Usig the Navigatio Simulator B-20 Sectio C - The Waypoit Database C-1 Available Waypoit Iformatio C-2 ARPT Waypoit Iformatio C-2 VOR Waypoit Iformatio C-2 NDB Waypoit Iformatio C-3 INT Waypoit Iformatio C-3 CITY Waypoit Iformatio C-3 USER Waypoit Iformatio C-3 Viewig Waypoit Iformatio C-4 GOTO Waypoit Iformatio C-4 Nearest Waypoit Iformatio C-5 Scaig Waypoits for Iformatio..... C-6 Sectio D - Advaced Features D-1 The Mai Meu D-1 Callig the Mai Meu D-1 Mai Meu Optios D-2 Retur to Nav D-3 Operatio Mode D-3 ii

8 Time ad Place D-4 Scree ad Beeper D-5 Map Setups D-6 Declutter Maps D-7 Track Poit History D-8 Arrival Alerts D-10 Airspace Alerts D-10 CDI Scale D-12 Parallel Track D-13 Magetic Var D-14 Coutdow Time D-15 Display Uits D-15 Serial Outputs D-16 Battery Check D-18 User Waypoit Maagemet D-19 System Iformatio D-21 Settig Up Multiple Leg Trips D-21 The Route Scree D-21 Creatig a Route D-22 Chagig a Route Waypoit D-23 Addig a Route Waypoit D-24 Deletig Route Waypoits D-25 Startig a Route D-26 Stoppig or Holdig a Route D-26 Resumig a Route D-27 Route Direct To D-28 iii

9 Eterig GPS Approaches D-29 GPS Overlay Approaches D-29 Approach Waypoit Idetifiers D-29 Ruway Ceterlie Extesios D-31 Ruway Ceterlie Waypoit Idetifiers. D-32 Isertig Approaches Ito Routes D-32 Checkig Satellite Sigal Stregth D-35 Maagig Messages D-36 Airspace Alert Message D-37 Arrival Alert Message D-37 Low Battery Alert Message D-38 No Positio Alert Message D-38 Parallel Track Alert Message D-39 Course Deviatio Alert Message D-39 Curret Messages D-40 Exteral Electrical Coectios D-40 Sectio E - Differetial GPS Operatio E-1 What is Differetial GPS? E-1 How Does Differetial GPS Work? E-1 Usig Differetial GPS E-2 Where is Differetial GPS Data Available?... E-2 Sectio F - Care of the GPS Receiver F-1 Replacig the Batteries F-1 Cleaig the GPS Receiver F-2 Sectio G - Glossary of Navigatio Terms G-1 iv

10 Sectio H - Idex H-1 Specificatios Back Cover V

11 Notes:

12 Sectio A - Itroductio to Satellite Navigatio The Global Positioig System (GPS) is a costellatio of 24 satellites i six orbit laes 10,898m above the earth. Each satellite orbits the earth twice i 24 hours. What is GPS? A 1 The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is a portable positio sesor ad computer which receives sigals from the GPS satellites to provide highly accurate positio iformatio. With a extesive database of waypoit iformatio ad the ability to allow the user to create up to 2,000 customized waypoits, the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver gives you the ability to avigate to ay poit i the world with usurpassed accuracy. GPS satellites trasmit complex streams of data the GPS receiver uses to fid the satellite s positio, the curret time, ad other iformatio. With sigals from three or more satellites, the receiver ca calculate latitude ad logitude; with four or more satellites, altitude ca also be calculated. For optimal access to satellite sigals, the GPS atea should have a uobstructed view of the etire sky. The iteral atea is located i the top portio of the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver. What Does the GPS Receiver Do? How Does GPS Work?

13 A 2 Depedig o the relative positio of the satellites to oe aother, their elevatio above the horizo, ad other factors, the accuracy of the positio fix ca chage. Uder ideal coditios, the positio ca be accurate to withi 10 meters. I geeral, a GPS receiver positio fix is accurate to withi 100 meters. GPS altitude is based o a mathematical model of the sphere of the earth. Icludig itetioal degradatio itroduced by Selective Availability, GPS altitude may differ from barometric altitude by several hudred feet. Ulike lad-based positio sesors, a GPS receiver ca provide a accurate positio fix over lad, sea, or i the air aywhere i the world. Also, positio accuracy of the GPS receiver is uaffected by atmospheric coditios. Iteded for use i aviatio, marie, ad geeral terrestrial applicatios, the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is a advaced avigatio device built with quality ad pride. We at II Morrow Ic. are certai you will fid it to be a versatile ad valuable travel compaio.

14 Sectio B - Gettig Started This sectio explais how to get started usig the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver. Iformatio i this sectio explais how to: uderstad the keys o the keypad eter a destiatio waypoit avigate to a destiatio save your preset positio i memory create user waypoits use the avigatio simulator B 1 The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is easy to use. Istall the batteries icluded or coect the receiver to a exteral power source. The, sped a few miutes to read the istructios i this sectio ad you will be o your way to avigatig with precise accuracy. To switch the receiver o, press the MENU/PWR key. Switchig the GPS Receiver O ad Off To switch the receiver off, press ad hold the MENU/PWR key.

15 Switchig the Display Backlight O ad Off The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is equipped with a display backlight, allowig you to view the display i low light coditios. B 2 Press the MENU/ PWR key to access the mai meu. A symbol i the upper right of the scree idicates battery capacity. Press the MENU/ PWR key several times to switch the display backlight from off to low itesity, the high itesity, the off. The Fuctio Keys The MENU/PWR Key Use the MENU/ PWR key to switch the receiver o ad off, ad to access to the mai meu of optios at aytime.

16 The NEW WPT Key Use the NEW WPT key to create a ew waypoit at aytime. The created waypoit ca be the preset positio or eter latitude ad logitude coordiates to create a customized user waypoit. B 3 The INFO Key Use the INFO key to view iformatio about ay waypoit i memory, whether user created or from the icluded database. The GOTO/NRST Key Use the GOTO/NRST key to assig a destiatio waypoit, either user created or from the icluded database. You ca also use this key to select the earest waypoit as a destiatio.

17 The ARROW Keys B 4 The ENTER Key Use the ARROW keys to move aroud the display, select meu items, ad make chages. Use the ENTER key to tell the receiver to accept a selectio from ay meu or to ackowledge messages o the display. Callig the Navigatio Screes You ca quickly call the avigatio screes to view avigatio progress aytime. This ca be helpful if you accidetally select a optio from a meu, or if you decide to abado makig chages. Press the MENU/ PWR key to access the mai meu. The Retur to Nav optio is automatically selected. Press the ENTER key to retur to the avigatio screes.

18 Whe selectig optios from meus or ackowledgig messages, the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver shows you what to do. Helpful istructios typically appear o the top ad bottom lies of the display. A highlighted, or darkeed word i a istructio advises you of which key to press to select a optio. A up/dow or left/ right arrow symbol may appear at the lower right corer of the display to advise you that additioal optios are available by usig the ARROW keys. Helpful Istructios o the Display B 5

19 Eterig a Seed Positio B 6 The first time the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is switched o, it must locate satellites i the sky from which to acquire sigals before determiig a positio fix. This is a slow process, ivolvig complex, legthy mathematical operatios ad ca take 30 miutes or more to complete. To eable the receiver to quickly locate ad track available satellites, you must eter a seed positio ad the curret time. Press the MENU/ PWR key to access the mai meu. Select the Time ad Place optio ad press the ENTER key. Use the ARROW keys to select ad chage latitude ad logitude values. Set the latitude ad logitude coordiates ear to your positio.

20 It is ot ecessary to eter miutes or hudredths of a miute values. Set the date. Use the ARROW keys to select ad set the curret moth, day ad year. B 7 Set the time. Use the ARROW keys to select ad set local time. Set the differece betwee local time ad UTC time. Deduct oe hour UTC differetial for daylight savig time. For example, if UTC time is oo ad it is 7:00 A.M. the same day i your time zoe, the UTC time differetial would be Press the ENTER key to eter the time ad place ad retur to the mai meu.

21 Eterig a Destiatio Waypoit B 8 Press the GOTO/ NRST key to select a destiatio waypoit. The destiatio waypoit scree shows o the display. Use the ARROW keys to select ad chage each character of the destiatio waypoit idetifier. You ca also select ad chage the type of destiatio waypoit: airport, NDB, VOR, INT, or user created. To view iformatio about ay waypoit, press the INFO key. Sectio C cotais importat details about available waypoit iformatio.

22 Whe the desired waypoit shows o the display, press the ENTER key to set the waypoit as the destiatio. To search for the earest waypoits to your preset positio, press the GOTO/ NRST key twice. B 9 Searchig for Nearest Waypoits A list of the earest 30 waypoits with their bearigs ad distaces from your preset positio shows o the display. Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to select a waypoit i the list as a destiatio. View iformatio about ay waypoit by pressig the INFO key.

23 B 10 Navigatig to a Destiatio The Navigatio Screes Whe the desired waypoit is selected, press the ENTER key to set the waypoit as the destiatio. Oce a destiatio waypoit is etered, view your avigatio progress usig the avigatio screes. These screes cotai all the iformatio you eed to avigate to a destiatio. The avigatio screes show o the display wheever you fiish usig oe of the fuctio keys (MENU/PWR, NEW WPT, INFO, or GOTO/NRST). Three differet types of avigatio screes are available: umeric avigatio screes movig map avigatio screes a orthographic avigatio scree (for marie applicatio oly) Select the avigatio screes by pressig the UP or DOWN ARROW keys.

24 Numeric Navigatio Screes The umeric avigatio screes cotai precise avigatio iformatio i umber form. This is a umeric avigatio scree. B 11 It shows: the destiatio waypoit distace to the destiatio waypoit (RNG) bearig to the destiatio waypoit (BRG) curret groud speed (GS) estimated time e route (ETE) groud track (TRK) course deviatio left or right (idicated i the rectagle at the bottom of the display)

25 B 12 This umeric scree is similar to the previous scree with the followig exceptios: desired track (DTK) replaces groud speed estimated time of arrival (ETA) replaces rage UTC (or LOC if local time offset is etered), i 24 hour format, replaces estimated time e route. This umeric scree shows still more iformatio. Displayed iformatio icludes: preset latitude/logitude positio (degrees, miutes, ad thousadths of a miute) curret GPS altitude

26 Movig Map Screes Oe of the most attractive features of the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is its ability to show movig map avigatio screes. The movig map screes graphically show your avigatio progress agaist a map of earest waypoits. You ca select from several differet movig map screes. B 13 This movig map scree with avigatio data is actually two screes i oe. Navigatio data icludes: destiatio waypoit bearig to the destiatio waypoit distace to the destiatio waypoit groud speed groud track (TK) course deviatio left or right

27 B 14 This scree icludes: This movig map scree shows the avigatio data i each corer. the destiatio waypoit (upper left corer) bearig to the destiatio waypoit (upper right corer) distace to the destiatio waypoit (lower right corer) map zoom scale (lower left corer) Zoomig I or Out You ca zoom i or out to ehace the view of avigatio progress o ay movig map scree. Zoomig i or out chages the map scale show i the lower left corer of the scree. Zoom i or out by usig the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW keys.

28 Here are some examples of how zoomig works: This scree shows a 20 autical mile scale selectio. B 15 A distace of 20 autical miles exists from the airplae ico (ear waypoit SLE) to the top of the scree. Selectig a smaller map scale reveals additioal detail, such as ruways. This ca be helpful whe approachig the destiatio waypoit.

29 Auto Zoom B 16 The auto zoom feature chages the movig map scale automatically. While avigatig, auto zoom adjusts the map scale to zoom i closer ad closer as you approach the destiatio waypoit. Whe travelig away from a waypoit, auto zoom adjusts the map scale to zoom out as the distace from the waypoit icreases. Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW keys to select auto zoom. The scree shows Auto for the map scale, meaig auto zoom is selected. I this case, the map scale is the distace to the active waypoit. You ca use the auto zoom feature with ay of the movig map screes.

30 Whe the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is set for use i marie applicatios, the orthographic avigatio scree is available. This scree shows the destiatio waypoit ahead ad clearly idicates course deviatio left or right. The same avigatio iformatio available i the movig map screes shows i the box at the right side of the scree. Sectio D cotais iformatio o how to set up the avigatio screes to your preferece, ad how to select operatig modes for differet applicatios. Orthographic Navigatio Scree B 17 Other screes are available that cotai iformatio importat to avigatio. These are: Other Screes the GPS sigal stregth scree the route scree the curret messages scree Sectio D cotais a descriptio of how to use these screes.

31 Creatig Waypoits B 18 I additio to the icluded database of waypoits, the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver allows you to create ad store up to 2,000 of your ow waypoits. You ca use your preset positio as a waypoit, or create waypoits based upo latitude ad logitude coordiates. Eterig Preset Positio as a Waypoit Press the NEW WPT key. The, press the ENTER key. The positio is etered as waypoit #0001. Up to 1,999 more waypoits ca be created this way while avigatig. Each etry is automatically icremeted. After repeatig this process, the ext etry would be waypoit #0002. To quickly eter a ew waypoit as a destiatio, press these keys: (1) NEW WPT, (2) GOTO/NRST, ad (3) ENTER.

32 Creatig User Waypoits Press the NEW WPT key. The waypoit creatig scree shows o the display. B 19 Use the ARROW keys to select ad chage the waypoit idetifier ad/or positio. Press the ENTER key to save the waypoit iformatio.

33 Usig the Navigatio Simulator B 20 Oce you have become comfortable with basic operatio of the receiver, you may wish to use the built i avigatio simulator to practice avigatig without actually travelig. As you practice, you may wish to refer to Sectio D which cotais iformatio about additioal features of the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver. Try these features as you use the simulator to become familiar with them. I this way, you will gai maximum beefit from this powerful avigatio device. Press the MENU/ PWR key to call the mai meu. Use the UP ad DOWN ARROW keys to select Operatio Mode ad press the ENTER key.

34 Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW keys to select Simulator. The press the ENTER key. B 21 You ca select the speed of simulated travel from 0 to 900 uits. All receiver optios are available while usig the simulator. Whe you fiish usig the simulator, chage the operatio mode to a differet settig to use the receiver for actual avigatio. Or, simply switch the receiver off. The previously used o-simulator mode will be active whe you ext switch the receiver o.

35 B 22 Sectio D cotais iformatio about other available operatio modes.

36 Sectio C - The Waypoit Database To aid the avigator, extesive databases of iformatio are available for the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver. Aviatio databases provide waypoit iformatio for airports (ARPT), o-directioal beacos (NDB), very high frequecy omirage (VOR), GPS overlay approaches, ad eroute ad termial itersectios (INT). C 1 The city database (CITY) provides waypoit iformatio for cities ad towships. The user database (USER) provides access to iformatio for all user created waypoits.

37 Available Waypoit Iformatio C 2 The followig iformatio is available for each waypoit category. ARPT Waypoit Iformatio geographic locatio airport type airport elevatio fuel availability by type ruway legth(s) ad surface type radio commuicatio frequecies (a asterisk at the frequecy idicates part-time availability) latitude/logitude coordiates avigatio beaco light IFR capability ladig fee VOR Waypoit Iformatio geographic locatio operatig frequecy distace from preset positio bearig from preset positio latitude/logitude coordiates DME available class (high/low/termial) weather broadcasts

38 NDB Waypoit Iformatio geographic locatio operatig frequecy distace from preset positio bearig from preset positio latitude/logitude coordiates DME available class (high/low/termial) INT Waypoit Iformatio coutry distace from preset positio bearig from preset positio latitude/logitude coordiates C 3 CITY Waypoit Iformatio geographic locatio populatio distace from preset positio bearig from preset positio latitude/logitude coordiates USER Waypoit Iformatio bearig from preset positio distace from preset positio latitude/logitude coordiates

39 Viewig Waypoit Iformatio Waypoit iformatio is always available whe you press the INFO key. Uless you choose differetly, iformatio shows for the curret destiatio waypoit. However, you ca easily view iformatio for other waypoits. Follow these examples. C 4 GOTO Waypoit Iformatio You ca view iformatio about a waypoit before selectig it as a destiatio. Press the GOTO/ NRST key. The, use the ARROW keys to select the waypoit idetifier ad category. Press the INFO key to view waypoit iformatio.

40 Nearest Waypoit Iformatio You ca view iformatio about the earest waypoits. Press the GOTO/ NRST key twice to search for the earest waypoits. Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to select a waypoit. C 5 Press the INFO key to view waypoit iformatio. It is ot ecessary to eter the waypoit as a destiatio to view iformatio.

41 Scaig Waypoits for Iformatio While avigatig usig the movig map screes, you ca easily sca earby waypoits for iformatio. Press the ENTER key repeatedly to select ay waypoit o the scree. C 6 The selected waypoit idetifier shows as highlighted, or darkeed. Press the INFO key to view iformatio about the selected waypoit. Sectio D cotais iformatio o how to set up the movig map screes ad earest waypoit search list to your preferece. The way these are set up affects which waypoits show o the movig maps or i the waypoit search list.

42 Sectio D - Advaced Features This sectio explais how to use advaced features of the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver to eable you to gai maximum beefit of its powerful capabilities. Iformatio i this sectio explais how to: eter multiple leg trips i memory check GPS satellite sigal stregth customize movig map displays maage user created waypoits maage messages use the coutdow timer setup multiple leg trips customize display of avigatio iformatio setup the receiver for differet types of use May features of the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver are accessible from the mai meu. Optios o the mai meu allow you to set up the receiver to your preferece ad maage the iformatio it gives you. The Mai Meu D 1 Call the mai meu for display at ay time by pressig the MENU/ PWR key. Callig the Mai Meu

43 Navigatio is ot iterrupted while accessig meu optios. Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to select meu optios. The arrow marker shows the curretly selected optio. Mai Meu Optios D 2 Available optios o the mai meu are: retur to avigatio scree operatio mode time ad place scree ad beeper map setups declutter maps track poit history arrival alerts airspace alerts CDI scale parallel track magetic variatio coutdow timer display uits serial outputs battery check user waypoit maagemet system iformatio A descriptio of each optio follows.

44 Retur to Nav The "Retur to Nav" optio is automatically selected whe the mai meu is called, allowig you to coveietly retur to the avigatio scree previously i use. Select this optio whe you fiish usig the mai meu, or aytime you wish to retur to the avigatio scree i use before the mai meu was called. D 3 Operatio Mode Select your iteded type of use for the receiver with this optio. Positio accuracy is optimized for each operatig mode. Available operatio modes are: aviatio hikig lad mobile marie survey simulator This optio also allows you to select the map datum for each mode except simulator.

45 WGS 1984 is the most recet datum ad should ormally be used uless you pla to avigate with a chart that was created usig a older datum. I this case, you may wish to select the datum used to create the chart. Chage Settigs D 4 The simulator mode allows you to practice avigatig without actually travelig. All optios are available i simulator mode. You ca select the speed of simulated travel from 0 to 900 uits. After simulator use, the receiver will retur to the previously used osimulator operatio mode the ext time you switch the receiver o. Time ad Place Use this optio to eter your preset positio ad set UTC ad local times as Sectio B describes i Eterig a Seed Positio. It is ecessary to eter the time ad place the first time the receiver is switched o. It is also ecessary to eter this iformatio if the receiver is switched off ad moved a distace of several hudred miles or more.

46 Time iformatio is lost i about 10 miutes if power is removed from the receiver. Replace weak batteries promptly or coect the receiver to exteral power to avoid losig ad havig to re-eter this iformatio. Scree ad Beeper This optio cotrols operatio of the built-i beeper ad display backlight, ad allows you to adjust display cotrast. Chage Settigs D 5 The beeper settig cotrols whe the beeper souds: MSG -beeps for messages, KEY - beeps each time you press a key, MSG & KEY - beeps for both, ad OFF - beeper does ot soud. Use the backlight to view the display i low light or darkess. You ca select low or high itesity backlight settigs from this scree. (You may also chage the backlight settig by pressig the MENU/PWR key several times. See page B-2.)

47 The backlight requires extra power to operate. To exted battery life, keep the display backlight off or use the lo settig. D 6 The cotrast settig chages the cotrast of the display. Use the left ad right arrow keys to adjust the cotrast. The best settig is determied by available light coditios ad the visual agle at which you view the display whe you use the receiver. (You may also chage the cotrast by pressig the MENU/PWR key ad the right or left arrow. See the iside frot cover.) Map Setups This optio cotrols what ad how iformatio shows o the movig map avigatio screes. Chage Settigs You ca select whether or ot to show a route path or airspaces i the viciity. You ca also select orietatio of the movig maps, with the top of the scree represetig curret track, desired track, or true orth.

48 This example shows a movig map scree with the route path ad airspaces selected to show. Zoomed i o the movig map, the route fuctio clearly shows course deviatio. Persoal preferece dictates how to use these optios to their best advatage. D 7 Declutter Maps This optio cotrols which waypoits show o the movig map avigatio screes. A type of waypoit set to O will show o the movig map screes. Other waypoits will ot show. You ca also select whether or ot waypoit idetifiers show o the screes. With idetifiers ot selected to show, small boxes represet waypoits. The destiatio waypoit always shows with idetifier, regardless of this settig.

49 Chage Settigs Whether or ot the idetifiers show, you ca sca waypoits o the movig map screes for iformatio as Sectio C describes. D 8 This optio also cotrols which types of waypoits appear i the list after a search for earest waypoits. These settigs are importat! Oly the types of waypoits you choose will show i the earest waypoit list. Track Poit History This optio allows you to store a record of avigatio progress. The stored record is a series of track poits, each cotaiig your positio at the time the poit was stored. You ca choose whether or ot to store track poits, how ofte to store them, ad maage the storage process usig this optio. Each stored track poit cosumes space i memory. You ca store up to 2000 track poits.

50 Chage Settigs Whe track history is o, poits are stored i memory. Your track history is displayed o the movig map screes as a series of dots idicatig the stored poit. D 9 You ca select the track poit storage strategy. Select forever to cotiuously store poits, startig over whe memory becomes full, or select Util Full ad stop storig poits whe memory becomes full. You ca also cotrol the storage iterval for track poits. Savig poits by distace allows you to select a distace iterval at which each track poit is stored. Similarly, savig poits by time allows you to select a time iterval for storage of each track poit.

51 The scree shows you how much memory space is used for track poit storage. If you wish to empty the memory of track poits, select clear? ad choose yes. Arrival Alerts This optio cotrols whether or ot ad whe the receiver should alert you of arrival at a destiatio waypoit. D 10 If you choose arrival alert messages, the beeper will soud ad a message will show o the display advisig you of arrival at a destiatio waypoit. You ca set the radius distace aroud the destiatio waypoit at which the receiver alerts you. Chage Settigs Airspace Alerts Use this optio to cotrol if ad whe the receiver should alert you whe approachig a class B TCA, class C ARSA, or special use airspace.

52 Chage Settigs If you choose airspace alerts, you ca select: whether or ot alert messages are issued the type of message - Class B ad C, Special Use (Restricted, Dager), or All the radius distace from the airspace border at which to be alerted the travel time (based upo curret track ad speed) from the airspace border at which to be alerted D 11 Special Note: The type of message selected here also cotrols the type of airspaces displayed o the map screes ad o the message page. If the receiver is computig a 3D positio fix, the GPS altitude will be used to avoid a alert message whe above or below the airspace ceilig or floor. To compesate for the iaccuracies of GPS altitude, a buffer of 1,000 feet is added to the ceilig ad subtracted from the floor. For example, if the published ceilig

53 D 12 of a airspace you are flyig over is 4,000 feet, a airspace message (if selected) occurs whe the GPS altitude is at or below 5,000 feet. CDI Scale This optio cotrols operatio of the course deviatio alert ad allows you to set the CDI scale uits to your preferece. You ca select the CDI scale maximum course deviatio left or right. The Alert Message cotrols whether or ot the receiver will alert you with the beeper ad a message o the display idicatig a course deviatio left or right i excess of the value o the scale.

54 Parallel Track With this optio, you ca set a parallel track course to a destiatio. Useful i aviatio applicatios where busy air corridors may dictate a parallel track, this optio sets the receiver to avigate a course with a selectable course deviatio distace left or right. You ca select whether or ot the receiver will alert you with the beeper ad a message o the display idicatig that this optio is i use ad remidig you of the course deviatio. D 13 The left or right offset distace you select represets CDI mid-scale whe Parallel Track O is set to Yes.

55 D 14 Magetic Variatio This optio allows you to override automatic magetic variatio ad maually eter a variatio value. This is ormally ot required for avigatio aywhere i the world except ear the poles, where magetic variatio is the greatest. If maual etry of magetic variatio is ecessary, obtai the correct value from a reliable chart or other source. Select Maual ad eter the variatio value east or west. To disable magetic variatio, select True. All course headigs will show refereced to true orth.

56 Coutdow Time The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver icludes a coutdow timer. Use this optio to eter a time of up to 60 miutes. After startig the timer, the receiver will soud the beeper ad show a message o the display whe the etered time has elapsed. D 15 Display Uits This optio allows you to chage the way avigatio uits of measure show o the display. You ca select the uits show for each avigatio parameter:

57 distace: m/kts; sm/mph; km/kph altitude: feet; meters LAT/LON: d-m.mmm; d-m-s. (where d=degrees, m=miutes, ad s=secods of latitude or logitude) Serial Outputs D 16 The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is equipped with a serial data port for commuicatio with exteral serial devices. This optio cotrols the outboud data fuctio of the port. Usig this optio with a appropriate cable coectio, you ca: sed serial data to a exteral movig map display sed serial data matchig the NMEA formats to ay serial device capable of acceptig it disable the serial data port Before attemptig to sed serial data to a exteral device, use the optioal serial data cable to coect the receiver to the desired device. The cable is equipped with a stadard DB9 coector to fit most device serial ports.

58 If the device has a serial port with a differet coector, you eed to purchase the correct coector ad attach it to the cable. See Makig Exteral Coectios at the back of this sectio for iformatio o properly coectig the serial cable. Use this optio to select: D 17 "Noe" - disable the serial port NMEA 0183 v1.50" - output NMEA seteces GPBWC, GPGLL, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPR00, GPWPL, GPXTE NMEA 0183 v2.00" - output NMEA seteces GPBWC, GPGLL, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPRTE, GPWPL, GPXTE Movig Map - output movig map data usig Apollo NMC2001 format

59 Battery Check This optio provides a graphic idicatio of battery coditio o a scale from Low to Full. The combied voltage of the six AA batteries is idicated at the bottom ceter of the scree. Also, a small battery symbol is show at the top of the mai meu idicatig the battery capacity. D 18 For satisfactory receiver operatio, battery voltage should be betwee 6 ad 9 volts. You will receive a warig message o the display if battery voltage falls below 6 volts. After the warig message shows o the display, the receiver will cotiue to operate for 20 to 30 miutes. Switch the display backlight off to coserve power. Replace the batteries promptly to avoid loss of time, user waypoits, routes, ad system setup iformatio stored i memory. Do ot allow low or discharged batteries to remai istalled i the receiver as leakage could damage iteral compoets.

60 User Waypoit Maagemet This optio allows you to maage the database of user waypoits. You ca edit or delete waypoits as your area of travel or other requiremets chage. It is importat to maage user waypoits wisely. With the capacity to store up to 2,000 user waypoits i memory, the Apollo hadheld GPS receiver ca retai a immese amout of iformatio. Whe you edit, use ituitive idetifiers for waypoits you have created. This will help you fid waypoits more easily whe you eed to avigate to them. D 19 Select User Wpt Mgmt from the mai meu. Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW keys to select Edit or Del. Select Edit ad press the ENTER key to edit existig waypoits. Use the ARROW keys to select ad chage the waypoit idetifier ad/or positio.

61 Edit the waypoit iformatio as required. Press the ENTER key to save the waypoit iformatio. D 20 Select Del to delete a waypoit from memory. Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to select the waypoit to delete. Press the ENTER key to delete the waypoit. Whe you have fiished usig this optio, select Quit. Press the ENTER key to retur to the mai meu.

62 System Iformatio This optio shows the curret operatig software versio umber ad idicates the waypoit database regio, date, ad versio umber. No settigs ca be chaged. The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver has the ability to store up to 20 reversible trip plas or routes i memory. Each route ca cosist of up to 30 waypoits, either user created or from the built i database. After routes are created, ay route ca be called from memory for avigatio. While avigatig a route, the destiatio waypoit updates as you arrive at each route waypoit. The Route Scree Select the route scree from ay avigatio scree usig the UP or DOWN ARROW keys. Settig Up Multiple Leg Trips D 21

63 The route scree shows the status ad up to the first four waypoits of each route, as well as the desired track ad distace betwee cosecutive waypoits. With NXT RTE highlighted, use the ENTER key to view each route. Routes ot i use are Off. Creatig a Route Select Edit from the route meu to begi creatig route 01. The, select Is to isert waypoits ito the route. D 22 Isert waypoits alog the route as you pla the trip. Begi with the waypoit of origi ad work toward the destiatio waypoit. If you desire, you ca later chage, add, or delete route waypoits. Use the ARROW keys to select the first waypoit to isert. The, press the ENTER key. Repeat this process to add more waypoits to the route.

64 As you add waypoits, the route scree shows the bearig to each waypoit ad the distace betwee them. Whe you fiish isertig waypoits ito the route, select Doe ad press the ENTER key to save the route i memory. Chagig a Route Waypoit You may chage ay waypoit alog a route. Select the route to chage from the route meu. The, select Edit as if creatig a route. D 23 Select a waypoit to chage. Whe the marker arrow poits to the desired waypoit, select CHG to chage it. Make chages to the waypoits i the route as desired. Whe chages are complete, select Doe to eter the chages ito memory.

65 Addig a Route Waypoit You may add waypoits to ay route. Add waypoits to a route by isertig them ito the route. Select the route from the route meu ito which you wish to isert waypoits. The, select Edit as if creatig a route. D 24 Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to move the marker arrow to the waypoit before which the iserted waypoit should be placed. Select Is to isert the waypoit ito the route. Whe desired waypoits are iserted ito the route, select Doe ad press the ENTER key to eter the iserted route waypoits ito memory.

66 Deletig Route Waypoits To delete waypoits from a route, select the route from the route meu from which you wish to delete waypoits. The, select Edit as if creatig a route. Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to move the marker arrow to the waypoit you wish to delete. Select Del to delete the waypoit from the route. D 25 Whe desired waypoits are deleted from the route, select Doe ad press the ENTER key to remove the deleted route waypoits from memory. Deletig waypoits from routes will ot remove them from the waypoit database.

67 Startig a Route Whe you are ready to avigate a route, it must be started. Oly oe route may be started at ay time. Select the route you wish to start from the route meu. Select Start to start the route. D 26 You may choose to avigate the route i either directio. Select Normal to avigate the route the way it was created, or select Reverse to avigate the route from the destiatio waypoit to the poit of origi. After a route is started, (route O ) you ca view other routes or edit them. From the route scree, you ca quickly retur to the active route by pressig ad holdig the ENTER key. Stoppig or Holdig a Route A route o hold ca be resumed from a waypoit alog the route, whereas a stopped route must be restarted from the waypoit of origi.

68 Holdig a route leaves the route active, but stops destiatio waypoit updatig. Stop or hold the active route by selectig it from the route meu. Press ad hold the ENTER key to quickly select the active route. Select Stop to stop or hold the route. Select whether to Stop or Hold the route. D 27 Resumig a Route Select Resume to resume a route o hold.

69 Route Direct To Durig avigatio of a route, you may wish to bypass oe or more waypoits ad proceed directly to a destiatio waypoit. The route Direct To optio allows you to do this. Select the active route from the route meu. The, select Edit as if creatig a route. D 28 Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to move the marker arrow to the waypoit to which you wish to avigate. The, press the GOTO/NRST key to eter the waypoit as the destiatio. The route scree shows direct status to the waypoit. You ca ow avigate directly to the desired destiatio waypoit.

70 GPS Approaches ad Exteded Ruway Ceterlies are available with software versio 3.0 or greater. This feature allows pilots to select a approach ad automatically isert approach waypoits ito the route. Eterig GPS Approaches GPS Overlay Approaches Software versio 3.0 or greater icludes all published GPS overlay approaches i the U.S. ad Caada. These approaches are desiged to fit over existig NDB ad VOR o-precisio approaches ad allow you to moitor your progress while flyig a o-precisio approach usig your approved IFR equipmet. The GPS overlay approaches MUST NOT be flow usig the Apollo hadheld GPS aloe. You MUST use your IFR approved sesors (NDB or VOR) ad charts to fly the approach. D 29 Approach Waypoit Idetifiers The approaches use published waypoits if available, but whe published waypoits are ot available, special waypoits ad idetifiers are created. These created ames iclude a two character prefix usually followed by the ruway umber (e.g., CF23L). If the approach does ot apply to a particular ruway, the the

71 course to the way poit is used (e.g., FF323). These are also the same idetifiers that appear o approach charts modified for GPS overlay approach use. Each GPS overlay approach cosists of two or more waypoits. These waypoits are: D 30 CF*** - fial approach course fix (e.g., CF17 or CF02L; about half of the approaches have this waypoit) FF*** - fial approach fix (e.g., FF22 or FF183; this waypoit is always i the approach) MA*** - missed approach poit ot at a ruway ed (e.g., MA12 or MA21R) RW*** - missed approach poit at a ruway ed (e.g., RW23L or RW 02) A missed approach waypoit, either MA*** or RW***, is always i the approach.

72 NOT icluded i the overlay approaches are: iitial approach fixes (may be iserted maually) procedure turs or holdig poits altitude step dow fixes missed approach holdig poit (may be iserted maually) Ruway Ceterlie Extesios The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver icludes a automatic procedure to isert the ruway ed poit ad a poit four autical miles out o the ruway ceterlie extesio ito ay route. These two poits ca be used to lie up the airplae with the ruway ceterlie ad give distace iformatio to the ruway ed. These are NOT published approaches ad do ot take ito cosideratio ay terrai or obstacle clearace. These extesios are provided for may ruways aroud the world. D 31 RW 31 4m EX 31

73 Ruway Ceterlie Waypoit Idetifiers Each ruway ceterlie extesio cosists of two waypoits. These waypoits are: EX*** - exteded ruway ceterlie waypoit four miles from the ruway ed (e.g., EX04 or EX21L) RW*** - missed approach poit at a ruway ed (e.g., RW23L or RW 02) D 32 A RW*** waypoit may appear i either a published GPS overlay approach or a ruway ceterlie extesio. Isertig Approaches Ito Routes To isert a GPS overlay approach or a ruway exteded ceterlie ito a route, use the followig procedure: I the NAV mode, go to the Route page (use the UP ad DOWN ARROW keys). Press ENTER util the desired route is displayed.

74 Press the RIGHT ARROW key to highlight EDIT, the press ENTER. The destiatio airport must be the last waypoit i the route. Press the DOWN ARROW key util the arrow cursor is at the blak lie past the airport. Press the RIGHT ARROW key to highlight APPROACH, the press ENTER. D 33 Press the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to select the approach. The waypoits to be iserted are displayed at the bottom. For ruway ceterlie extesios, the approach idetifier is EXT (e.g. EXT RWY 16). These appear after ay overlay approaches.

75 Press ENTER to isert the waypoits. The destiatio airport is deleted ad the approach waypoits take its place. Now you ca delete ay uwated waypoits, or add waypoits such as a Iitial Approach Fix. D 34 With DONE highlighted, press ENTER ad the you ca start the route. If you wat to see routelies o the map, make sure the Route Path is tured o i the Map Setups uder the Mai Meu. After the approach is completed, the added waypoits ca be deleted from the route ad the airport iserted back ito the route.

76 The satellite sigal stregth scree shows iformatio about sigals beig received from the GPS satellites. Iformatio show o the scree icludes: Checkig Satellite Sigal Stregth the umber of satellite sigals curretly beig received the umber of the satellite trasmittig each received sigal the stregth of each received sigal whether or ot the receiver is able to calculate a 3D positio the azimuth ad elevatio agle of each satellite from which a sigal is beig received D 35 Access the sigal stregth scree from ay avigatio scree by pressig the UP or DOWN ARROW keys. This example shows iformatio about the sigal received from satellite 6. The scree shows that six satellite sigals are beig received. Hece, a 3D positio fix is curretly beig calculated by the receiver.

77 The scree also shows that the sigal from satellite 6 is the weakest received. The satellite is curretly located at a elevatio of 41 from a horizo azimuth of 341 ad is beig tracked by the receiver. Use the LEFT or RIGHT ARROW keys to check sigal stregths from other received satellites. Importat: Whe sigals from fewer tha four satellites are beig received, a 3D positio fix is ot possible. GPS altitude caot be accurately calculated by the receiver. Maagig Messages The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver helps you avigate by iformig you of importat evets. These evets are aouced by alert messages which show o the display aytime the receiver is operatig. A audible beep souds ad cotiues util you press the ENTER key to ackowledge the alert message. Alert messages may alert you of: airspace peetratio arrival at the destiatio excessive course deviatio low battery power parallel track avigatio loss of positio fix expiratio of coutdow timer

78 Airspace Alert Message The airspace alert message shows o the display whe you approach or peetrate a airspace. To disable airspace alert messages, use the Airspace Alert optio i the Mai Meu. Arrival Alert Message D 37 The arrival alert message shows o the display whe you are withi the arrival radius of the destiatio waypoit. To disable arrival alert messages, use the Arrival Alert optio i the Mai Meu.

79 Low Battery Alert Message The low battery alert message shows o the display whe battery voltage falls below 6 volts. The low battery alert message caot be disabled. D 38 No Positio Alert Message The o positio alert message shows o the display if the positio fix is lost or caot be calculated for ay reaso. The o positio alert message caot be disabled.

80 Parallel Track Alert Message The parallel track alert message shows o the display to remid you that the parallel track optio is eabled. To disable the parallel track alert message, use the Parallel Track optio i the Mai Meu. Course Deviatio Alert Message The course deviatio alert message shows o the display whe you exceed the deviatio distace o the CDI scale. D 39 To disable the course deviatio alert message, use the CDI Scale optio i the Mai Meu.

81 Curret Messages The curret messages scree shows alert messages that remai valid after beig ackowledged. You ca review these messages from ay avigatio scree by pressig the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to display the curret messages scree. To view all messages, press the ENTER key. The curret messages scree also shows the earest airspaces (up to five) as you press the ENTER key. These airspaces are ot show i ay particular order. D 40 This course deviatio alert message shows a updated deviatio distace. Exteral Electrical Coectios The Apollo hadheld GPS receiver is equipped with electrical coectors o the back of the case, allowig you to coect a exteral power source, a serial data cable, ad/or a exteral GPS atea.

82 Exteral Power Coectio Serial Data Port Exteral GPS Atea Back of Case To coect the uit to a exteral power source, plug the icluded power cable ito the coector labeled Power. Coect the cable to a 6VDC to 32VDC power source. Note that the uit will use exteral power if the voltage from the exteral source is higher tha the iteral battery voltage. D 41 Groud 6VDC to 32VDC Electrical Coector