3. (a) Derive an expression for the Hull cut off condition for cylindrical magnetron oscillator. (b) Write short notes on 8 cavity magnetron [8+8]
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1 Code No: RR Set No (a) Compare Drift space bunching and Reflector bunching with the help of Applegate diagrams. (b) A reflex Klystron operates at the peak of n=1 or 3 / 4 mode. The dc power input is 40mW and ratio of V 1 to V 0 is i. Determine the efficiency of the Reflex Klystron Oscillator ii. Find the total power output in mw. iii. If 20% of the power delivered by the electron beam is dissipated in the cavity walls, find the power delivered to the load.. [6+10] 2. (a) What is a slow wave structure? Explain and differentiate between different structures. (b) Explain the working principle of TWT amplifier.. [8+8] 3. (a) Derive an expression for the Hull cut off condition for cylindrical magnetron oscillator. (b) Write short notes on 8 cavity magnetron [8+8] 4. (a) Describe a non-degenerate negative resistance parametric amplifier. (b) An N type Ga As GUNN diode has the following specification Threshold field: 3KV/m Applied field 3.5KV/m Device length 10 micrometers Doping Constant electron/ Cm 3 Operating freq. 10 GHz Calculate the current density and (-Ve) electron mobility in the device, explaining the relations used. [6+10] 5. (a) A rectangular cavity of width a height b and length d is to resonance with TE 101 mode. Show that the frequency of resonance f res = C 1 + d2 2d a 2 If f res = 10GHz, a= 2 cm., and b = 1cm, find d (b) Discuss how wave equations are useful in understanding the propagation of EM waves in wave guides. [8+8] 6. (a) State the properties of E plane Tee and H plane Tee. (b) Show that a symmetrical magic Tee is a 3dB directional coupler. [8+8] 1 of 2
2 Code No: RR Set No (a) Derive the S matrix for E-plane Tee. (b) What is Faraday s Rotation? What are its applications in microwaves? Explain in detail. [10+6] 8. (a) Define VSWR. Describe the methods of measuring high and low VSWRs. (b) Write short notes on Reflection co-efficient and Insertion loss measurement at microwave frequencies. [8+8] 2 of 2
3 Code No: RR Set No (a) Compare Drift space bunching and Reflector bunching with the help of Applegate diagrams. (b) A reflex Klystron operates at the peak of n=1 or 3 / 4 mode. The dc power input is 40mW and ratio of V 1 to V 0 is i. Determine the efficiency of the Reflex Klystron Oscillator ii. Find the total power output in mw. iii. If 20% of the power delivered by the electron beam is dissipated in the cavity walls, find the power delivered to the load.. [6+10] 2. (a) Distinguish between different types of slow wave structures. Why is a slow wave structure used in TWT? (b) Compare the performance characteristics applications and limitations of Klystron amplifiers, TWT amplifiers and parametric amplifiers.. [8+8] 3. (a) What is Π mode of oscillations in a magnetron? Why is strapping required in a magnetron? (b) An x-band pulsed cylindrical magnetron has V 0 = 30 KV, I 0 = 80A, B 0 = 0.01wb/sq.m, a= 4 cm, b = 8 cm. Calculate the cyclotron angular frequency, cut-off voltage and cut-off magnetic flux density. [8+8] 4. (a) Negative resistance devices can be used to produce amplification and oscillation. Explain with suitable examples. (b) Draw the equivalent circuit of a typical parametric amplifier and explain the parameters involved. [8+8] 5. (a) Show that the TEM, TM01 and TM10 modes in a rectangular wave-guide do not exist. (b) Discuss the merits and demerits of circular wave guide over rectangular wave guide. [10+6] 6. Write short notes on the following. (a) Directional coupler. (b) Wave guide windows. (c) Flap attenuator. [5+5+6] 7. (a) What are Ferrites? Derive the scattering matrix of an isolator. 1 of 2
4 Code No: RR Set No. 2 (b) State and prove S matrix properties of a lossless junction. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the method to measure VSWR and reflection co-efficient. (b) Describe the measurement of impedance using slotted line and Smith chart. [8+8] 2 of 2
5 Code No: RR Set No (a) What is velocity modulation? Explain how amplification takes place in a two cavity Klystron amplifier. (b) What is transit time? How it is made use of in realization of microwave tubes. [10+6] 2. (a) What is a slow wave structure? Explain and differentiate between different structures. (b) Explain the working principle of TWT amplifier.. [8+8] 3. (a) A magnetron is operating in the Π mode and has the following specifications, N=10, f= 3MHz, a = 0.4cm, b= 0.9 cm, l = 2.5 cm, V 0 = 18 KV, B = 0.2 wb/m 2. Determine i. the angular velocity of the electron. ii. The radius at which radial forces due to electric and magnetic fields are equal and opposite. (b) What are Hatree harmonics? Explain in detail. [8+8] 4. (a) Describe a non-degenerate negative resistance parametric amplifier. (b) An N type Ga As GUNN diode has the following specification Threshold field: 3KV/m Applied field 3.5KV/m Device length 10 micrometers Doping Constant electron/ Cm 3 Operating freq. 10 GHz Calculate the current density and (-Ve) electron mobility in the device, explaining the relations used. [6+10] 5. (a) Starting with the equation for the propagation constant of a mode in a rectangular wave guide, Derive the expression λ = λgλc λg 2 +λc 2 Where λ g is the guide wave length and λ c is the cutoff wave length (b) An air filled rectangular wave guide has dimensions of 0.9 x 0.4 and is supporting TE 10 mode at a frequency of 9800 MHz. Calculate the wave guide impedance. Calculate the percentage change in this impedance for a 10% increase in the operating frequency. [8+8] 6. (a) Explain the working of two hole directional coupler with a neat diagram. 1 of 2
6 Code No: RR Set No. 3 (b) Explain about E plane Tee junction with a neat sketch. Why it is called a series Tee? [8+8] 7. (a) Explain the principle of operation of an isolator. What is the significance of using isolator in microwave circuits? (b) Explain the characteristics of a 3 port circulator listing its S- matrix. How can this be used as an Isolator? [8+8] 8. (a) Define VSWR. Describe the methods of measuring high and low VSWRs. (b) Write short notes on Reflection co-efficient and Insertion loss measurement at microwave frequencies. [8+8] 2 of 2
7 Code No: RR Set No (a) Discuss various losses that occur at UH frequencies and suggest the remedies. (b) What is velocity modulation? How is it different from normal modulation? Explain how velocity modulation is utilized in Klystron amplifier. [6+10] 2. With a neat sketch explain the structure and the principle of operation of backward wave oscillator. Derive a simple expression for the oscillator frequency? Discuss its applications.. [16] 3. (a) Explain the principle of Π mode oscillations in cylindrical magnetron. (b) Write short notes on Reike diagram and its significance. [8+8] 4. (a) What are bulk properties of a GUNN diode that give rise to negative resistance like characteristics? (b) A Ga As Gunn diode has an active region of 10 micro meters. If the electron drift velocity is 10 5 m/sec., calculate the natural frequency and the Threshold voltage. The critical electric field is 3 KV/cm. [8+8] 5. (a) Show that the TEM, TM01 and TM10 modes in a rectangular wave-guide do not exist. (b) Discuss the merits and demerits of circular wave guide over rectangular wave guide. [10+6] 6. (a) Sketch a 4 port Hybrid junction. Justify that it is basically a 3 db directional coupler. (b) A 20-mw signal is fed into the series arm of a loss less Magic Tee junction. Calculate the power delivered through each port when other ports are terminated in matched load. [8+8] 7. (a) Obtain the S-Matrix of an ideal 3dB directional coupler. (b) Write short notes on Ferrite Devices. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain how you measure VSWR of given load for all kinds of loads possible. (b) Give the measurement procedure of Q factor of a resonant cavity. [8+8] 1 of 1
R.K.YADAV. 2. Explain with suitable sketch the operation of two-cavity Klystron amplifier. explain the concept of velocity and current modulations.
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