Unit 1: Introduction to Drafting (Chapter1: World Wide Graphics)

Transcription

1 Unit 1: Introduction to Drafting (Chapter1: World Wide Graphics) DFTG-1305 Technical Drafting Instructor: Jimmy Nhan Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 1

2 OBJECTIVES 1. Professions that use technical drawings. 2. Identify three purposes for technical drawings. 5. Explain why standards are important. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 2

3 Manual drawing? Why? John McRae, Director of Drafting Department at MicroTron Engineering says: A lot technicians with CADD skills but none of them has deep knowledge of how to make technical drawings with instruments (manual drafting). A lot engineering companies still use traditional drafting to revise existing drawings And my experiences, manual drafting still provides a solid foundation for a draftsperson: To express ideas, sketch replacement parts, joist down initial inventions, explain concepts to customer /co-worker, and many more. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 3

4 Few sample Professions that use technical drawings Engineers in all fields Constructions Architectures Landscape Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 4

5 UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF TECHNICAL DRAWINGS Technical drawings serve one of three purposes: Visualization Communication Documentation (Project developed and created by Philips Design.) (Courtesy of Dynojet Research, Inc.) (Courtesy of Woods Power-Grip Co., Inc.) Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 5

6 Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 6

7 Unit 3: Lettering (Chapter2: Layouts and Lettering) DFTG-1305 Technical Drafting Instructor: Jimmy Nhan Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 7

8 OBJECTIVES 1. Lettering 2. Fill in a standard title block with the appropriate information. 3. Lay out a drawing sheet. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 8

9 Drawing Vocabulary Drawing Lines Lettering A B C A B C Measurement Systems mm Inch Scale Title Blocks Title Block Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 9

10 LETTERING Lettered text is often necessary to completely describe an object or to provide detailed specifications. Lettering should be legible, be easy to create, and use styles acceptable for traditional drawing and CAD drawing. Engineering drawings use single-stroke sans serif letters because they are highly legible and quick to draw. Sans serif means without serifs, or spurs Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 10

11 LETTERING STANDARDS Most hand-drawn notes use lettering about 3 mm (1/8") high. CAD notes are set using the keyboard and sized to be in the range of 3 mm (1/8") tall according to the plotted size of the drawing. Examples of Lettering Using CAD CAD drawings typically use a Gothic (sans serif) lettering style but often use a Roman (serif) style for titles. When adding lettering to a CAD drawing, a good rule of thumb is not to use more than two fonts within the same drawing. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 11

12 Vertical Capital Letters and Numerals The proportions of vertical capital letters and numbers are shown Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 12

13 Inclined Capital Letters and Numerals Inclined (italic) capital letters and numerals, are similar to vertical characters, except for the slope. The slope of the letters is about 68 from the horizontal. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 13

14 FRACTIONS Do s & Don t Never let numerals touch the fraction bar. Center the denominator under the numerator. Avoid using an inclined fraction bar, except when lettering in a narrow space, as in a parts list. Make the fraction bar slightly longer than the widest part of the fraction. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 14

15 USING GUIDELINES Use extremely light horizontal guidelines to keep letter height uniform For even freehand letters: Use 1/8" gridded paper for drawing to make lettering easy. Use a scale and set off a series of spaces, making both the letters and the spaces between lines of letters 1/8" high. Use a guideline template like the Berol Rapidesign 925 For whole numbers and fractions, draw five equally spaced guidelines. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 15

16 SPACING OF LETTERS AND WORDS Spacing between Letters Uniform spacing between letters is done by eye. Contrary to what might seem logical, putting equal distances from letter to letter causes them to appear unequally spaced. Spacing between Words Space letters closely within words to make each word a compact unit, but space words well enough apart to clearly separate them from adjacent words. Spacing between Rows Be sure to leave space between rows of lettering, usually equal to the letter height. Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 16

17 LETTERING FOR TITLES In most cases, the title and related information are lettered in title boxes or title strips When lettering by hand, arrange the title symmetrically about an imaginary centerline Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 17