Multi-Lateral Shearing Interferometry: Principle and Application on X-ray Laboratory Sources

Transcription

1 Multi-Lateral Shearing Interferometry: Principle and Application on X-ray Laboratory Sources International Symposium on Digital Industrial Radiology and Computed Tomography June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 1, David TISSEUR 1 and Jérôme PRIMOT 2 1 CEA LIST, Department of Imaging and Simulation for Non-Destructive Testing, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 2 ONERA, The French Aerospace Laboratory, Palaiseau Cedex, France

2 Multi-Lateral Shearing Interferometry: Principle and Application on X-ray Laboratory Sources Context Principle Application on X-ray tube Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Conclusion and perspectives

3 Context Attenuation contrast vs Phase contrast Transmission function: Amplitude related to absorption Phase Cadaveric and in vivo human joint imaging based on differential phase contrast by X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometry J. Tanaka ; Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik, 2012 Complex refractive index: Low Z-material at kev : More sensibility DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 3

4 Context Phase contrast imaging on X-ray tube Propagation based Multi-grating interferometry Source Grating Sample Detector Source Sample Detector Phase-contrast imaging using polychromatic hard X-rays S. W. Wilkins et al. Nature, Differential x-ray contrast imaging using a shearing interferometer C. David et al. Applied Physics Letters, Demonstration of X-Ray Talbot Interferometry Japanese Journal of Applied Physics A. Momose et al. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, Phase retrieval and differential phase-contrast imaging with lowbrilliance X-ray sources F. Pfeiffer et al. Nature physics, Speckle based Edge illumination source Sandpaper Detector source Pre-sample Aperture Shaped beams Detector Aperture Detector pixels Speckle-Based X-Ray Phase-Contrast and Dark-Field Imaging with a Laboratory Source I. Zanette et al. Applied Physics Letters, A coded-aperture technique allowing x-ray phase contrast imaging with conventional sources A. Olivo et al. Applied Physics Letters,

5 Principle Multi-lateral shearing interferometry Phase gradient sensitive Source Phase grating Tilted waves front Detector DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 5

6 Principle Interferogram treatment Phase grating Intensity signal recorded Intensity spectrum y x Interferogram generated Fourier transform H4 H2 H3 H1 H4 fy H0 H1 H2 H3 fx fy Phase image Phase retrieval algorithm Hi Center fx 6

7 Principle Phase imaging examples with single grating Application case: quatitative microscopy dedicated to cells in IR and visible domain Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry for quantitative phase microscopy of living cells P.Bon et al; Optics Express 2009 Application case: Indium block imaging in X-ray domain on synchrotron source Imagerie de phase quantitative par interferometrie a dealage quadrilateral. Application au domaine des rayons X durs J.Rizzi; PhD Thesis 2013 DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 7

8 Principle Advantages: 1 grating Achromatique technique Direct noise measurement Challenges : Simplification of the set-up X-ray tube Robustness Achromaic three-wave (or more) lateral shearing interferometer J.Primot; Journal of the optical society of america X-ray phase contrast imaging and noise evaluation using a single phase grating Interferometer J.Rizzi et al; Optical Society of America Talbot experiment re-examined: demonstration of an achromatic and continuous self-imaging regime Guérineau N et al; Optics Communication A phase sensitive interferometer technique for the measurement of the Fourier Transfoms of spatial brightness distributions of small angular extent Jennison R et al; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Coherency Fringes detection detector microfocus X-ray tube high resolution X-ray tube cone-beam propagation DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 8

9 Application on X-ray tube Set-up with laboratory X-ray source High resolution Detector Pixel size 9,7 µm Size 4x3 cm Dynamic 16 bit Gadox scintillator 15 µm SEM image Phase grating Gold block 3 µm thick P = 3 µm Phase shift 17 kev Micro focus X-ray tube Transmission tube Max Tension: 160 kv Max Current: 1mA Spot size: 2-4 µm p x 0 π DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 9

10 Application on X-ray tube First experimental interferogram: grating only Image acquisition Fourier transform Intensity spectrum How can we optimize, in our configuration, the interferogram? DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 10

11 Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Simulation Tool Goal: understanding the interferogram quality PENELOPE-2006: A Code System for Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron and Photon Transport F. Salvat et al; Workshop Proceedings 2006 Interferogram Incident wave front Source: - Spectrum - Spot size Phase grating Grating: - Period - Shape - Quality Tilted waves front Detection: - MTF - Scintillator 11

12 Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Simulation Tool: Based on Fresnel-Kirchoff formalism Calculation of the transmission function: Ray tracing Propagator: Detection : Assumption: thin sample i.e. no propagation inside the object 12

13 Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Simulation Validation: Optical fiber image, a canonical object Source z Optical fiber Detection Pixels Experience x y Plot profile comparison between simulated and experimental data Simulation Comparison of experimental and simulated profiles of Silicon fiber. Mean correlation of 97.5% - Spatial resolution 2.5 pixels; - Spot size 5µm Pixels Percentage of relative correlation between simulated and experimental data - Noise 1%

14 Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Simulation Study Variation of grating-detection distance D at constant magnification G D Source Phase grating Detector G = 3 Zt : Talbot Distance ~ Zt/2 D DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 14

15 Simulation tool, Modelisation and Validation Simulation Study Variation of grating-detection distance D at constant magnification G with two spectra: Molybdenium Mo and Tungsten W. Fringes contrast C at ~Zt/2 W Mo G = 2 C = 6% C = 13% 1 ~Zt/ cm 1 ~Zt/ cm G = 3 C = 15% C = 31% 1 ~Zt/ cm 1 ~Zt/ cm G = ~Zt/ cm ~Zt/ cm C = 18% C = 42%

16 Conclusions and Perspectives Conclusions -Interferogram generation on laboratory X-ray source -Development of a acquisition chain model: source, grating, object and detector. -Experimental validation of our simulation tool -First results with W and Mo spectra Perspectives -Optimization of our experimental set-up with our simulation tool (work in progress) -Phase retrieval algorithm adapted to laboratory X-ray sources -Volumetric reconstruction of real part of the complex refractive index DIR June 22-25, 2015 Adrien STOLIDI 16

17 Thank you for your attention Questions? Department of Imaging & Simulation for Non-Destructive Testing (DISC) Commissariat à l énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Institut Carnot CEA LIST Centre de Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex