Present Status and Future Plan of Ionospheric Observation and Research in LAPAN

Transcription

1 Present Status and Future Plan of Ionospheric Observation and Research in LAPAN Buldan Muslim 1), Jiyo 1), Asnawi 1) and Dyah R.M. 1) 1) Space Science Center National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN) Jl. DR. Junjunan 133 Bandung Indonesia 1 st AOSWA WORKSHOP, Chiang May Thailand, Februari 2012

2 Introduction LAPAN has been developed the method of HF prediction since 1982, the regional ionospheric model since 2002 and regional T index prediction since 2002 for improving accuration of HF communication prediction over Indonesia Ionosphere over Indonesia is located at low latitude that has large temporal and spatial variation, accurate prediction is difficult by using existing global ionospheric model ( IRI, ASAPS ) Indonesian region consist 2/3 ocean, covers an area of 50 long x 18 lat, ionospheric data from few ionosondes is not enough to be used for HF communication specification over Indonesia

3 Introduction LAPAN has also developed the near real time ionospheric monitoring system to detect space weather phenomena, ionospheric precursors of earthquake and to study the lithosphere ionosphere coupling detected before and after earthquake. For two main activities of ionospheric observarion and research, LAPAN need partners from other agencies and neighboring countries to accelerate the development of ionospheric monitoring system and ionospheric research The status and plan of ionospheric observation and research in LAPAN are important for consideration of ionospheric observation and research collaboration in the future especially in Asia Australia region

4 Ionospheric observation and research in LAPAN Ionosondes (HF communication specification) GPS TEC and Scintillation (ionospheric irregulariry, ionospheric correction model and space weather effect mitigation of GPS application) MF radar and MWR (atmosphere ionosphere coupling) GPS observation network (earthquke precursors and ionospheric modeling) GRBR network (TEC and scintillation)

5 Latitude Status and Plan of Ionospheric Observation in LAPAN LAPAN IONOSPHERIC OBSERVATION NETWORK KTB PTK GISTM MND GISTM/IGS MND BIK1 GISTM/IGS BIAK BDG GISTM, CORS TJS PMK KPG Longitude 2012: new inst. of cadi MND, KPG IONOSONDE Operate maintainance preparaion GISTM Operate preparation 2012: GISTM / IGS MND and BIAK 2013: All ionospheric observations are accessable in real time from Bandung

6 Latitude Status of Radar Observation of ionosphere / mesosphere in LAPAN 20 LAPAN IONOSPHERIC / MESOSPHERIC RADAR NETWORK KTB EAR and MWR PTK MF radar BIAK MWR -5 PMP MF radar Longitude

7 LATITUDE Study the passive radar observation of ionospheric irregularity in Indonesia 10 DESIGN of VHF IONOSPHERIC PASSIVE RADAR 5 VHF receiver FM commercial transmitter LONGITUDE Mument, 2011

8 LATITUDE Status of LAPAN-BAKOSURTANAL collaboration for developing GPS near real time ionospheric monitoring system REAL TIME CGPS FROM BAKOSURTANAL, STATUS ON 31 DEC Pdg Pont Blkp Bitung Tern Sor Biak Bkl Cibinong Bdg SmrSrby Den Kndr Mksr Maumere Kup Mer LONGITUDE

9 LATITUDE Plan of LAPAN-BAKOSURTANAL-NICT collaboration for GPS TEC estimation over Indonesia REAL TIME TEC ESTIMATION USING BAKOSURTANAL CGPS, PLAN IN NICT LAPAN DATA CENTER Pdg Bkl LAPAN-NICT TEC calculation from BAKO CGPS output: GTEX file Pont Cibinong Bdg SmrSrby Den Blkp LONGITUDE Mksr Kndr Maumere Kup Bitung Tern Sor Biak Mer

10 Installation of GRBR in Watukosek (6 May dan 10 June 2011) Timbul, 2011

11 Ionospheric data from GRBR network KTB PTK MND - BIK S:05:05:41 05:17:16 S:05:08:24 05:19:59 S:05:12:57 05:28:33 S:05:15:55 05:26:55 Timbul, 2011

12 Regional Ionospheric Model and Prediction Existing regional and global ionospheric model MSILRI (Model of Simplified Ionosphere for Low Latitude Region over Indonesia) fof2gimmsilri (global model of fof2, convert fof2 from TEC data ) foe model (M-ProE) Regional Ionospheric T index Electron density profile over Indonesia is available from GPS Occultaion data but its not yet to be used for ionospheric densitty modeling over Indonesia

13 MSILRI R12 L L: Nonliniear function R12: Linear function fof2

14 MAD of fof2 = % R12 high MAD of fof2 = 9.17 % R12 low Largest error is in equinox time MSILRI should be improved by modifying the formulation including by add the input variables such as geomagnetic index and longitudinal variation and using geomagnetic latitude rather than geographic latitude Asnawi dan Buldan, 2007

15 GIM-MSILRI fof2 model R12 L L: Nonliniear function R12: Linear function TEC fof2 Solar storm : MHz Low solar activity: ,12 MHz ( R12) 1000TEC ( R12) 1.24 fof 2( R12) 2 Buldan 2011, International Southeast Asia Low-Latitude Ionospheric Observation Network Symposium 2011, January 2011, Bangkok, Thailand

16 TEC of GIM fof2 Solar storm : MHz Low solar activity: ,12 MHz

17 Regional T index Regional Ionospheric T Index Tanjungsari ionosonde: 70 %T tjs > T glob Vanimo ionosonde: 67 % T van > T glob Accuration of T tjs from T glob = 92 % Accuation of T van from T glob = 87 % For long term ionospheric prediction use T glob (Suhartini, 2011) For short term ionospheric prediction using ASAPS model : use local T index : the problem is real time data of fof2

18 Indeks T, R12 Real Time Channel Evaluation software by using regional ionospheric condision and ALE networks Tahun T Tjs T global R12 Method and software of regional T-index. Jiyo, 2010, Suhartini, 2011

19 Investigate D-Region Absorption using MF radar The intense radiations from solar flares when towards the earth, there will be enhancement of D-region ionization which results in greater absorption of radio waves. If the flare is large enough, the whole of the HF spectrum can be rendered unusable for a period of time. Therefore, absorption of D-region information is important for radio communication.

20 II. Flare 20 Januari 2005 SNR Flux X-ray From Dyah R.M., 2009

21 Ionospheric Scintillation effect on GPS position No Scintillation Scintillation (S4) about 6 PRN Single Frequency GPS errors during scintillation occur Asnawi & Buldan 2006

22 Ionospheric precursors of earthquke Aceh, December 26, 2004 Figure. Daily Diurnal variation of TEC on December 2004 Buldan, 2009

23 Spatial variation of TEC diurnal variation amplitudes Buldan, 2009

24 Ionospheric precursor of earthquake Precursor of large earthquakes (> 7) has been able to appeared with the spatial analysis of daily diurnal variation anomalies of ionospheric GPS TEC derived from GPS data. The Ionospheric anomalies have also been used to verify the model of earthquake preparation zone model that initially derived from the elastic deformation of the earth's crust. Verification results show that for the precursor of earthquakes in Indonesia and around that are detected, the large earthquakes estimated from the ionosphere TEC data are generally larger than the observation data. Buldan M, 2009

25 The future ionospheric observation and research in LAPAN High spatial resolution of TEC GPS data over Indonesia : intregation of all GPS observation network in Indonesia. Real time ionospheric data from ionosonde, GPS and radar observation by upgrading the bandwidth of data communication Real time and automatic prediction of ionosphere over Indonesia using model (MSILRI, ASAPS, IRI) and data Near real time ionospheric irregularity information for mitigation of GPS application and detection of tsunami and earthquake Improve the accuration of ionospheric prediction

26 Conclussions Long term (climatological) regional ionospheric models have been developed for monthly HF communication prediction over Indonesia and it can be developed for short term ionospheric prediction by updating the monthly model using real time ionospheric data Alternatively we use global ionospheric model (Australian ASAPS model) for short term prediction but using the local ionospheric T index as an input and it need increasing spatial resolution of real time ionospheric observation using GPS data from ground based (CGPS), space based (GPS occultation) observation and GRBR network. High spatial ionospheric observation will be used to clarify the ionospheric precursor in Indonesia We will upgrade the bandwidth of data communication for real time ionospheric observation We will enhance cooperation with other institutions both nationally and internationally to accelerate the development of ionospheric monitoring system and ionospheric research in LAPAN

27 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION