Analysis of Grid Connected DFIG based Wind Farms for Reactive Power Compensation

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1 Anlyi of Gid Connected DFIG bed Wind F fo Rectie Powe Copention S.Jnthnn Aitnt Pofeo, Deptent of EEE, AMET Unieity, Chenni, Til Ndu, Indi Abtct The popol of thi poject ddee the ectie powe genetion of offhoe wind pk uing double fed induction geneto (DFIG) connected to the in gid with long cble. Duing tedy tte opetion, ectie powe cn be geneted with iniu powe lo of wind enegy yte while eeting the gid code equieent. Duing gid ditubnce, the wind powe geneto he to poide oltge uppot by inceing ectie cuent upply. DFIG e the chine of choice fo lge wind tubine. The doubly fed induction geneto yte i inetigted ible ltentie to djut peed oe wide nge while keeping cot of the powe conete inil. Decoupled contol of ctie nd ectie powe cn be elized uing the dynic odel of the DFIG. The odeling nd contol of DFIG nd the iultion w done in MATLAB Siulink enionent nd the eult e eified. Keywod Double fed induction geneto, Wind tubine, Gid fult, Rectie powe genetion. E I. INTRODUCTION lecticl powe cn be ltentiely geneted by enewble enegy. Thee e iou enewble enegy ouce ilble nd one of the well dnced ouce i wind enegy lo coonly ued fo geneting electicl powe. Wind enegy i coneted into electicl powe uing wind tubine (WT) nd it cn be opeted t eithe fixed (o) ible peed. The geneted of the fixed nd ible peed wind tubine e contolled by electicl gid nd powe electonic equipent epectiely. The Vible peed wind tubine e ot coonly ued becue it h chcteitic of noie eduction, ctie nd ectie powe contol nd eduction of echnicl [8]. In ecent ye, fo lge wind tubine double-fed induction geneto e otly ued by indutie. Doublefed induction geneto h the dntge of hndling fction (20-30%) of the totl powe by it powe electonic equipent, which de it ey popul. In diect-dien ynchonou geneto the powe electonic equipent h to hndle the totl yte powe o the loe in it powe electonic equipent cn be highe thn the double- fed induction geneto. Fig.1. Wind tubine bed DFIG. So, the in objectie of thi ppe i To tudy ectie powe pefonce of the DFIG unde tedy tte nd tnient condition. DFIG opetion fo ible peed nd it coeponding cpcity towd the ectie powe contol. In thi ppe peent el nd ectie powe contol of DFIG duing nol nd fulty condition. Integtion of wind enegy into exiting powe yte led to iou powe qulity poble. Duing gid fult DFIG cn ble to inject ectie powe to the gid. II. DOUBLE FED INDUCTION GENERATOR The A tndd double fed induction geneto conit of wound oto induction chine nd IGBT-bed PWM conete. The tto nd oto winding of the doubly fed induction geneto i connected to the 50Hz gid though AC/DC/AC coneto connected to oto winding nd DC/AC conete connected to gid i clled gid ide coneto. The in ppliction of double-fed induction geneto (DFIG) i the high-powe wind ppliction. DFIG h n dntge of contol oto cuent flow which led to two in function nely ectie powe contol nd ible peed opetion. By thi fetued it cn wok t the wide nge of the wind peed with xiu efficiency. The AC/DC/AC coneion i nolly PWM coneto, which educe the honic, peent in the wind tubine dien DFIG yte uing inuoidl PWM technique. Hee C oto epeent oto ide coneto nd C gid epeent gid ide coneto. The peed of the wind tubine cn be contolled by electonic contol (o) ge boxe. Pge 198

2 The in chcteitic e -- Liited opeting peed nge (30% to 20%). -- Sll cle powe electonic conete (educed powe loe nd pice). -- Actie powe nd ectie powe contol exchnged with gid. -- Need fo lip-ing. --Need fo gebox (nolly thee-tge one). III. DYNAMIC MODELING OF THE DFIG The copct et of odel diffeentil eqution epeent the dynic odeling of DFIG. The dynic odeling cn be iulted uing copute bed oftwe nd the infotion del with chine ible e poided. Fig.1 epeent the iplified odel of DFIM with thee winding tto nd thee winding oto which epeent the el chine. By thi the equilent cicuit odel cn be deied nd the following eqution epeent the intntneou tto oltge, cuent nd fluxe of the chine epectiely. t Ri 1 b b Rib 2 c c Ric 3 whee R i the tto eitnce; i (t), i b (t), nd i c (t) epeent the, b, c phe of tto cuent, (t), b (t), nd c( t) epeent the oltge pplied fo tto, nd c (t), c b (t), nd c c (t) denote the tto fluxe. whee R epeent the oto eitnce efeed to tto, i (t), i b (t) nd i c (t) epeent the tto efeed oto cuent of phe, b, c; (t), b (t) nd c (t) denote the tto efeed oto oltge, nd (t), b (t) nd c (t) indicte the oto fluxe. Roto gnitude he contnt ngul fequency when it opete unde tedy tte condition. The tto nd oto ngul fequency cn be elted follow, p 7 8 A. Synchonouly Rotting Refeence Fe The odel of the DFIM i epeented by the diffeentil eqution which i deied by uing the pce ecto nottion inthe ynchonou efeence fe. The following eqution (9) nd (10) epeent the tto nd oto oltge eqution Ri j (9) Ri j (10) (11) In thee eqution, the upecipt indicte the pce ecto efeed to ynchonouly otting fe. L i L i (12) L i L i (13) Fig.2. DFIG electic equilent cicuit. Siilly, the gnitude of oto e b c R i R i b R i c 4 b t 5 c 6 Unde the tedy tte condition, when the inuoidl oltge e upplied thee will be contnt lue of dq coponent of the oltge, cuent, nd fluxe. Thi i contt to the αβ coponent tht e inuoidl gnitude. Fig.3. Dynic d e xi cicuit. Pge 199

3 Fig.4. Dynic q e xi cicuit. Fig.3 nd Fig.4 epeent the dq equilent cicuit odel of the DFIG, in ynchonou coodinte. The powe expeion in the dq efeence fe nd the αβ eqution e equilent 3 3 P Re. i did qiq (14) 3 3 P Re. i did qiq (15) 3 3 Q Re. i qid diq (16) 3 3 Q Re. i qid diq (17) The toque eqution i gien, 3 L 3 L. Te P I i P qid diq (18) 2 L 2 L IV. DOUBLY FED INDUCTION GENERATOR UNDER FAULT The tto oltge nd flux tt down to zeo when the 3- phe fult occu. The oltge dop e depend upon the loction of the fult. Then the oto cuent incee led to intin the flux linkge within the oto winding contnt. In thi ce, the two fcto nely chnge in the tto flux nd chnge in oto injected oltge deteine the incee in the oto cuent uddenly fte fult in the DFIG. A. Behio ieditely fte the fult When the fult occu ieditely thee i dop of oltge t the DFIG geneto teinl which cue the decee of tto nd oto flux of the geneto. The decee in the tto flux led to the elee of gnetiztion which toed in the gnetic field nd it denoted in Fig.9, by the ectie powe pek in the oent of fult [6], [7]. High cuent tnient will ppe in the tto nd oto winding t the tie of fult. Incee in the oto cuent cn be copented the oto ide conete incee the oto oltge efeence, which led to the uh of powe fo the oto teinl though conete. In the nothe ide, fte the fult intnt gid oltge h dopped, nd the tnfotion of the whole powe fo the oto though the conete futhe to the gid cnnot done by the gid ide nd the contol of the dc-oltge by the gid ide coneto quickly eche it liittion. Finlly, the dc-oltge ie pidly becue of chging the dc-bu cpcito when ddition enegy goe into it. B. Behio of fult clence At the tie of fult, the oto peed h been incee the eduction n the tto oltge nd oto flux nd the chnge in injected oto oltge. The fult i cleed. Ieditely, the tto oltge i etoed, nd the incee in the tto nd oto cuent occu when the degnetized tto nd oto oppoe thi chnge in flux [8]. V. SIMULATION RESULTS A. Doubly fed induction geneto unde nol condition Fig.5. Double Fed Induction Geneto unde Nol Condition. Fig.5 epeent the iultion odel of DFIG unde nol condition. A 9MW wind f coniting of ix 1.5MW wind tubine connected to 25k ditibution yte expot powe to 120k gid though 30k, 25k feede. Wind tubine ue DFIG coniting of wound oto induction geneto nd Ac/Dc/Ac/ IGBT be PWM conete. () Fig.6. Rel nd Rectie powe of DFIG. Pge 200

4 Duing nol condition el nd ectie powe doe not chnge co the gid. The el powe i intin contnt t 1.87MWnd ectie powe i M hown in Fig 6. Roto nd wind peed of DFIG unde nol condition hown in Fig 8. The oto peed i intined contnt pu nd wind peed ie fte 5. The initil peed i et t 8/ nd finl peed i 14/. B. Double Fed Induction Geneto unde Fult Condition () Fig.9. Double Fed Induction Geneto unde Fult Condition. Fig.9 epeent the iultion odel of DFIG unde fult condition. A 9MW wind f coniting of ix 1.5MW wind tubine connected to 25k ditibution yte. In thi 3- phe fult will be connected co 25 k tniion line. And et the intenl contol tie 5. (c) Fig.7. Voltge, Cuent nd Dc link oltge of DFIG. Siilly, unde nol condition DFIG will be intined contnt oltge nd cuent. Dc link oltge intin contnt t 1200V hown in Fig7. () () Fig.10. Rel nd Rectie powe of DFIG. Duing fult condition el powe decee MW to -0.5 nd Rectie powe decee M to -3.11M co the gid up to 5 to 5.15/ peiod. In tht tie DFIG inject 8.61M ectie powe to the gid hown in fig10. Afte the fult peiod the powe will be etun to nol opetion. The fult clence tie i fte 5.15/. Fig.8. Roto nd Wind peed of DFIG. () Pge 201

C. DFIG fo Vible Speed S.No Wind Speed Pete Fult 1. Rel Powe Rectie Powe 2.624 MW -0.3576 M Roto Speed 0.8945 pu 2. Rel Powe Rectie Powe 2.005 MW -0.2626M 3. 12/ Roto Speed Rel Powe Rectie Powe 0.

5 C. DFIG fo Vible Speed S.No Wind Speed Pete Fult 1. Rel Powe Rectie Powe MW M Roto Speed pu 2. Rel Powe Rectie Powe MW M 3. 12/ Roto Speed Rel Powe Rectie Powe pu 2.001MW M Roto Speed pu Tble.1. Output uy of DFIG fo ible peed VI. CONCLUSION (c) Fig.11. Voltge, Cuent nd Dc link oltge of DFIG. Duing fult condition oltge decee 1.001pu to 0 nd cuent uddenly incee to co the gid up to 5 to 5.15/ peiod. Siilly dc link oltge lo incee. In tht tie DFIG inject 8.61M ectie powe to the gid. Afte the fult peiod it will be etun to nol opetion. The fult clence tie i fte 5.15/ hown in fig11. In thi ppe h peented the odeling nd iultion of wind tubine dien doubly fed induction geneto which feed to powe to the utility gid. DFIG odel h been decibed bed on the dynic ppoch nd thi odel cn be pplicble fo ll type of induction geneto configution fo tedy tte nd tnient nlyi. Duing gid fult condition oltge tbility poble will occu co the gid. To oecoe thi oltge tbility poble DFIG ble to djut ectie powe to the gid. And if the wind peed ie it doe not ffect the geneto powe nd the injection oltge will be e unde fult peiod REFERENCES () Fig.12. Roto nd Wind peed of DFIG. Roto nd wind peed of DFIG unde fult condition hown in fig 12. The oto peed i decee to pu nd etun to nol opetion fte the fult clence tie. Wind peed i ie fte 5. The initil peed i et t 8/ nd finl peed i 14/. [1]. A. H. Ke, E. F. E1-Sdny, H. H. E1-Tly, nd M. A. A. Whb, A new fult ide though ttegy fo doubly fed wind-powe induction geneto, in Poc. IEEE Elect. Powe Conf., Cnd, 2007, pp [2]. J. Lopez, P. Snchi, X. Robo, nd L. Moyo, Dynic behio odeling of the doubly fed induction geneto duing thee-phe oltge dip, IEEE Tn. Enegy Cone., ol. 22, no. 3, pp , Sep [3]. O. Abdel-Bqi nd A. Nii, A dynic LVRT olution fo doubly fed induction geneto, IEEE Tn. Powe Electon., ol. 25, no. 1, pp , Jn [4]. J. A. Suul, M. Molin, nd T. Undelnd, STATCOM bed indiect toque contol of induction chine duing oltge ecoey fte gid fult, IEEE Tn. Powe electon. ol. 25, no. 5, pp , My [5]. J. B. Eknyke, L. Holdwoth, X. G. Wu, nd N. Jenkin, Dynic odeling of doubly fed induction geneto wind tubine, IEEE Tn. powe Syt., ol. 18, no. 2, pp , My [6]. J.Moen nd S.W. H. de Hn, Ride though of wind tubine with doubly-fed induction geneto duing oltge dip, IEEE Tn. Enegy Cone., ol. 20, no. 2, pp , Jun [7]. M. Kyikei nd J. Milnoic, Rectie powe contol ttegie fo DFIG-bed plnt, IEEE Tn. Enegy Cone., ol. 22, no. 2, pp , Jun [8]. C. Eienhut, F. Kug, C. Sch, nd B. Klockl, Wind-tubine odel fo yte iultion ne cut-in-peed, IEEE Tn. Enegy cone., ol. 22, no.2, pp , Jun Pge 202

Dynamic Analysis of three Voltage Source Power Converters supplying Squirrel Cage Induction Machines

Dynamic Analysis of three Voltage Source Power Converters supplying Squirrel Cage Induction Machines ntentionl Confeence on Powe Syte Tnient PST 2003 in New Olen, USA Dynic Anlyi of thee Voltge Souce Powe Convete upplying Squiel Cge nduction Mchine F.D. Knello, N.D. Htzigyiou Dept. of Electicl nd Copute