AGRISAR Airborne SAR & Optics Campaigns for an improved monitoring of agri. processes & practices

Transcription

1 AGRISAR Airborne SAR & Optics Campaigns for an improved monitoring of agri. processes & practices Irena Hajnsek & AGRISAR Team (124 participants), German Aerospace Center Folie 1 irena.hajnsek@dlr.de

2 AGRISAR Campaign Objectives The AGRISAR 2006 campaign aimed to collect in-situ, airborne SAR and optical measurements, as well as satellite data in support of decisions being taken on satellite instrument configurations for the first Sentinel Missions. In addition it aims to provide an important database for the study of longer term mission concepts. To assess the impact of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 sensors and mission characteristics for land applications (land use mapping, parameter retrieval); To provide a basis for quantitative assessment of sensor or mission tradeoff studies, e.g. spatial and radiometric resolution, revisit time; To simulate Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 image products over the land; To define user and system requirements for the Sentinel-3 sensor. Folie 2

3 AGRISAR Campaign Requirements Main campaign requirements: Joint data acquisition (ground / airborne (optical - SAR) measurements) Data collection over a whole vegetation growth period Frequency of data collection similar to the planned Sentinel missions Airborne sensor specifications: C-band data acquisition & Sentinel-1 simulation (DLR s E-SAR) Hyperspectral data acquisition & Sentinel-2 simulation (ITRES CASI) Thermal Infrared data acquisition & Sentinel-3 simulation (INTA AHS) Folie 3

4 Selected Test Site for AGRISAR: Demmin N/E Germany Criteria for the selection of the Demmin Test Site: Long history of parameter collection (validation of RS algorithms: soil and vegetation sampling) Ongoing own research activities at DLR well-established co-operation with local farmers Representative for mid-european agricultural sites Big field sizes (up to 10ha) 10 agro-meterological stations Folie 4

5 North-East/ South-West East/West Folie 5

6 Data Acquisition Ground and Airborne Data Topic Month Mai June July Aug. Days IN-SITU DLR-DFD/ ZALF/GEO X X X X X X X X X X X X Uni of Kiel X X X X X X X X X X X Uni of Valencia X X X Uni Naples X X Uni. Berlin X X Uni. Alicante X X ITC X ISSIA X X Uni Ghent X X X TUD X X LMU X X X FSU X X AIRBORNE DLR-HR/FB (E-SAR) 3x X X X X 2x X X 2x X X X INTA/ITRES (AHS/CASI) X X Folie 6

7 Summary Ground Activities Crop Type Wheat 9 Rape 6 Barely 3 Corn 1 Sugar beet 2 Total 21 Field No. Continuous Campaign: Type Param. Samples Soil Vege Total Intensive Campaigns (three): Type Param. Samples Soil Vege Total fields investigated for the land use map Folie 7

8 Measured Ground Parameters Measured soil parameter: Soil structure (organic matter, soil texture, lime content, soil colour) Soil hydraulic parameters Soil moisture (TDR, gravimetrically, fieldspectro., soil moisture station) Surface Roughness (Laser, photogrammetry) Soil Moisture Station (field 250) Laser-Profiler (field 102) DLR-DFD, ZALF, Geo-Inf, Uni-Kiel, FSU, LHWM, ISSIA, DTU, Uni Alicante, Uni Valencia, LMU, Unina Folie 8

9 Measured Ground Parameters Measured vegetation parameter: Leaf pigments Biomass (dry matter, plant water content) LAI Chlorophyll Phenology Vege. parameter (vege. height, crop density, row distance, crop coverage (photo),) (field 222) DLR-DFD, ZALF, Geo-Inf, Uni-Kiel, FSU, LHWM, ISSIA, DTU, Uni Alicante, Uni Valencia, LMU, Unina Folie 9

10 Atmospheric Data Acquisition (during 2nd & 3rd IC.) Sunphotometer (Uni Valencia): Continous measurements (three month) Aureole Sunphotometer FUBISS (FUB): Measurements through the week for the 2nd and 3rd IC Radiosounding (DWD): Measurements before the 2nd and 3rd IC Sunphotometer Radiosounding Folie 10

11 Ground Radiometric Measurements (during 2nd & 3rd IC.) 3 x ASD Field spectrometer (Uni Valencia, FSU, Unina) Measurements through the week for the 2nd and 3rd IC Calibration & field measurements Thermal Infrared (Uni Valencia) Measurements through the week for the 2nd and 3rd IC Several instruments available Thermal Infrared (field 222) ASD (Farmhouse) Folie 11

12 Atmospheric Data Acquisition (during 2nd & 3rd IC.) Bowen-Ratio Station (LHWM): Bowen-Ratio (field 250) Continuous measurements (3.5 month) Scintillometer (LAS) (ITC): Measurements available from the 3rd IC Goniometer (LAS) (ITC): Measurements available from the 3rd IC Goniometer (field 102) LAS (field 250) Folie 12

13 CR for (differential) Extinction Measurements Crop type Field CR s Initial growth stage Maize Almost bare soil, 5-10 cm high Wheat Green, cm high Rape Mature, > 1.5 m high 10 CR s deployed in 3 different fields (Uni Alicante) Different growth stages Oriented to the radar Deployed on 6 June (2nd intensive campaign) Recovered on 11 July (before harvest, after 3rd campaign) Corn field Rape field Corn field Wheat field Folie 13

14 Ground Campaign Summarised in Acquisition Matrix: Data Acquisition Report crop winter wheat winter barley winter rape sugar beet maize (silo) grass land field # date 1st Intensive Campaign at 3 locations: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, crop coverage (estimate d), vegetation height, photos, biomass (wet and dry), LAI, chlorophyl l, phenology, shoots per m, ZALF/DL R, TDR, Uni Gent at 3 locations: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, vegetatio nheight, photos, biomass (wet and dry), phenolog y, plants per m2 / shoots per m, UNI Kiel, TDR, Uni Gent surface rouhne ss measur ements with a laser profiler of ESA, ISSIA, TDR, Uni Gent at 3 locations : soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, vegetati on height, photos, biomass (wet and dry), phenolo gy, plants per m2 / shoots per m; at 2 loc.: surface roughne ss (photogr ammetri c), UNI Kiel at 3 locations: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, crop coverage (estimated ), vegetation height, photos, biomass (wet and dry), LAI, chlorophyl l, phenology, shoots per m, ZALF/DL R at 3 locations : soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, vegetatio nheight, photos, biomass (wet and dry), phenolo gy, plants per m2 / shoots per m, surface roughne ss (photogr ammetric ), UNI Kiel at 3 location s: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, crop coverag e (estimat ed), vegetati on height, photos, biomass (wet and dry), LAI, chloroph yll, phenolo gy, plants per m2, ZALF/D LR at 3 locations : soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, surface roughne ss (photogr ammetri c)uni Kiel surface rouhnes s measure ments with a laser profiler of ESA, ISSIA, TDR, Uni Gent at 3 locations: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, crop coverage (estimate d), vegetation height, photos, DLR surface roughnes s (photogra mmetric), UNI Kiel surface rouhness measure ments with a laser profiler of ESA, ISSIA at 3 locations: soil moisture 0-5cm and 5-10cm, crop coverage (estimate d), vegetatio nheight, photos, DLR Folie 14

15 AIRBORNE DATA ACQUISITION Radar Data Acquisition (DLR-HR): 16 flights during four month with around 100 GB of data acquired AHS (INTA): 4 flights (6th & 10th June 4th & 5th July 2006) Data available with different resolutions CASI (ITRES): 4 flights (6th & 10th June 4th & 5th July 2006) +1 bundle adjustment flight over Neubrandenburg (6th July) INTA & ITRES & DLR Team Folie 15

16 Acquired E-SAR Data for AGRISAR 02/08/ 26/07/ 12/07/ 06/07/ 05/07/ 21/06/ 14/06/ 08/06/ 07/06/ 24/05/ 16/05/ 10/05/ 03/05/ 20/04/ 19/04/ Optional: 1. Pseudo quad C-band is also available! 2. Two exemplary Sentinel-1 simulated data sets are available! Folie 16

17 Acquired Optical Data for AGRISAR DATE FLIGHT LINE FILE TRUE HEADING TIME UTC REMARKS 1st Optical Campaign 2006-JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P : JUNE-06 CASI-P2 N/A : JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-06 AHS-P : JUNE-07 AHS-P : JUNE-10 AHS-P : JUNE-10 AHS-P : JUNE-10 AHS-P : JUNE-10 AHS-P : JUNE-10 AHS-P :13 AHS image not available for this line 1.Optical Campaign: 7 flight lines from CASI 13 flight lines from AHS 2006-JUNE-10 AHS-P Microwaves 09:25 and Radar Institute Folie 17

18 Acquired Optical Data for AGRISAR DATE FLIGHT LINE FILE TRUE HEADING TIME UTC REMARKS 2nd Optical Flight Campaign 2006-JULY-04 AHS-P : JULY-04 AHS-P : JULY-04 AHS-P : JULY-04 AHS-P3 N/A : JULY-04 AHS-P :35 reflight 2006-JULY-04 CASI-P : JULY-04 CASI-P : JULY-04 CASI-P :12 2.Optical Campaign: 14 flight lines from CASI 11 flight lines from AHS 2006-JULY-04 CASI-P : JULY-04 CASI-P : JULY-04 CASI-P : JULY-04 AHS-P : JULY-04 AHS-P : JULY-05 AHS-P : JULY-05 AHS-P : JULY-05 AHS-P : JULY-05 AHS-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P : JULY-05 CASI-P :30 Folie 18

19 Modifications of E-SAR Processing Parameters for Sentinel-1 Simulation (Different Polarimetric Combination) Interferometric Wide Swath(**) Stripmap slant range(*) azimuth slant range(*) azimuth Resolution (SLC) PSLR NESZ DTAR 2.5 m 20 m 2.5 m 5 m 25 db (with spectral weighting function) -22 db (insertion of additional noise as function of off-nadir) -22 db (modification of presumming filter) (*) corresponds to 5m ground 30 deg incidence angle (**) simulated IWS data were distributed to AGRISAR partners for the last 2 intensive campaigns Folie 19

20 ESAR vs SENTINEL-1 Pol Mode Simulation (IWS) Pauli RGB Image Sentinel Wide-swath mode Resolution: Gr-Range: 5m Azimuth: 20m NESZ: -22dB ESAR Resolution: Gr-Range: 3m Azimuth: 0.75m NESZ: -28dB Folie 20

21 SENTINEL-1 Dual-Pol Mode Simulation: Tx=H (IWS) Pauli RGB Image HH VH Alpha (2-Dim) Entropy (2-Dim) Folie 21

22 SENTINEL-1 Dual-Pol Mode Simulation: Tx=V (IWS) Pauli RGB Image VV HV Alpha (2-Dim) Entropy (2-Dim) Folie 22

23 Image Example: Sentinel-1 Simulation (RGB=HV-HH-HH) E-SAR standard (8 looks) Sentinel-1 stripmap (4 looks) Sentinel-1 IWS (4 looks) Folie 23

24 Image Example: Sentinel-1 Simulation (RGB=HV-HH-HH) E-SAR standard (8 azimuth looks) Sentinel-1 stripmap (4 azimuth looks) Sentinel-1 IWS (4 range looks) Folie 24

25 Available Satellite Data Radar Data: ALOS-PalSAR L-band Satellite (no quad pol scenes, perhaps some dual pol!) ENVISAT-ASAR C-band Satellite (65 scenes available) Optical Data: ENVISAT-MERIS (168 scenes available) CHRIS (2 scenes available) Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (2 scenes available) ATS (38 morning & 40 evening) Folie 25

26 Ground Data: AGRISAR ftp site Radar Data: DLR-EOWEB ftp site (all data available) Optical Data: AGRISAR ftp site AGRISAR: Data Access Folie 26

27 AGRISAR: Data Evaluation Matrix TEAM/ Param Sentinel Sim Metho dology Biophysical products Advanced Products Land use classes Biom LAI mv ks Vege. struct DLR-HR X X X DLR-DFD chloro Energy budg (LST, etc.) s-w balance DTU X X FSU X X FUB ISSIA X X X ITC X X LHWM LMU Uni Ali Uni Kiel Unina X X X Uni Val GCU X X Uni Val RSU X X X X X Uni Val SRU WUR INTA ITRES X X X X X X X X Folie 27

28 Soil Moisture Station Bowen-Ratio Station Pre-Campaign Meeting Laser-Profiler Folie 28

29 Acknowledgement to the AGRISAR Team INTA 06/06/06 Folie 29