ROBOTIC AIRCRAFT FOR PUBLIC SAFETY (RAPS) OVERVIEW. Kirk Kloeppel 25 June 2014

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1 ROBOTIC AIRCRAFT FOR PUBLIC SAFETY (RAPS) OVERVIEW Kirk Kloeppel 25 June 2014

2 UAS or DRONE 2

3 Introduction RAPS Purpose To provide potential users (public, first responder organizations and others) with information needed to make informed decisions on acquiring and deploying SUAS to save lives and protect property RAPS testing focuses on fire response, search and rescue operations, HAZMAT response, border security, natural disasters, and law enforcement RAPS provides a unique Consumer Reports data base; our products are unbiased, third-party evaluations of current and emerging SUAS technologies Impact RAPS directly benefits Users and manufacturers FAA by making important contributions toward establishing performance standards and best-practice guidelines 3

Approach Evaluate performance and utility of

4 Approach Evaluate performance and utility of mature, DODdeveloped SUAS-sensor combinations using: Key capability measures One test ours applied uniformly to all systems evaluated Realistic operational scenarios and environments Test reports produced for each system tested 4

Scope Test categories Scripted operational scenarios

Technical scope Daytime testing, < 400 ft, < 25 lb RAMPS:

partnership to test SUAS for maritime applications New/future

5 Scope Test categories Scripted operational scenarios Operational utility assessments Use in National Airspace System Technical scope Daytime testing, < 400 ft, < 25 lb RAMPS: Robotic Aircraft for Maritime Public Safety New S&T-USCG RDC partnership to test SUAS for maritime applications New/future capabilities Onboard collision avoidance; counter-spoofing; severe storm response 5

Test Reports Reports Created by S&T RAPS team for users

Websites and access Gov t employees & gov t-sponsored

gov S&T Communities of Practice site, https://communities.

6 Test Reports Reports Created by S&T RAPS team for users Approved for release by DHS S&T Posted and archived online Websites and access Gov t employees & gov t-sponsored stakeholders access RAPS Reports via S&T Communities of Practice site, RAPS Community of Practice site Access controlled by S&T & RAPS PM 6

Rating Summaries To facilitate SUAS comparisons, each Report contains

categories: A1. Law Enforcement; A2. Search and Rescue; A3.

Operation in NAS Above: Sample Rating summary information Performance

7 Rating Summaries To facilitate SUAS comparisons, each Report contains Rating Summaries of results in our 54 Performance Measures in 5 Assessment categories: A1. Law Enforcement; A2. Search and Rescue; A3. Fire Response; A4. Operational Utility; A5. Operation in NAS Above: Sample Rating summary information Performance Measure (PM) Unit, Rating (bar-graph), T & O markers Qual., Quant. Rating Scoring Keys for Qualitative and Quantitative Ratings 7

Lessons Learned No one platform performs well in all scenarios Fixed-wing aircraft: Very good in search and rescue (SAR), fire monitoring Some fixed wing SUAS

arson scene investigation, and in SWAT Hover ability is very beneficial Some systems are relatively quiet, providing stealth, and can perch Up to 50-min

8 Lessons Learned No one platform performs well in all scenarios Fixed-wing aircraft: Very good in search and rescue (SAR), fire monitoring Some fixed wing SUAS need operating areas > 200 ft radius Launch and recovery zones Deep stall landings affected by winds Rotary-winged aircraft: Perform well in crime, accident, and arson scene investigation, and in SWAT Hover ability is very beneficial Some systems are relatively quiet, providing stealth, and can perch Up to 50-min endurance was tested/verified winds are not a limiting factor (flying in winds up to 30 mph) In winds, maintain commanded flight profiles better than fixed wing aircraft 8

9 Lessons Learned, cont d Essential capabilities for effective, high-use operations: Integrated EO and IR sensors on a stabilized, gimbaled platform SAR aided by ability to switch between two modes to validate Targets of Interest (TOI) Dual sensors are valuable in urban scenarios where shadows are prevalent Geo-referenced EO and IR full motion video Needed for chain of custody and TOI location accuracy Collision avoidance: For some systems, the best way to avoid oncoming traffic may be to initiate immediate landing but climb and descend speeds may not be sufficient to avoid collision Other findings: Quiet systems developed by DOD may need audible augmentation during SAR The fuel cell SUAS we tested is a significant new capability: > 8 hr endurance Note to potential users: It requires > 12 min for warm-up prior to launch 9

10 Future Outlook Cycle 1, FY Range selection; advocacy Define program scope and set key partnerships RFI; Test Plan; contracting Stand up: Processes to work with manufacturers, create and disseminate reports Liaison to DHS privacy working group Conduct 19 flight test weeks Analyze and disseminate results from Cycle 1 testing Cycle 2, FY New RFI; new Test Plan Expanded test scope (goals): Fire/HAZMAT/disaster, SAR response Specialized SUAS sensors Larger, more complex operational scenarios Counter-spoofing and antijamming capabilities Airworthiness Severe storm response pilot RAMPS new start: Maritime testing, USCG RDC-led collaboration Transition Plan for future funding and management structure 10

11 Project Office, Web Links RAPS Project Support Officer: Mr. Kevin Spence: (202) RAPS and related Web Links: is a public-access DHS S&T website Government employees and government-sponsored stakeholders interested in RAPS may request access to the RAPS Test Reports via which is the gateway to access S&T s First Responder Communities of Practice site, which is the gateway to the RAPS Community of Practice site. Access is controlled by DHS S&T and the RAPS Program Manager. RAPS Request for information (RFI), released September 24, 2012: RAPS Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA), approved Nov. 16, 2012, was the first such document addressing unmanned aircraft ever published anywhere in the world: raps_nov2012.pdf 11

13 SUAS Performance Goals Common Requirements: Threshold Objective Lost Link Procedures Rally Point Rally Point, after time return to launch Airframe Accumulated Flight Time > 200 hr (rotary); > 500 hr (fixed) > 400 hr (rotary); > 1,000 hr (fixed) Sensors Electro-optical and infrared Chemical/biological/radiological Sensors (EO/IR) Fixed Gimbaled Laser Designation None Laser spotter integrated Training (operator) One week One day Deployment Bungee/catapult launch Hand launched Recovery Line/net capture Deep stall/hover Assembly < 5 min < 1 min Ready to launch (after assembly) < 5 min < 1 min Mean time between lost link > 100 hr flight time > 250 hr flight time Airworthiness Operator s Manual Provide written Operator s Manual Provide written Operator s Manual Airworthiness Maintenance Manual Provide written Maintenance Manual Provide written Maintenance Manual Weight (MTO) < 25 pounds < 25 pounds Rotary-winged UAS: Threshold Objective Endurance 30 min 1 hr Range 0.25 mi 1 mi Speed (dash) 10 mph 30 mph Speed (endurance) 0 mph 20 mph Altitude 400 ft AGL 1000 ft AGL Service Ceiling 6,000 ft MSL 10,000 ft MSL Acoustic signature (400 ft AGL) 70 dba 40 dba Fixed-winged UAS: Threshold Objective Endurance 30 min 2 hr Range 1 mi 3 mi Speed (dash) 20 mph 40 mph Speed (endurance) 15 mph 30 mph Altitude 400 ft AGL 1000 ft AGL Service Ceiling 6,000 ft MSL 10,000 ft MSL Acoustic signature (400 ft AGL) 70 dba 40 dba 13

14 RAPS STEERING GROUP Dr. John Appleby, Chair Mr. Bob Griffin, Director Mr. Jonathan Cantor Ms. Tamara Kessler, Chief (Act.) Mr. John Priddy, Director Capt Doug Nash, Chief Mr. Chris Vaughan Mr. Jim Williams, Director Mr. David Morton Mr. Steve Pansky Dr. Steve McKeever Mr. Eric Meyn, Director Chief Robert Doke Chief Jon Hansen LTC Jon Greenhaw Mr. Mike O Shea Cmdr Bob Osborne (ret.) Chief Donald Shinnamon, Sr. (ret.) Mr. Andy Lacher DHS S&T HSARPA DHS S&T First Responder Group DHS Chief Privacy Officer (Act.) DHS Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties DHS Customs and Border Protection (CBP)/ Air Operations DHS U.S. Coast Guard/ Office of Aviation Forces DHS Federal Emergency Management Admin./ Geospatial Management Office Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)/ UAS Integration Office FAA/ UAS Integration Office, Aviation Safety Inspector FAA/ UAS Integration Office, Senior ATC Analyst Oklahoma State Univ./ VP for Science &Technol. Transfer; UML/ Executive Director University Multispectral Laboratories (UML)/ Unmanned Systems Division Oklahoma State Fire Marshall Director, Oklahoma Council On Firefighter Training (COFT) Oklahoma National Guard Department of Justice/ Office of Justice Programs Los Angeles County Sheriff s Department Public Safety Aviation Consultant MITRE Corporation/ UAS Integration Research Strategist 14

15 PRIVACY 15

Using Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Communications Support

A NPSTC Public Safety Communications Report Using Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Communications Support NPSTC Technology and Broadband Committee Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Robotics Working Group National