Sentinel-3: Current Status 1 year before Launch

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1 Sentinel-3: Current Status 1 year before Launch C. Donlon Sentinel-3 Mission Scientist

2 Overview Sentinel-3 Satellite Sentinel-3 Ground Segment Products Summary

Sentinel-3: The Copernicus Medium Resolution Ocean and Land Mission Main satellite characteristics 1250 kg maximal mass Volume in 3.89 m x 2.202 m x 2.

3 Sentinel-3: The Copernicus Medium Resolution Ocean and Land Mission Main satellite characteristics 1250 kg maximal mass Volume in 3.89 m x m x m Average power consumption of 1100 W Large cold face for optical instruments thermal control Modular accommodation for a simplified management of industrial interfaces 7.5 years lifetime (fuel for 5 add. Years) Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer Microwave Radiometer Ocean and Land Colour Instrument GPS X-band Antenna DORIS Antenna Launch S3A 2015 Launch S3B 18 months later Observation: 1 ground contact per orbit 3h delivery timeliness (from satellite sensing) Laser retroreflector S-band Antenna SAR Radar Altimeter

4 Sentinel-3

5 GCOS ECV T S OS OST OS S3 ECV Impact: Atmosphere Impact =6/11 (54%) OS = S3 capability O = OLCI S = SLSTR T = Topography (MWR, SRAL, POD) 5

6 S3 ECV Impact: Ocean S ST T OST O GCOS ECV & S3:Ocean Impact =5/6 (83%) = S3 capability O = OLCI S = SLSTR T = Topography (MWR, SRAL, POD) 6

7 7 OST OS OS OST OS OS O O OS T S S3 ECV Impact: Terrestrial Impact =11/12 (92%) = S3 capability O = OLCI S = SLSTR T = Topography (MWR, SRAL, POD)

Sentinel-3A Satellite Status Platform readiness Intermediate Satellite Qualification Review successfully completed => Environmental test campaign released Sentinel-3A AIT progressing: Full satellite

8 Sentinel-3A Satellite Status Platform readiness Intermediate Satellite Qualification Review successfully completed => Environmental test campaign released Sentinel-3A AIT progressing: Full satellite and payload integrated since early July Payload readiness SRAL PFM integrated on satellite, tests on-going. MWR PFM integrated on satellite, no open issues SLSTR PFM integrated on satellite, tests on-going. SLSTR FM2 sub-system tests on-going (LOS, BB), instrument integration plan leads to calibration in Q Integration (swap) of FM at satellite level in March OLCI PFM integrated on satellite; investigation of thermal issues affecting 1 camera on PFM detected during Tvac tests Camera will be swap for a camera allocated to FM2. Launch: Current launch window June-Sept 2015, depending on export license clearance from US State Department for launch from Russia Sentinel-3A predicted FAR Board date is 2nd half of July 2015, resulting in an earliest possible Launch Date 2 months later, 2nd half of September 2015 Sentinel-3A in TAS Cannes test facilities in July 2015 (Credit: TAS) 8

Sentinel-3B Satellite Status Sentinel-3B satellite: Assembly Integration and Testing (AIT) has started as well with mechanical integration of Topography Payload.

9 Sentinel-3B Satellite Status Sentinel-3B satellite: Assembly Integration and Testing (AIT) has started as well with mechanical integration of Topography Payload. The platform units are mechanically and electrically integrated. SMU recently re-delivered for completing the Platform IST. DORIS and LRR are mechanically integrated. SRAL FM2: is now being integrated into the satellite. MWR FM2: delivered to TAS and awaiting integration OLCI-FM2: instrument ready in December SLSTR FM1: start of PFM refurbishment no earlier than March 2015 Sentinel-3B Final Acceptance Review is predicted at the end of 2016, corresponding to an earliest Launch date of end 1st quarter Sentinel-3B also in TAS Cannes ready for AIT (Credit: TAS)

10 POD Instruments - status GNSS receiver/antenna integration Doris receiver mounted on a satellite panel (right) and Doris antenna and LRR (top) mounted on the spacecraft 1 0

11 SRAL: Technical Status The Sentinel-3A Satellite Thales Alenia Space in Cannes, France, with the Topography Payload installed

mechanical integration into the spacecraft.

12 Instruments SRAL status! SRAL PFM development is complete and the instrument is currently under mechanical integration into the spacecraft. SRAL PFM mechanical integration in the satellite Final functional tests in Toulouse, with antenna provisionally connected in front of the RF wall EGSE 1 2

13 SRAL calibration and characterisation Key parameters to characterize the SRAL altimeter instrument performances are: Range Impulse response: Low Pass Filter: Range noise Some other parameters will require in-flight validation, this will be done during commissioning: Antenna pointing accuracy, antenna pattern Range Absolute bias At SWH = 2m, the altimeter range noise is estimated to 0.7 cm rms. Better than LRM mode since the number of averaged pulses is greater in SAR mode (256 instead of 84 within a tracking cycle)

SRAL Impulse Response Impulse Response function (CAL-1) Ku-band/SAR-mode/Nominal chain Impulse Response ( Ku Band ) mode : SAR I,Q 0 Side lobe threshold Ideal side lobes IR Ideal IR 5 10 C-band Range

14 SRAL Impulse Response Impulse Response function (CAL-1) Ku-band/SAR-mode/Nominal chain Impulse Response ( Ku Band ) mode : SAR I,Q 0 Side lobe threshold Ideal side lobes IR Ideal IR 5 10 C-band Range Impulse Response Normalized level (db) Impulse Response ( Ku Band ) mode : SAR I,Q 0 Side lobe threshold Ideal side lobes IR Ideal IR Frequency (khz) Normalized level (db) very close to theoretical sinc function Frequency (khz)

15 SRAL PFM Instrument Azimuth Impulse Response ->First Side Lobe is at db below the IR peak ->3dB resolution is 298 meters

16 SRAL PFM performance Receive chain amplitude response (CAL-2) Average (db) Average, Ku Band No spurious spikes Average, Ku Band Zoom (db) Frequency (khz) Ripple within specifications and as expected 1 6

17 SRAL Tracking performance m Altitude variation (Initial altitude : m) Scenario altitude Altimeter altitude command green: altitude variation of the test scenario red: SRAL PFM tracking window position Time (s) Altitude difference m Altitude difference blue: altitude difference Time (s) Tracking performance (noise/lag) as expected

vibrations, thermal vacuum (TB/TV), Instrument performance calibration in

18 Instruments MWR status! MWR PFM test campaign in IABG completed end of August, including mechanical vibrations, thermal vacuum (TB/TV), Instrument performance calibration in vacuum MWR PFM & cold loads entering the vacuum chamber MWR PFM being prepared for calibration with the installation of cold loads 1 8

19 MWR vibration tests 1 9

20 MWR Performance Sensitivity/Accuracy Stability Allan STD GHz 23.8 GHz (Earth observation) NO BLK 10-1 K 116 K K Earth observation (I) samples 36.5 GHz (Earth observation) NO BLK Time (s) Allan STD GHz Earth observation (I) samples Accuracy: Ta - Temp Target (Earth observation) K GHz 36.5 GHz 10-2 K Earth observation (I) samples Time (s) Typical test conditions/results: Receiver temperature: 25 C Target temp. (uncorrected): 76.9 / C Allan variance is decreasing for the complete measurement period showing an extremely high stability of the MWR electronics and the target temperature. 2 0

21 Sentinel-3A E1 Commissioning Phase planning Estimated no earlier than Sept 2015 Estimated no earlier than March 2016

Sentinel-3 ground segment ALL FACILITIES SUPPORTING S-3 GROUND SEGMENT ACTIVITIES ARE ESTABLISHED Stations: Data Acquisition and Near Real Time Product Generation: Data downlink, data processing (NRT

22 Sentinel-3 ground segment ALL FACILITIES SUPPORTING S-3 GROUND SEGMENT ACTIVITIES ARE ESTABLISHED Stations: Data Acquisition and Near Real Time Product Generation: Data downlink, data processing (NRT and offline) For Sentinel-3: Svalbard CDB Infoterra UK Farnborough CLS Brest CLS Toulouse Indra Madrid CDB Archive and Offline Processing Centre Mission Performance Centre (MC) CDB CDB Eumetsat Darmstadt CDB CDB ACRI Nice DLR CDB Oberpfaffenhofen Processing and Archiving Centres (PAC): perform the Sentinels systematic non-timecritical data processing, on-the-fly processing for specific cases and reprocessing following algorithm/calibration parameters upgrades. For Sentinel-3: Archiving and offline processing centres DLR for OLCI processing and archiving CLS for SRAL processing and archiving ACRI for SLSTR and S-3 synergy products processing and archiving EUMETSAT s marine centre acts as PAC for marine products. Missions Performance Centres (MPC): Operational Quality Control, Expert Support Laboratories (ESL), Calibration and Validation For Sentinel-3: consortium led by ACRI

23 Sentinel-3 Product Timeliness (Example for SRAL) T0 Sensing time 3 h 2-3 d ~30 d ~every 1-2 y time NRT products Ocean forecasting, Meteorology, Oceanography STC products Operational Ocean, Ocean forecasting, Oceanography NTC products Climatology, Oceanography, Data exploitation NRT: Near Real time STC: Slow Time Critical NTC: Non time Critical Reprocessing Campaign (only NTC products)

24 Op#cal'Sensor:'Level'2'Products' 'High'Level''' Op#cal'Sensors'Sen#nel.3'User'Products'' OLCI PRODUCTS OLCI & SLSTR SYNERGY PRODUCTS SLSTR PRODUCTS L 2 FR Land L 2 FR Water L 2 RR Land L 2 RR Water L 2 SYN L 2 VGT _ P L 2 VGT _ S 1 L 2 VGT _ S 10 L 2 Land L 2 Water OL _ 2 _ LFR OL _ 2 _ WFR OL _ 2 _ LRR OL _ 2 _ WRR SY _ 2 _ SYN SY _ 2 _ VGP SY _ 2 _ VG 1 SY _ 2 _ V 10 SL _ 2 _ LST SL _ 2 _ WST VEGETATION - LIKE PRODUCTS L 1 FR L 1 RR L 1 OL _ 1 _ EFR OL _ 1 _ ERR SL _ 1 _ RBT L 2 Marine Products L 2 Land products L 1 Products

25 SRAL: Changed observation scenario to 100% SAR Original operational baseline: split between LRM and SAR mode Late 2012: Request by the Copernicus user community to extend usage of SAR mode for the S-3 SRAL instrument up to 100% of Earth coverage. 100% SAR mode SAR mode over land, sea ice and coastal areas Low Resolution Mode (LRM) over open ocean Note: LRM shall be kept as a back-up to reduce operational risks and to allow a possible switch to the LRM scenario if necessary

26 SRAL: Changed observation scenario to 100% SAR S-3A: First mission to provide 100% SAR altimetry coverage BUT: SAR technology is new and complex " Further work required to understand all in-orbit conditions and emerging processing approaches. NEW S3 SAR L1A products will be produced and made available to users. Expected advantages of L1A: Foster a new generation of SAR altimetry specialists maintaining Europe at the competitive edge Enhance maintenance and development of existing and new products over the Earth surface (ocean, ice and land) within Copernicus Enhance uptake, application, and quality control (e.g. transponder calibration) of SRAL SAR data products by the Copernicus user community Reduce large-scale reprocessing efforts (because starting from intermediate L1 products rather than from L0) ESA Presentation DD/MM/YYYY Slide 26 Product Level L1A L1B-S L1B Product Description Unpacked L0 data processed to engineering parameters with geo-location information Geo-located, Calibrated gathered azimuth formed complex (I and Q) power echoes after slant/doppler range correction Geo-located, Calibrated Multilooked power waveforms Relevance for Fundamental studies on SAR processing such as Doppler beam formation and calibration studies using ground-based Transponders Geophysical retrieval algorithm developers (over ocean, land and ice surfaces), surface characterisations studies (e.g. impact of sea state bias, wave directional effects etc) and QC systems geophysical retrieval algorithm developers and QC systems ESA UNCLASSIFIED For Official Use

SENTINEL-3: NEW PRODUCTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT FRP and AOD Request from EC for two new operational products # Fire Radiative Power FRP in core product list FRP at 1 km (pixel level) Accuracy: goal 10%,

27 SENTINEL-3: NEW PRODUCTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT FRP and AOD Request from EC for two new operational products # Fire Radiative Power FRP in core product list FRP at 1 km (pixel level) Accuracy: goal 10%, threshold 30% Threshold Detection: Goal 5MW, threshold 50 MW NRT (< 3 h) # Aerosol (Global) Global Aerosol in core product list Aerosol at pixel level (goal) Accuracy: goal AOD 0.1 over land, AOD 0.05 over ocean NRT (< 3 h) AOD 550 nm over ocean and land (goal) Include uncertainties at pixel level (goal)

28 The Sentinel-3 Mission Performance Centre: Operational Quality Control International Cooperation Payload Data Ground Segment Expert Support Laboratories (ESL) Quality Working Groups (QWG) ESA/EUM expertise ESA/EUM Op. QC Validation& Analysis Mission Performance Framework Coordination Potential Sentinel-3 user involvement DB External/ complementary Sentinel-3 Validation Teams

29 CSC'Data'Access:'Interac#on'with'Users' Opening'of'dissemina.on'of' all's1a'products'to'all'users' on'the'3 rd 'October'2014' Copernicus'Space'Component' Data'Access'Portal' ' Copernicus' Services' 'Access' Scien#fic'/'Other' Access'Hub' Collabora#ve' Access'Hub' Interna#onal' Agreements' Access'Hub' October(2014(

30 Data'Access' 'An'Engineering'View' CSC(GS( Data(Access( Copernicus' Services' 'Access'' Scien#fic'/' Other' Access' Interna#onal' Agreements' Access' MSs' Collabora#ve' Access' Funded+and+Operated+by++ int.+partners++ Funded+and+Operated+ by+mss+ Copernicus( Services( Mirrors( Mirrors(( Int l Access (Inc(local(sta@on)( Na@onal(Mirrors(( (Inc(local(sta@on)( Na@onal(Mirrors(( Na#onal' (Inc(local(sta@on)( Access'' Scien@fic/(Other(( users( e.g.(scien@fic,(commercial(( outreach,(general(public( Interna@onal( users( MSs(CollGS(Users( e.g.(public,(scien@fic,( commercial( ESA(funded(R&D( projects( 30(

31 Summary Sentinel-3A is a mission well-tuned to make a significant contribution to the GCOS ECV The S3A Satellite Assembly Integration and Testing (AIT) is proceeding well. Launch of the S3A-unit is anticipated in late 2015 Sentinel-3B satellite is starting integration with a launch anticipated in 2016/17. Ground segment development in full development New L1 products for Altimetry and optical sensors are in preparation. The ESA CCI programme is well poised to take full advantage of early Sentinel-3 data.

Thank you - any questions? For more information http://www.esa.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.

32 Thank you - any questions? For more information See Donlon et al (2012) The GMES Sentinel-3 Mission, Remote Sensing of Environment, and the Mission Requirements Traceability Document (MRTD) at Contact: craig.donlon@esa.int

Copernicus S3 Product Notice Altimetry

Copernicus S3 Product Notice Altimetry Mission Sensor Product S3 SRAL / MWR LAND L2 NRT, STC and NTC Product Notice ID S3A.PN-STM-L2L.08 Issue/Rev Date 14-Feb-2019 20-Mar-2019 Version 1.1 Preparation This