Apollo Fiber. Apollo Photonics provides three powerful units that are available individually or as a complete Fiber Suite

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Gwenda Caldwell
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Optical Grating Solver for Bragg Gratings) FOGS-LG (Fiber Optical

1 Apollo Fiber Apollo Photonics provides three powerful units that are available individually or as a complete Fiber Suite FOGS-BG (Fiber Optical Grating Solver for Bragg Gratings) FOGS-LG (Fiber Optical Grating Solver for Long-Period Gratings) FOMS (Fiber Optical Mode Solver)

2 Fiber Optical Grating Simulator for Long-period Gratings (FOGS-LG) FOGS-LG is designed to model and simulate fiber optical devices based on long-period or transmission gratings. It has a powerful fiber mode solver and accurate matrix solutions to provide well-established coupledmode equations. It allows computeraided design and analysis of a variety of long-period or transmission grating-based fiber devices, such as gain equalizers, spontaneous noise filters, wavelength filters/ demultiplexers and sensors. FOGS-LG For an optical fiber with an arbitrary radial index profile, the fiber module can calculate the modal characteristics of the guided and the cladding modes. Also, for a given radial photosensitivity profile, it calculates the normalized field overlap integrals for guided-guided and guided-cladding mode couplings. The effects of asymmetric angular distribution of the photo-induced index change as well as the tilted/slanted gratings on these field overlaps have been taken into account. The modules of chirp, apodization and phase-shift deal with the preset functional distributions or user-provided data of gratingperiod/dc index, coupling coefficient, and phase-shifts along the fiber. FOGS-LG KEY FEATURES: Allows for arbitrary optical fiber calculations including the possibility of arbitrary refractive index profiles, which can include the jacket with a higher refractive index as well as material loss and gain. It can also consider material and waveguide dispersion, which can be defined by a linear function, values at multiple wavelengths, a refractive index, a group index at a given wavelength, or the Sellmeier formula. Provides an accurate numerical method for fiber mode calculations, which can include the following: Calculation of both guided and cladding modes of the optical fiber Calculation of the scalar LP modes and the vector modes and evaluation of the polarization dependence Evaluation of guided-guided and guided-cladding couplings for an arbitrary photosensitivity profile and angular distribution represented by the first three Fourier components Consideration of the effects of tilted/slanted gratings Includes arbitrary chirp including: Grating periods and/or DC index changes along the fiber as defined by either analytical functions or userprovided spreadsheet data Consideration of the chirp-induced peak wavelength shifts Decomposition of the chirp into multisections Allows for arbitrary apodization including: Distribution of the UV-induced periodic AC index change for guided modes as defined by either analytical functions or user-provided spreadsheet data Consideration of apodization-induced chirp of the DC index and the corresponding peak wavelength shifts Decomposition of the apodization function into multi-sections Provides fixed or stochastic phase-shift Calculates equally or unequally spaced arbitrary multiple phase-shifts along the fiber Considers both deterministic and stochastic phase-shifts (e.g. effects of the stitching errors inherent in the phase masks) Includes powerful simulation engine featuring the following: Choice of an efficient analytical method based on two-mode and multi-mode coupling as well as an accurate numerical method for simulation Calculation of transmission spectrum and phase for given fiber parameters, chirp, apodization and phase-shifts Simulation of coupling between guided and cladding modes in regular and slanted gratings Provides for material loss and gain The lossy fiber jacket with higher refractive index can be easily handled by complex refractive indices. Complex mode calculations will be performed and the loss and gain of each mode can be calculated. Offers polarization dependence The polarization dependence due to tilted/slanted gratings due to circularly non-symmetric photosensitivity profiles is considered by calculating the vector mode of optical fiber.

$Having a wide range of features, designers can analyze and design devices with complicated refractive index profiles.$ FOMS software provides a variety of built-in fiber simulations for customers to use as a design reference including standard fibers; dispersion-shifted fibers; dispersionflattened fibers;

FOMS software provides a variety of built-in fiber simulations for customers to use as a design reference including standard fibers; dispersion-shifted fibers; dispersionflattened fibers;

The parameter scanning capability enables the designer to scan fiber parameters that vary in defined ranges to find the optimal fiber design.

optical fibers. FOMS FOMS KEY FEATURES: Simulates common fiber characteristics such as cut-off wavelength, dispersion curves and optical field distribution.

3 Fiber Optical Mode Solver (FOMS) FOMS is an advanced and easy to use computer-aided simulation tool for the design and analysis of optical fibers and fiber devices for a variety of applications. Having a wide range of features, designers can analyze and design devices with complicated refractive index profiles. FOMS software provides a variety of built-in fiber simulations for customers to use as a design reference including standard fibers; dispersion-shifted fibers; dispersionflattened fibers; dispersioncompensating fibers; and large-effective-core-area fibers. The parameter scanning capability enables the designer to scan fiber parameters that vary in defined ranges to find the optimal fiber design. By utilizing the capabilities of FOMS, users are able to perform an array of tasks with great ease, efficiency and accuracy when analyzing and designing of standard fibers and a variety of special optical fibers. FOMS FOMS KEY FEATURES: Simulates common fiber characteristics such as cut-off wavelength, dispersion curves and optical field distribution. Allows for the simulation of fiber characteristics including mode indices, group delays, fiber dispersions and dispersion slopes of guided and cladding modes. Parameter scanning can be performed on all of the above simulations. Material dispersion can be described by pre-defined functions, user-defined functions, tables and data files. Shows mode field patterns and fieldrelated parameters such as spot-sizes and effective core areas. Provides cut-off wavelengths of any chosen guided modes. Calculates Overlap integral between optical field and photosensitivity profile. Calculates the grating period for long and Bragg gratings. Allows for macro/micro-bending losses and splicing loss. Provides easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) to describe the fiber parameters and perform simulations. The GUI also provides a wide range of tools to view simulation and parameter scanning results, such as Group Delay, Dispersion (chromatic, material and waveguide), Dispersion slope and Universal dispersion curves for the calculated modes.

4 Fiber Optical Grating Simulator for Bragg Gratings (FOGS-BG) FOGS-BG is a powerful and userfriendly computer-aided simulation and optimization tool for the design and analysis of optical fiber devices based on Bragg gratings. FOGS-BG software can perform simulation to find spectral properties of a grating device; parameter scanning to enable users to optimize the grating performance by varying a parameter in a defined range; parameter extraction, which is the solution of the Gel Fand-Levitan-Marchenko (GLM) equation; and extraction of the grating information and optimization allowing users to vary multiple pre-defined parameters and simultaneously achieve the targeted performance. FOGS-BG FOGS-BG KEY FEATURES: Provides simulation and parameter scanning of grating structures using analytical function, spreadsheet data or data files. Variables include: Chirp or spacing changes within a particular grating (must be customer specified) Apodization or changes in the amplitude or intensity of the gratings (must be customer specified) Phase-shift, which is caused by the difference in spacing between gratings (optional feature) Detuning or the average refractive index change due to strain or thermal effect (optional feature). Allows for parameter extraction of a grating structure given the amplitude and phase of the reflection spectrum by solving GLM coupled equations. Offers simultaneous optimization of multiple grating parameters to achieve the target spectrum performance. Includes a wide range of calculations such as: Fiber performance based on an arbitrary radial index profile (step index, graded index or measured index) and material dispersion described by pre-defined functions, user-defined functions, tables and data files Short-wavelength spectral losses due to coupling between cladding mode Automatic cancellation of apodization induced chirp and impulse response Key fiber characteristics such as cutoff wavelength, dispersion curves, modal size parameters, transmission and reflection spectra, group time delay and dispersion Multiple mode coupling and tilted/slanted gratings Both numerical and analytic calculations of coupled-mode equations Allows for a wide range of structures and applications including: Sensor applications such as temperature/strain induced wavelength tuning/detuning Arbitrary radial photo-sensitivity profile and circular asymmetry of the UV exposure Bragg gratings on planar waveguides Provides three ways to enter fiber/waveguide modal parameters: Input from FOMS, which enables users to use calculated results of FOMS. Input from OWMS, which gives users the access to the modal parameters of our general waveguide mode solver OWMS. User-defined allows users to input their own modal data.

Apollo Photonics Customer List Apollo s international customer base encompasses some of the best-known commercial and academic names within the photonics industry: 3M ADC Telecommunications Alcatel

Georgia Institute of Technology JDS Uniphase Corporation Jet Propulsion Laboratory Kwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Korea Lucent Technologies Inc. MIT Lincoln Lab.

6 Apollo Photonics Customer List Apollo s international customer base encompasses some of the best-known commercial and academic names within the photonics industry: 3M ADC Telecommunications Alcatel CRC, France Corning Incorporated Corvis Corporation E-TEK Dynamics, Inc. Fujitsu Components Semiconductor Inc. Hitachi Cables, Ltd. Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. Furukawa Electric Company Ltd. Georgia Institute of Technology JDS Uniphase Corporation Jet Propulsion Laboratory Kwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Korea Lucent Technologies Inc. MIT Lincoln Lab. Mitel Corporation National Research Council Canada NEC Corporation, Opto-basic Research Laboratory Nortel Networks NTT Opto-Electronics Labs Photonics Research Ontario, Canada POLOTECNICO DI TORINO, Italy Optical Fiber Technology Center, Australia Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, United Kingdom Qtera Corporation Sumitomo Electric U.S.A., Inc. Tel Aviv University, Israel Tyco Submarine System Ltd. Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille, France University of Hong Kong Wuhan Telecommunications Device Co., China Apollo Photonics Inc Skyview Drive Burlington, ON. L7P 5B1 CANADA Phone: Fax:

Bragg and fiber gratings. Mikko Saarinen

Bragg and fiber gratings. Mikko Saarinen Bragg and fiber gratings Mikko Saarinen 27.10.2009 Bragg grating - Bragg gratings are periodic perturbations in the propagating medium, usually periodic variation of the refractive index - like diffraction