R&D ASTROPHYSICS LABORATOIRE SPECTRO-IMAGEURS SPATIAUX SPACE IMAGING-SPECTROMETER LAB MAY 12, 2016 CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 1

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1 R&D ASTROPHYSICS LABORATOIRE SPECTRO-IMAGEURS SPATIAUX SPACE IMAGING-SPECTROMETER LAB IRFU Scientific Committee Olivier Limousin Sercvice d Astrophysique - LSIS MAY 12, 2016 CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 1

2 ORGANIZATION AT CEA DRF IRFU Astrophysics, High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics and associated instrumentations Institute SIS SACM SEDI SPP SPhN SAp (System Engineering Department ) (Detectors, Computing, Electronics Department) (Astrophysics & space instrumentation) Astrophysics Space instrumentation 5 other labs STREAM LSIS 4 other space labs Detector R&D and Front-End Electronics Lab Detector R&D in X, gamma, IR & sub mm ranges CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 2

3 R&D ACTORS R&D task force LSIS, Space Imaging Spectrometer Lab : 12 permanent staff LISIS, Interface Science-instruments Lab : 2 permanent staff Post docs or non permanent positions : 3 PHD students, coming soon Apprentice, 1 Unfortunately Limited number of technicians Retirement of people will shortly reduce the team CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 3

4 R&D AT SAP Our job is to create imaging spectrometers for astrophysics in space Pixel detector chains from Far Infra-red to gamma-rays Spectrometer function into the pixels and the front-end electronics or front-end optics Develop Complex systems for space applications, and related test benches Model our detectors, Publish and patent our work Promote our technologies into space programs, always trying to keep our skills synchronized with main science questions and trying to find money These tasks requires a wide field of knowledge from basic material research to advanced space systems CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 4

5 SICENTIFIC ACTIVITY: 4 MAIN TARGETS SAFARI Sub mm CMOS-MCT NIR and LWIR range X-Ray Micro-calorimeters X and γ-ray semiconductors CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 5

6 R&D APPROACH Realization of devices at different level of maturity: from innovation to flight Development time frame is 10 to 15 years R&D targets are jointly agreed with main science, skill and history Low Maturity developments / basic material properties, characterizations, frontend electronics and cryo-electronics, system in pixels Medium maturity developments / design and realization of prototypes including full-functional detector chains, assembly and process, specific test benches, prequalification activities High maturity developments / complex systems and technological demonstrators and space qualified devices When applicable, transfer to other fields of applications CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 6

7 A R&D LAB IN ITS ENVIRONMENT Our labs are connected to Space Instrumentation labs at SAp, for R&D as well as space mission programs Astrophysics laboratories at SAp all technical divisions inside Irfu (Sédi, SIS mainly) Technological actors at CEA (LETI, LIST, INAC, PTA ) French labs (IRAP, CSNSM, IAS, APC, institut Néel, LPN ) Industry (3D plus, Acrorad, HighTec, Trad, Systrel, Sofradir ) Our labs are connected worlwide Main Space agencies (CNES, ESA, JAXA, NASA, ROSCOMOS) Many prestigious labs world wide (ISAS, SSL, MPE, INAF, PSI, ) CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 7

8 SUB-MM RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Heritage Herschel / PACS (Space) ARTEMIS (Ground) Pilot (Balloon experiment) Recent achievements Sub-kelvin bolometers based on MIS technology Spiral structure to create mm and sub-mm range bolometers sensitive to polarization into the pixel Sensitivity improvement by a factor of 100 with respect to PACS R&T LabEx FOCUS CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 8

9 SUB-MM RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Prospect New structure for imaging-spectroscopy New concept for sub-mm range (50 to 350 µm) Energy resolution E/ΔE = 500 to 1000 Spectroscopic capability may be associated with polarization capability and imaging Herschel-type array Impact BiBoP, a proposed variant of SAFARI, a sub-mm range instrument for SPICA (M5 ESA call) BiBoP hosts 4 bolometers arrays in 4 different wavelength ranges in a single focal plane bringing imaging-polarimetry to SPICA antireflection coating airgap 16x16 array antireflection coating airgap 16x16 array CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 9

10 IR RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Recent achievements Fine characterization of electro-optical performances of IR detectors NIR spectral range ( µm) ü ü ü Characterization of ESA Euclid-like specs for low flux and low noise NIR detectors Characterization of high temperature NIR detectors (200K) Ultra low dark current measurements pixels (1E-21 Amps Zepto Amps) LWIR spectral range ( µm) Ultra low dark current measurements in ECHO pixels (1E-17 Amps) CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 10

11 IR RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Prospect Contribute the strategic development of a European industrial capability for the procurement of IR detectors for space and astronomy applications both in NIR and MWIR/LWIR ranges Propose European IR detectors for space and ground based observatories (VLT, ELT ) Technologies based on HgCdTe absorbers on CMOS readout chips Development of large format (2K x 2K pixels), low flux, low noise NIR detectors. Impact Large collaboration with LETI, LABEX FOCUS and SOFRADIR Contribution to focal plane studies for ARIEL, M4 candidate (exo-planet observatory) 4 ESA ITT won + 1 proposal coming up soon 4 CNES programs won CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 11

12 X-RAY RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Heritage and Goal Design, manufacture and operate a a fine pitch, large array (4096 pixels) X-ray imaging spectrometer with ultra high energy resolution (2 ev FWHM at 6 kev) Heritage of MIS technology from PACS 4 32x32 DRIE matrices Recent achievements Successful MIS resistive sensors Successful manufacturing of sensor arrays with DRIE full scale Successful routing of the output signals Superconducting flex Cryogenic micro electronics for amplification and multiplexing First signal coming up 4 32x32 Outputs Signals CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 12

13 HARD X-RAY RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Prospect 1)#Liquid#Helium#Tests#&#Valida3on# 2x17#HEMTs#+#CryoCom1#+#CryoCanal1# 2)#CryoElectronics+#Detectors# 3)#CryoElectronics#on#Flex# Idem#1)#+#2x17#HEMTs+CryoCom1#on#Flex# 4)#CryoElec.#on#Flex+#Detectors# 5)#Quadrant#Valida3on# Idem#3)#+#upto#1024#pixels## 6)#New#parallelizable#Board#(2#CryoCanal1#per#board)#+#4#flex#for#a#32x32#read#pixels#matrix# Impact ESA ITT won on superconducting interconnections Contribution to X-IFU for the event processing electronics CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 13

14 HARD X-RAY RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Heritage INTEGRAL, Caliste technology, Solar Orbiter/ STIX Recent achievements Caliste-HD (1.2 kev 250 kev, 625 µm pitch) Development of a new Caliste design for fine pitch CdTe based imaging spectrometer (300 µm) and high resolution First light yesterday! CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 14

15 HARD X-RAY RANGE DEVELOPMENTS Prospect Build Caliste-MC2 Development of Caliste-MM, a gazeous X-ray polarimeter based a contact free design 22 mm 22 mm Impact Solar Orbiter STIX Solar Physics opportunities Astro-H contribution ORIGAMIX valorization project 3D integration Modular approach pixels, 300 µm pitch CdTe, Flip chipped to a mosaic of 4 ASIC D 2 R 2 Stacked to a Fully parallel high speed A/D converter OWB-1 Filter stage CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 15

16 CONCLUSION - PROJECT Towards more advanced detector systems X-ray microcalorimeter, Focal plane demonstrator Spectrometric bolometers in the sub-mm and mm range Ultra-high sensitvity bolometers CdTe on chip R&D and 3D integration Large surface Si strip detectors (UnivearthS) Polarimetric detectors,. New in-pixel functions (M-CDS, ADC ) MCT IR/MIR detectors CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 16

17 THANKS! 8 kev photo electron track into Caliste-MM gazeous detector readout by Caliste electronics without electrical contact. PhD Thesis Paul Serrano Sap/SEDI CEA MAY 12, 2016 PAGE 17

18 PAGE 18 CEA MAY 12, 2016 Commissariat à l énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Centre de Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex T. +33 (0) F. +33 (0) DSM Irfu Service d Astrophysique Etablissement public à caractère industriel et commercial RCS Paris B