The CNES French Space Agency Planetary Program Low cost perspectives

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1 The CNES French Space Agency Planetary Program Low cost perspectives Pierre W. Bousquet Senior expert in Planetology, Exploration and Microgravity

2 Outline of the talk ChemCam Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech Instrumentation Small landers / rovers Flight Dynamics around small bodies Cubesats Mars scientific roadmap 2

3 Instrumentation LIBS Next Sunday : 5 th anniversary of IRAP s ChemCam activation on Curiosity, > laser shots AEGIS target selection - Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech After laser diode failed on sol 801, new autofocus by on-board image sharpness analysis Since May 2016, support to JPL s AEGIS, autonomous identification of targets SuperCam - enhancement for Mars 2020, adds Raman & IR spectrometer SuperCam Mast Unit Credit:IRAP MiniLIBS Conceptual studies 3

4 5 years of intense operations at FIMOC At every operation night 2-3 ChemCam Operators (9 total) 3 permanent rooms dedicated to MSL Ops 3-4 ChemCam Scientists (16 total) Ops Means checked every sol (3 total) 3-4 SAM operators/ scientists (7 total) 4

5 Credit ESA / Rosetta / Philae / CIVA Instrumentation micro cameras Set of 7 CIVA ultra-miniaturised CCD cameras provided by IAS on Philae, re-used on Phobos-Grunt and on ChemCam Credit - Team Indus Credit 3DPlus CASPEX (Color Cmos Camera for Space Exploration), new generation developed by 3DPlus - 35x35x27 mm, 2048 * 2048 pixel Procured by CNES to Team Indus for Moon rover Navigation, and used as SuperCam RMI 5

6 Credit - CNES Instrumentation image processing Extensive experience with on board image processing through computer vision for Rover Autonomous Navigation Reconstitution of Philae s descent through mapping of ROLIS images on comet DTM Extensive experience with image compression Credit ESA - Team / Rosetta Indus/ Philae / ROLIS => Optimisation of small mission operations (autonomous target choice, on board image processing and selection, compression, ) 6

7 MicrOmega Funct. block diagram and ExoMars QM Credit IAS Instrumentation infrared spectro imagers MicrOmega, developed by IAS, Hyperspectral infrared microscope for in situ mineralogic analysis, flown on Phobos-Grunt, Hayabusa 2 / Mascot, and prepared for ExoMars pasteur payload Mass ~ 2 kg, Spectral range mm Evolution of concept for remote sensing => MacrOmega hyper-spectral imager selected for JAXA s MMW mission 7

8 Instrumentation Gas chromatography LATMOS & LISA have provided the gas chromatograph of SAM GC => 1 st time detection of organic materials in a Mars sample GC of MOMA (Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer) is being prepared for Exomars Pasteur PL MOMA GC QSM - Credit LISA On going R&D on miniaturised Chromatograph based on MEMS technology 8

9 Instrumentation COSMORBITRAP High Resolute Mass Spectrometer cell based on ORBITRAP Technology Expected Resolution: > and > Mission target: In-situ analysis or exospheric sounding Pulsed HV 2500 to 3000V Selected for AROMA (Advanced Resolution Organic Molecule Analyzer) by GSFC R&D Aim = TRL5 by the end

10 Link Budget with Hayabusa Small landers / rovers CNES has developed: The power sub-system & proximity link for Philae, in partnership with DLR and ASI The power sub-system, the Com antennae & the link budget responsibility for Mascot, in partnership with DLR The feasibility of a small rover for MMX is currently on going Contributions to Mascot credit CNES 10

11 Flight Dynamics around small bodies CNES responsible for : the mission analysis and localisation of the descent of Philae Mascot Mission Analysis, descent trajectory and bouncing, nominal + dispersion Mascot descent mission analysis & Ryugu shape model credit CNES CNES will support JAXA for the flight dynamics analysis of MMX around Phobos and for its descent 11

12 Cubesats Decision this year to develop with the NEXEYA firm the LEO demonstrator ANGELS (for Argos Neo on a Generic Economical and Light Satellite). Launch planned in AIM is to structure a national nanosatellite ecosystem for satellites < 50 Kg Sup Aéro s proposed SeisCube with a geophysical instrument package including seismometer, accelerometers, gravimeter and a radio transceiver Several conceptual studies at CNES, in French labs & Universities for deep space applications 12

13 Mars scientific roadmap French Mars scientists have formulated a new roadmap in Miniaturisation and cost reduction have been identified as essential assets to enable ground-braking scientific observatories such as: Geophysics and meteorological surface networks, Orbital networks sensing the influence of the solar wind on the magnetosphere, Surface networks for a regional characterisation of radiation fluxes, Drones and agile rovers to increase the density of in-situ measurements for surface science and exobiology. 13

14 Conclusions CNES and the French planetology community have a strong heritage over a wide range of miniaturised instruments suitable for small Deep Space missions, both for surface and remote sensing. Know-how built on Philae & Mascot for small-body missions will be re-invested in MMX. CNES has decided a strong partnership with private industry this year to boost-up cubesat development. Mars, small bodies and icy moons are seen as the most promising targets for nanosat size missions. EPIC - Europa Plume Investigation by Cubesat proposed by IRAP to Joint Europa Mission 14

15 Thank you for your attention 15