Once Explorers, Always Explorers Europe s Space Exploration Vision

Transcription

1 Once Explorers, Always Explorers Europe s Space Exploration Vision The European Space Exploration Envelope Programme David Parker Director - Human and Robotic Exploration ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use

2 Sustaining a great heritage into the future? ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 2

3 Sweden exploring the Solar System Esrange SMART-1 ExoMars Astronaut Christer Fuglesang ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 3

4 is Strategy-Driven focused on solar system destinations where humans will someday live and work. Global Exploration Strategy Framework Document, 2007 ESA Scientific Programme bottom-up + mandatory competitive mission selection among proposals from science community ESA Exploration Programme top-down + optional step-wise with goal of extending human reach to Mars surface ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 4

5 Why Explore? New knowledge Challenge driven innovation Inspiration Motivation Education Global partners The Global Exploration Roadmap, January 2018 Slide 5

6 Earth Diameter 12,742km Gravity 1g ESA/Rosetta/MPS for OSIRIS team Moon Diameter 3,474km Gravity 0.17g Matt Wedel Mars Diameter 6,779km Gravity 0.38g ESA/Rosetta/MPS for OSIRIS team Slide 6

7 Europe s exploration programme today Europe aboard the ISS World-class science in space Propulsion & power for first 2 Orion missions First Mars life-search rover Taking Europe to lunar surface Preparing tomorrow s missions Increased synergy between robotic and human exploration Slide 7

8 E3P Future Mission Roadmap Integration of Human and Robotic Capabilities International & Commercial Partnerships Integration of Space Exploration with Society Innovation for Operations in Space ISS ISS Extension/CMSA /Commercial LEO Exploitation of LEO Platforms Orion ESM Luna Resource Orion Evolution + Lunar Gateway Cooperative mission campaign increasing synergy Early Human Missions BLEO Future Lunar Exploration ExoMars Mars Sample Return Future Mars Exploration Slide 8

9 E3P Period 2 and Beyond: Once Explorers, Always Explorers ExPeRT CS#1: LEO CS#4: Mars Sample Return SciSpacE CS#2: Humans BLEO CS#3: Lunar Surface Slide 9

10 The International Space Station An international laboratory for research and innovation ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 10

11 E3P Supports UN Sustainable Development Goals AstroPlant AstroPlant: Contributing to e.g. quality education and fighting the habits of consumption EML: Development of improved industrial alloys MELiSSA: Waste water treatment technology EML MELiSSA ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 11

12 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 12

13 Cornerstone #2: Forward to the Moon

14 Orion Europe powering the next human missions to deep space ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 14

15 The Lunar Gateway By 2025, humanity s most remote research base Near rectinlinear halo orbit around the Moon Unique new science opportunities in a unique environment e.g. for space radiation, space plasma physics, human research ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 15

16 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide

17 Gateway Elements/Modules ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 17

18 Gateway Assembly Sequence ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 18

19 ESA Roles in the Gateway NASA-ESA Umbrella Understanding signed 12 April 2018 I-HAB ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 19

20 Lunar Exploration and Cornerstone #3 A science-driven robotic lunar exploration campaign and A step towards human lunar exploration achieve strong scientific return advance key exploration technology exploit the Gateway when available prepare for human exploration ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 20

21 Science identified by the community The bombardment history of the inner solar system The structure and composition of the lunar interior The diversity of lunar crustal rocks Volatiles at the lunar poles Volcanism Impact processes and Regolith processes Atmospheric and dust environment Life sciences and astrobiology Fundamental physics Low frequency Radio Astronomy Space resource utilisation ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 21

22 Towards the Use of Lunar Resources 3-5 July o 270 participants from diverse sectors o Space Resources strategy in preparation focussing on lunar resources and their role in the future programme o RFI on Mission Services, technology and science payloads for an ISRU mission closed in early July o 117 submissions, 68 entities, 24 countries o Informing ISRU mission preparation ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 22

23 International Lunar Missions planned Actor Landers Orbiters Russia Luna-25, Luna-27 Luna-26 USA NASA & private missions (Moon Express, Astrobotic, Blue Origin, Masten etc.) Private missions China Chang e 4 & 5, Polar missions Chang e 4 relay (in flight) India Japan Israel Chandrayaan-2 JAXA - SLIM, Selene 2 (TBC) ispace Japan (private) SpaceIL (private) South Korea Lander (tentative) KPLO Europe Private - Part Time Scientists, ispace Europe Private (Lunar Pathfinder) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 23

24 Permanently shadowed regions at the Moon s South pole, perhaps hosting water ice stored at low temperatures false colour!! Lunar Resource Lander (ESA+Russia) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 24

25 CS#3: Lunar Exploration Campaign Gradually increasing opportunities for science & applied research Offering early & complementary research opportunities (missions of opportunities) Participating in a sequence of missions which gradually increasing complexity Luna Resource Lunar Pathfinder ISRU Demo HERACLES Precision Landing Cube Delivery ISRU Sample Return Com/ Nav Services Commercial Mission Extended Mobility ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 25

26 Human Lunar Precursor A prototype for the human return to the Moon Sample Container Ascender (LAE) Long Range Rover Descender (LDE) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 26

27 Gateway + robotic missions = sustainable human exploration ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 27

28 And on to the Red Planet ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 28 Martian north pole & northern Tempe Terra, 2 May 2014 / ESA Mars Express HRSC / ESA, DLR, FU Berlin, Justin Cowart, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO

29 ExoMars 2016 On the trail of a mystery Is there methane, oxygen, water in the atmosphere? ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 29 ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter Mars orbit insertion, 19 October 2016 / ESA, Roscosmos

30 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 30

31 ExoMars 2020 A Robot Astro-biologist ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 31 ExoMars 2020 rover / ESA, Roscosmos ESA, Roscosmos

32 The First Round Trip to Mars? Robotic Mars Sample Return ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 32

33 2030 s and beyond human Mars explorers ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 33 MARS / Robert Viglasky, National Geographic Channels

34 2019 ESA Ministerial Meeting Space 19+ Global context for exploration clearer than for many years What role for Europe? ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 34

35 ESA s 10 Year exploration plan ( ) Innovation enabling discovery ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 35

36 ESA space exploration average cost 675 M /yr ( ) but today only 500M M, 2017 e.c ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 36

37 Financial Assumptions, Constraints and Principles Our planning is based on fiscal realism: Cost at completion of individual programme elements Clear level of commitment per Ministerial Council Continuation of activities from Period to Period Project + Programme level contingencies Specific planning will be part of DG s overall proposal for Space19+ ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 37

38 New elements in E3P Period 2 Period 2 Activity Comments Pilot LEO market stimulation Pan-European user network First slice ESM4 Investment for European crew First slice Lunar Gateway: I-Hab ISS barter + investment: LNE* 2024 First slice Lunar Gateway: ESPRIT ISS barter + investment: LNE 2023 First slice MSR Earth Return Orbiter LNE 2026 First slice MSR Sample Fetch Rover LNE 2026 First slice Lunar robotic campaign First slice China cooperation Lunar Pathfinder; commercial landers; ISRU & science payloads, key techno. TBC human or robotic * LNE = Launch No Earlier than ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 38

39 Tomorrow s headlines? First European now working aboard the Lunar Gateway First commercial lunar internet service now operational First proof that explorers can live off the land using off-world resources First round-trip mission to Mars and back is underway ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Slide 39