NASA s Space Launch System: Powering the Journey to Mars. FISO Telecon Aug 3, 2016
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1 NASA s Space Launch System: Powering the Journey to Mars FISO Telecon Aug 3,
2 Why the Nation Needs to Go Beyond Low Earth Orbit To answer fundamental questions about the universe Are we alone? Where did we come from? Where are we going? Human-robot teams exponentially accelerate scientific discovery To ignite innovation and prosperity Space drives breakthroughs in medicine, electronics, Earth science and robotics Inspire a new generation to pursue STEM, and spark economic growth Because we ve never been closer than we are today Great nations set grand goals and achieve them Generations from now, humanity will look to this moment as a turning point Importance of U.S. leadership in space Leadership in Space ensures continued economic benefit to the nation $330B annual global market s 2030s Visible demonstration of world-leading capability to operate in space Over 250,000 high-tech American workers make space exploration possible 1 Image credit: NASA & artists Bob Sauls & Nathan Kogan
3 What it Takes to Go Beyond Low Earth Orbit 220 MILES 45 MINUTES TO EARTH 2 240,000 MILES 5 DAYS TO EARTH 34 MILLION MILES >180 DAYS TO EARTH
4 Mars is the Logical Next Step for Human Exploration Robotic exploration has paved the way for human missions Mars geology is right for the advantages of direct human interaction and sampling A human could do in about 15 minutes what a rover could do in a day, Steve Squyres, Mars Exploration Rover principal investigator Radiation exposure No showstoppers for trip to Mars Mars can teach us a lot about Earth, about what can happen in the future to Earth and the possibility of life on other worlds Notable Mars Scientists Agree: We Need Humans on Mars to Make the Search for Life Possible 3
5 Precursor Missions Set the Stage for Humans Humans to Mars Viking 1 Lander 1976 Pathfinder / Sojourner 1997 Odyssey 2001 MRO 2006 Spirit / Opportunity 2004 Phoenix 2008 Cislunar 2021 Viking 2 Lander 1976 Global Surveyor 1997 Curiosity / MSL 2012 MAVEN 2014 InSight 2018 Mars 2020 Robotic Staging 2026 NeMO 2022 Mars Surface s 2000 s 2020 s 4
6 Why an Incremental Approach Makes Sense Phase 0 Demonstrate technologies and conduct research to support exploration Phase 1 Demonstrate Critical Systems near the Moon [Early 2020 s] Phase 2 Validate Mars-Class Systems and Operational Readiness [Late 2020 s] Phase 3+ Journey to the Mars System [2030+] Deep Space Technologies Orion Lunar Science Human Health Space Launch System Lunar Landing International Exploration Habitat Simulated Mars mission Solar Electric Propulsion Earth Reliant Missions: 6-12 months Return: Hours ~250 miles Proving Ground Missions: 1-12 months Return: Days ~240,000 miles Earth Independent Missions: 2-3 years Return: Months ~140 million miles 5
7 Size Matters in Rockets More Mass Fewer launches, fully assembled payloads, less complex operations = lower risk More Volume Big mirrors, additional instruments, simple packaging = more science More Speed Get to the outer reaches of Solar System and beyond faster = less radiation exposure for crew and cargo Big Rockets are Enabling for Exploration and Science 6
8 Evolvable Rocket 7
9 The Anatomy of the Nation s Next Big Rocket Universal Stage Adapter Solid Rocket Booster (2) Exploration Upper Stage & RL10 Engines (4) Orion Multi- Purpose Crew Vehicle Payload Attach Fitting Interstage Core Stage Volume: Less complex and less expensive Mass: Bigger Payloads Speed: Saves time and money RS-25 Main Engines (4) 8 Images Courtesy of NASA
10 How Do We Launch Humans to Mars SLS will be the largest, most powerful rocket ever built, capable of launching crew and cargo to deep space, faster and farther 9
11 Science Missions Enhanced by SLS Near Earth & Lunar Science Large Space Telescope Mars Sample Return Jupiter Trojan Asteroids Saturn / Titan / Enceladus Mission Jupiter/ Europa Saturn/ Titan Enceladus Jupiter Trojan Asteroids SLS Block 1B Benefit Saves 4.5 years and Delivers 2 Times the Payload Saves 3 Years and Provides 5 times the Payload Provides 6 times the Payload Mars Sample Return 1 Launch instead of 3 Comet Sample Return Saves 2 years and Provides 4 Times the Payload Jupiter / Europa 10
12 Europa - In 4.5 Fewer Years than Atlas Launch Atlas Launch Vehicle: Cruise Time Earth-Jupiter: 6.5 years SLS Launch: Direct trajectory: Cruise time Earth-Jupiter: 2.0 years 11
13 Growth of Primary Mirrors in Space Telescopes Bigger rockets enable bigger telescopes, and thus bigger science Value of human assembly and maintenance proven on Hubble Space Telescope Hubble Space Telescope 2.4m High Definition Space Telescope 12m James Webb Space Telescope 6.5m Images Courtesy of the Space Telescope Science Institute 12 NOTE: Telescopes shown to scale
14 The First SLS/Orion Mission
15 SLS Preparing for First Launch in 2018 RS-25 Engine Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 14 SLS Core Stage Michoud, New Orleans, Louisiana Booster Orbital ATK, Promontory, Utah
16 Core Stage 15
17 Proven Liquid Main Engines 16
18 The Most Powerful Operational Booster 17
19 Ground Systems Development and Operations (GSDO) Successful review of plans for the facilities and ground support systems Completed the fifth of 10 levels of work platforms that will surround and provide access to the SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft Each platform half is about 62 feet wide and 38 feet long and weigh between 300,000 and 325,000 pounds The top platform shown is located about 200 feet above the floor 18
20 6 Essential Capabilities for the Journey to Mars Orion Full scale development underway Successful uncrewed flight test Dec 2014 Second flight in st human-rated spacecraft flight to moon since 1972 Human lunar flight in 2021 Habitat ECLSS systems testing underway on ISS Habitat & subsystem studies underway Advanced hab testing during in late 2020s Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) Component level testing with LOX /Methane Lunar Lander in mid 2020 s Mars precursor mission in late 2020 s Mars MAV ready in early 2030s Space Launch System Full Scale Development Underway Critical Design Review completed 2018 first flight hardware in production Exploration Upper Stage in 2021 increasing SLS capability Power Next generation array testing underway at ISS Initial 50 kw demonstration - Asteroid Redirect Mission 150 kw - Translunar SEP tug Mars Lander & Surface Systems Capability testing with lunar landers and habs Precursor EDL testing with robotic missions 19
21 The Space Launch System s Path To The Pad Mission Concept Review System Requirements Review/System Definition Review Preliminary Design Review Key Decision Point-C Critical Design Review Design Certification Review Launch Availability Booster Development Test With design and development work mostly complete, the SLS Program is now building and testing components of the world s most powerful rocket to be ready for launch in Each of these steps advance NASA on the Journey to Mars. Booster Qualification Tests Boosters Fabrication Complete Booster Assembly at KSC Engines Delivered to Inventory Manufacturing Tooling Installation RS-25 Development Testing Begins RS-25 Flight Testing Begins Core Stage Production Begins Core Stage Assembly Complete Core Stage Structural Testing Core Stage Test-Firing SLS Design Chosen Production of Adapter for Orion Flight Test Upper Stage Production Begins Integrated Integrated Upper Upper Stage Stage Structural Structural Testing Testing SLS Launch Readiness Concept Studies Design & Development Final Design & Fabrication System Assembly, Integration and Test, Launch Checkout 20
22 Summary Human exploration of Mars is ACHIEVABLE by taking the long view We can pack for the long haul journey to Mars. SLS provides unprecedented payload capability that can enable human and science deep space missions not previously achievable. We can go farther, faster, carrying more payload, than ever before possible. We can safely carry crew beyond Earth for deep space mission transfer and back again. Orion is built for launching and protecting our astronauts. We have the orbiting lab to test technologies and scenarios before deep space launches. In fact, the International Space Station every day models on-orbit challenges and solutions. Industry partners are advancing key capabilities and technologies, like Solar Electric Propulsion Cis-lunar space advancing habitation systems and capabilities Long term sustainable program of human exploration We are building tomorrow s space systems. Today. 21
23 Want to Learn More Subscribe to SLS in 3, 2, 1 msfc-sls-in-3-2-1@mail.nasa.gov Connect on @OrbitalATK 22
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