Workshop Inputs from F. Guettache (ESA), J.L. Terraillon (ESA)

Transcription

1 Avionics Systems Technology for New Exploration Scenarios 10th ADCSS Avionics Guillermo Ortega (ESA), Johann Bals (DLR), Michele Delpech (CNES) Workshop Inputs from F. Guettache (ESA), J.L. Terraillon (ESA) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use October 18th-20th,

2 Scope and Target Provide current information about the state of the art in terms of big picture, scenario destinations, missions, time-lines, partnership, etc Explain about ESA plans in cooperation with DLR and CNES Derived the needed requirements for avionics systems for exploration Present the main lines of research and technology in the area of exploration 18

3 ESA Exploration Missions Exploration of the Moon: robotics, HERACLES, Human Moon surface mission Exploration of Asteroids: Asteroid Impact Mission Exploration of Mars: ExoMars 2016, ExoMars 2020, Phobos Sample Return Exploration of other planets with scientific missions: Bepi Colombo, Mars Express, JUICE Technology for Exploration: GSP, TRP, GSTP, ExPERT 19

4 DLR R&T Contributions to Scientific Exploration Missions Among these missions are Mars Express (ESA) ExoMars (ESA) Venus Express (ESA) BepiColombo (Mission to Mercury, ESA) InSight (Mission to Mars, NASA) DAWN (Mission to Asteroids, NASA) Cassini (Mission to Saturn, NASA) Hayabusa II (Mission to Asteroid Ryugu with DLR Lander Mascot, JAXA) Lunar Resurs (Roskosmos) 20

5 CNES Exploration Missions CNES involved only in cooperation programs and mostly contributes with scientific payloads since MSR interruption Exploration of Mars: MSL, Insight, Mars 2020, ExoMars Exploration of Asteroids: Hayabusa-2 Exploration of other planets: Bepi Colombo, JUICE Technology for Exploration: R&T (scientific instruments & rover autonomy), GSTP activities 21

6 ESA Missions Exploration Time-Line 2017 Lunar- Resours 22

7 ESA Exploration Activities and Funding Sources Missions Funding Technologies Moon Luna-Resurs, Moon Surface HRE Several Asteroids AIM GSP, GSTP GNC, communications Mars ExoMars, PSR HRE Several 23

8 Current ESA Moon Exploration Activities Moon Robotic missions in collaboration with Russia: Luna-Glob Lander, Luna-Resurs Orbiter, Luna-Resurs Lander, Lunar Polar Sample Return Human-Enhanced Robotic Architecture and Capability for Lunar Exploration and Science (HERACLES) Human Moon Surface Exploration Mission: Bilateral study activity with JAXA to explore opportunity to cooperate on the development of a human-rated lander Technology Development for Moon Missions: TRP, GSTP, E3P 24

9 Elements and Links for Moon Exploration Lunar Products Demonstration ESA Baseline Lunar Glob Lunar Resurs 2020 Cooperation with Russia Human Robotic Concept Study Initiative Lunar Polar Sample Return HERACLES Partnership with Private Sector Mid-2020s Human Moon Surface Exploration

10 ESA Vision of Lunar Exploration 2030 (from HRE) Redundant crew access and return Redundant cargo and logistics service International Staging Capability Human access and return capability with re-usable ascent element (polar regions) Long range pressurised rover International global automated access and sample return capability with re-usable ascent element International Lunar Communication Service Long range tele-operated surface rover 26

11 Operational Capabilities for the Exploration of the Moon Earth Orbit OPS Interplanetary trip (forth) Moon Orbit OPS Descent and Landing Re-entry Interplanetary trip (back) Ascent Surface OPS Near Earth Travel Near Moon 27

12 Cis-Lunar Transport Habitat (CTH) It is proposed that in the first half of the 2020(s), a joint programme could start by building a Cis- Lunar Transport Habitat (CTH) The main requirements for the CTH are as follows: CTH shall provide Propulsion, Communication and Power generation functions The CTH operational lifetime shall be 15 years The CTH shall accommodate launch stowage of an externally supplied robotic arm The CTH shall descent to and ascent rom the South pole of the Moon The CTH should be located in a Near Rectilinear Orbit (NRO) 28

13 Near Rectilinear Orbits (NRO) NRO orbits are halo orbits with close passage over a lunar pole The orbits are either from a North or South family orbit class with respect to the ecliptic Work by NASA (Ryan Whitley and Roland Martinez) from the Future In-Space Operations Working Group April 13,

14 NRO orbits and the South Pole of The Moon Highly elliptical orbit of 7000Km by 61500Km Orbital period around 14 days and its inclination is near polar South trajectory with an orbital period between 6 and 8 days Ideal to descent and ascent from the South Pole of The Moon NASA (Ryan Whitley and Roland Martinez) 30

15 Asteroid Impact Mission AIM: International Cooperation 31

16 AIM Goals Interdisciplinary mission of opportunity to explore and demonstrate technologies for future deep-space missions while addressing planetary defence objectives and performing asteroid scientific investigations TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION ASTEROID IMPACT MITIGATION SCIENCE 32

17 AIM Trajectory and Asteroid Encounter 33

18 ESA Funding Sources for Exploration Technology GSP, TRP and GSTP Technologies for exclusive use of exploration or with multi-domain application Programs proposed for CM2016 ExPeRT, Luna-Resource Lander, SciSpacE, Other ESA programs outside Exploration Technologies with an application potential also for exploration 34

19 ESA proposal for European Exploration Envelope Programme (E3P) Proposal for CM2016: the first Period of the European Exploration Envelope Programme comprises seven activity areas: (1) The ISS (2) Human Exploration beyond LEO (3) ExoMars (4) Luna-Resource Lander (5) SciSpacE (6) ExPeRT (7) Commercial partnerships 35

20 E3P proposal (6): ExPeRT System studies: Phase A/B1 study for an ESA contribution to the NASA 2022 Mars orbiter mission Phase B1 (Definition Phase) for Phobos Sample Return Phase A studies for MSR (Courier and Fetch Rover) Architecture studies for post-iss LEO and lunar exploration A limited set of other early phase studies funded by GSP (potentially resulting also from collaborations with emerging space powers) Technology development activities: The technology development programme within ExPeRT will constitute of ~30-40 Technology development activities for maturing capabilities and enabling missions as indicated in the ExPeRT section of the E3P Proposal These would range typically from TRL2-6, with most likely starting at TRL >3 given previous developments under MREP and TRP 36

21 5 Main Technology Axes for Exploration Avionics Energy Life Communication, and robotics production and storage Propulsion support and habitats Telemetry, and Tracking 37

22 Avionics Systems Technology for Exploration: Mosaic Guidance, Navigation, and Control: optimal trajectories, navigation sensors, image processing Data Handling Systems: computing solutions, data buses, data protocols, Robotic Systems: on-board robots, ground robots and rovers Software Systems: on-board software, partitioning, operating systems Failure Detection, Isolation, and Recovery Systems: health monitoring and recovery systems GNC SW DH System Robots FDIR 38

23 Examples of Avionics Systems Technology Challenges Control Data Software Missions Robotics FDIR Systems Systems Systems AIM Sensors, robust control, CAM Small data handling set MASCOT-2 Auto coding Redundancy ExoMars Sensors, precise control Big data handling set Rover Auto coding Redundancy Human Moon Surface Hazard avoidance High speed computers, deterministic data Robots at CTH, Moon rovers Multicore OS Intelligent detection and recovery Human Mars Surface Hazard avoidance and high accuracy High speed computers and data transfer, deterministic data Mars rovers Multicore OS Intelligent detection and recovery Asteroid Mining De-tumbing, Hazard avoidance and high accuracy High speed computers and data transfer, deterministic data Drilling mechanism Multicore OS Intelligent detection and recovery 39

24 Exploration Guidance, and Control technology blocks Optimal guidance for descent and landing Advanced multivariable robust control for high accuracy retargeting functions Optimization at once of trajectories, structures, propulsion for landers MDO for Moon ascent vehicles: single stage vehicle with all-atonce design optimization Co-design of control and structures Optimization of sensor placements across mission arcs, mission types, and mission requirements Simulators and Emulators and SIL=>PIL=>HIL testing sequences Ground test benches for optical, infrared and LIDAR V+V All-at-once verification and validation facilities for GNC In-Orbit Demonstrators of GNC systems 40

25 Exploration Navigation, HDA technology blocks 1. Sensors (VIS, IR, multispectral) 2. Image Recognition and Processing for Navigation 3. Data fusion 4. Advanced detection of hazards and failures 5. High Performance Computing 6. Multi-disciplinary Optimization 7. Verification and Validation 41

26 Upcoming GNC technology activities for exploration GNC preliminary design for rendezvous and docking in NRO orbits around the Moon (500K, TRP) Breadboard of a multi-spectral camera for rendezvous in Lagrangian orbits of the Earth-Moon system (600K, TRP) GNC preliminary design for a Lunar Ascent Vehicle (350K, GSTP) 42

27 Exploration Data Handling Technology Blocks High performance (e.g. image processing) computing capability which can enable partitioning between HW implementation (FPGA) and SW implementation (High Performance Processor) Recording and Real Time transmitting of EDL data (e.g. images or video) Computing capacity for preprocessing at the sensor level (e.g. camera, LIDAR) High Speed communication between sensors and processing unit (reduce latency) Redundancy management Interface between OBC and high performance (e.g. image processing) computing capability (e.g. image processing unit) Low Temperature and Low Power electronic for hibernation Deterministic and fast communication protocols (e.g. TTethernet, SpaceFibre) 43

28 Roadmap Data Handling technology activities for exploration High performance computing new architectures (e.g. LEON-5, ARM) New and fast releases of the BRAVE FPGA (BRAVE XL) Automatic Generation of HW/SW Integration Tests Based on EDS OSRA Integrated On-board Network Hardware and software implementation of TTEthernet End- System Implementation of the SpaceFibre systems 44

29 Terramechanics in planetary Exploration Models across all levels of detail =>From real-time capable to high-fidelity particle simulations Intermediate models (SCM) for efficient multi-body simulations of full systems, while still covering soil deformation => Models for all stages of System development! Rheologic Contact Model Bekker-based Contact Model SCM - Soil Contact Model DEM Discrete Element Method precision computational efficiency 45

30 Terramechanics for all Development Phases Mission Requirements Flight Hardware Full system verification em n s t sig S y De l ve Le In Sys te gr tem at S y Ve st ion rif em + ica tio n Mission & Design Concept Evaluation Sub-System Design & Optimization Models for planetary Science SiL/HiL Application Sub System Level MPC Rover Control Software Model based control 46

31 Exploration Robotics Technology Blocks Combined control of robot and spacecraft or rover Robust control design and dynamic inversion Control of over-actuated systems Complex mission simulation and analysis Multidisciplinary design optimization of spacecraft and rover 47

32 Exploration FDIR Technology Objectives Provision for a consistent approach, common engineering and guidelines of the FDIR/FTC design, development and testing processes Formalisation of concepts, terminology, and vocabulary for the development of FDIR/FTC systems Elaboration of systematic processes for the Dependability and Safety analysis, the requirement flow down to subsystems and software, and qualification of FDIR/FTC systems (including verification and validation) Elaboration of operational aspects versus autonomy (on-board / onground dichotomy), FDIR concepts per phase, per mode of the missions. Reduction of time and funding of FDIR/FTC systems life-time design, development, and testing 48

33 Exploration FDIR Technology Blocks Reference FDIR architecture, generic FDIR principles for exploration mission types. ATV avionics architecture Dedicated FDIR Functions per component of the avionics system Software critical failures management through sw FMEA and ISVV Failure containment and detection preprocessing (safety net) Generic modular FDIR Functions Generic FDIR Services for standardised FDIR approach Generic Equipment Management functions 49

34 Exploration Software Technology Blocks Instantiation of SAVOIR reference architecture (hardware and software) for Exploration Missions e.g. for Integrated Modular Avionics Operating systems available RTEMS mono-core RTEMS multi-core Symmetrical Multi Processing Time and Space Partitioning XTRATUM (open source) and PikeOS (commercial) (mono or multi core) Auto coding tools and procedures Electronic data sheets for easier equipment integration Procedures and techniques from system to software engineering through model-based avionics and software 50

35 Exploration Software Technology Blocks Simulation: Multi-physics Development of libraries & complex toolkits e.g. Rover Simulation Toolkit: Communication to real world devices: Interfaces: EtherCat, CAN, serial interfaces Hardware Targets: Windows/Linux x86, dspace Optimization & Control: Design & parameters Control & trajectories Model predictive control Model inversion Functional Mock-up Interface: Tool-Coupling & model exchange Auto-code generation from models Design, Operations, SiL and HiL Simulations for Rovers 51

36 Roadmap of SW technology ITTs for exploration Adaptable IMA (Integrated Modular Avionics) Systems Autonomous Avionics resource management - Planetary Mission On-board Planning & Scheduling (PMOPS) representative test bench Automating the transition from System to Software Engineering Automatic Generation of HW/SW Integration Tests Based on electronic data sheets Secured CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (Secure CFDP) 52

37 Thanks for your attention ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 53

38 Round Table Avionics for Exploration ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 54

39 Heritage (Delpech) Based on the challenges and achievements from past successful exploration activities (missions, mission studies, research and development work, hardware developments, etc.) in the three areas of GNC, data handling and on-board software Can the current avionics systems cope with the new exploration missions? 55

40 Needs (Bals) Lessons learnt during the development, implementation and operational use of exploration missions and technologies in the area of avionics lead to the next question: What are the key technological needs for the avionics systems for exploration? In data handling and computing In software In robotics in FDIR and health monitoring => In Vision Based Navigation (as critical technology) 56

41 Public-Private Partnership (Ortega) A key objective of exploration if to stimulate economic expansion. This is to support or encourage provision of technology, systems, hardware, and services from commercial entities and create new markets A public private partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture that is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. Is PPP a good model to foster avionics technology for exploration missions? 57

42 Priorities (Ortega) Discussions about the current avionics needs and requirements raised by the upcoming exploration missions and technology to interplanetary and small body destinations, and discuss shared priorities and possible roadmaps for future endeavours What are the priorities in the upcoming technology cycle? 58