Harnessing AutoCAD Civil 3D 2011

Transcription

1 ? Harnessing AutoCAD Civil 3D 2011

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3 ? Harnessing AutoCAD Civil 3D 2011 PHILLIP J. ZIMMERMAN Australia Brazil Japan Korea Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States

4 Harnessing AutoCAD Civil 3D 2011 Phillip J. Zimmerman Vice President, Career and Professional Editorial: Dave Garza Director of Learning Solutions: Sandy Clark Acquisitions Editor: Stacy Masucci Managing Editor: Larry Main Senior Product Manager: John Fisher Editorial Assistant: Andrea Timpano Vice President, Career and Professional Marketing: Jennifer Baker Marketing Director: Deborah Yarnell Marketing Manager: Katie Hall Associate Marketing Manager: Mark Pierro Production Director: Wendy Troeger Senior Content Project Manager: Glenn Castle Senior Art Director: David Arsenault Technology Project Manager: Joe Pliss Cover Image: View of a modern bridge at sunset. Image copyright Pinosub Used under license from Shutterstock.com 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at Further permissions questions can be ed to permissionrequest@cengage.com Library of Congress Control Number: ISBN-13: ISBN-10: Delmar 5 Maxwell Drive Clifton Park, NY USA Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at: international. cengage.com/region Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Delmar, visit Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store Notice to the Reader Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of the product information contained herein. Publisher does not assume, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information other than that provided to it by the manufacturer. The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated by the activities described herein and to avoid all potential hazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions. The publisher makes no representations or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability, nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibility with respect to such material. The publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or part, from the readers use of, or reliance upon, this material. Printed in the United States of America

5 Introduction xi CHAPTER 1 THE BEGINNING 1 Introduction 1 Objectives 1 Overview 1 UNIT 1: COMMAND RIBBON AND PROSPECTOR 2 Objects 5 Civil 3D Objects 8 Object Dependencies and Icons 8 Prospector: Data Shortcuts and Project Management 9 Civil 3D Templates 10 The Panorama 11 Summary 12 UNIT 2: SETTINGS 12 Edit Drawing Settings 13 Edit Label Style Defaults 16 Edit LandXML Settings 17 Edit Feature Settings 18 Label and Table Style Groups 19 Edit Command Settings 21 Summary 22 UNIT 3: SETTING CIVIL 3D S ENVIRONMENT 22 Implementation 23 Object Layers 24 Setting the Drawing Environment 25 Styles 29 Style Types 32 Object Styles 33 Label Styles 34 Table Styles 36 The Panorama 36 Summary 37 UNIT 4: CIVIL 3D AND LAND DESKTOP 37 LandXML Settings 38 Summary 41 CHAPTER 2 POINTS 42 Introduction 42 Objectives 42 Overview 42 UNIT 1: POINT SETTING AND STYLES 46 Edit Feature Settings 46 Create Points 48 Edit Label Style Defaults 52 Point Styles 52 Label Styles 57 Point Display Management 62 Summary 63 UNIT 2: CREATE POINTS 63 Create Points Settings 63 Ribbon s Points Menu 63 Extending Commands 65 Create Points Toolbar 70 LandXML 75 Summary 76 UNIT 3: POINT ANALYSIS 76 Unused Point Numbers 77 Summary 77 UNIT 4: EDIT POINTS 77 Prospector s Preview 77 Edit Points 78 Delete and AutoCAD Erase 80 Point Utilities 80 Geodetic Calculator 81 Summary 82 UNIT 5: ANNOTATING AND ORGANIZING POINTS 82 Codes 82 Point Annotation Methods 83 Point Groups 85 Description Key Set 86 Creating a Description Key Set 88 Example Description Key Set 93 Importing a Description Key Set from LDT 94 Point Groups 94 Point Table Styles 100 Summary 101 v

6 vi Contents CHAPTER 3 SITE AND PARCELS 102 Introduction 102 Objectives 102 Overview 102 UNIT 1: SITES, PARCELS, AND STYLES 104 Parcel Settings 105 Edit Feature Settings 106 Command: Createsite 107 Command: CreateParcelFromObjects 108 Command: CreateParcelByLayout 109 Parcel Styles 109 Label Styles 111 Table Styles 113 Summary 114 UNIT 2: CREATING A SITE AND PARCELS 114 Line and Polyline Commands 114 Create Parcel from Objects 115 Create Parcel by Layout 115 Right-of-Way Parcel 116 Summary 117 UNIT 3: EVALUATING THE SITE AND PARCELS 117 Parcel Properties 117 Toolbox/Reports Manager 118 Parcel Preview 119 Summary 119 UNIT 4: EDITING A SITE AND PARCELS 120 Summary 122 UNIT 5: PARCEL AND SEGMENT ANNOTATION 122 Plan Readability and Scale Sensitivity 122 Area Labels 122 Labeling Segments 124 Line and Curve Segment Styles 124 Label Non-Parcel Segments 125 Editing Segment Labels 125 Label Properties 126 Table Styles 127 Creating a Table 128 User-Defined Property Classifications 129 Expressions 130 Map Check 131 Summary 131 CHAPTER 4 SURFACES 132 Introduction 132 Objectives 132 Overview 132 Seven Surface Steps 133 UNIT 1: SURFACE SETTINGS AND STYLES 136 Edit Drawing Settings 136 Edit Feature Settings 137 Command: CreateSurface 138 Surface Properties Data Operations 142 Surface Properties Edit Operations 142 Surface Properties Operation Type 143 Surface Style 143 Label Styles 144 Table Styles 144 Summary 145 UNIT 2: SURFACE DATA 146 Step 1: Create a surface 146 Step 2: Create Initial Data 147 Step 3: Add Breaklines to Known Problem Areas 156 Summary 165 UNIT 3: SURFACE REVIEW AND EDITING 165 Step 4: Evaluate Resulting Triangulation 165 Step 5: Edit Surface 169 Summary 175 UNIT 4: SURFACE ANALYSIS 175 Step 6: Analyze the Surface Characteristics 175 Assigning and Processing Analysis Styles 178 Water Drop Analysis 178 Catchment Area 179 Summary 179 UNIT 5: SURFACE ANNOTATION 179 Step 7: Annotate the Surface 180 Label Grips 185 Surface Smoothing 186 Expressions 186 Summary 187 UNIT 6: SURFACE POINTS, LANDXML, AND UTILITIES 187 Points from Surfaces 187 LandXML 188 Surface Utilities 190 Summary 192 CHAPTER 5 ALIGNMENTS 193 Introduction 193 Objectives 193 Overview 193 UNIT 1: ROADWAY STYLES 197 Edit Drawing Settings 197 Edit Feature Settings 198 Alignment Styles 201 Design Checks 209 Summary 210 UNIT 2: CREATING ROADWAY CENTERLINES 210 Alignment Creation 212 Station Equations 216 Design Speeds 216

7 Contents vii Importing LandXML 216 Importing from Land Desktop 217 Alignment Types 218 Summary 218 UNIT 3: CENTERLINE ANALYSIS 218 Edit Alignment Geometry Alignment Grid View 218 Edit Alignment Geometry Sub-Entity Editor 219 Design Check 220 Toolbox Reports 220 Inquiry Tools 221 Summary 222 UNIT 4: EDITING A HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT 222 Graphical Editing 223 Edit Alignment Geometry 223 Deleting and Inserting Segments 224 Alignment Properties 224 Summary 226 UNIT 5: ALIGNMENT ANNOTATION 227 Alignment Label Sets and Styles 227 Add Labels 228 Alignment Table 228 Summary 229 UNIT 6: OBJECTS FROM ALIGNMENTS 229 Point Settings 229 Create Points Alignment 229 Create Points Intersection 230 LandXML Output 231 Create ROW (Right-of-Way) 232 Summary 233 CHAPTER 6 PROFILE VIEWS AND PROFILES 234 Introduction 234 Objectives 234 Overview 234 UNIT 1: PROFILE VIEW AND PROFILE STYLES 236 Profile View 236 Profile View Style Full Grid 237 Band Sets 242 Profile Styles 249 Profile Label Sets and Styles 250 Add Labels Label Styles 253 Profile View and Profile Settings 253 Vertical Segment Checks 259 Summary 260 UNIT 2: CREATING A SURFACE PROFILE AND ITS VIEW 260 Surface Data 260 Create Surface Profile 260 Create Profile View 261 Summary 265 UNIT 3: DESIGNING A PROPOSED PROFILE 265 Profile Creation Tools 265 Transparent Commands 269 Profile2 Assignment 269 Assigning Design Checks 269 Edit Labels 270 Summary 270 UNIT 4: ANALYZING AND EDITING A VERTICAL DESIGN 271 Profile Reports 271 Inquiry Tool 271 Graphical Editing 272 Profile Layout Tools Editors 273 Summary 273 UNIT 5: PROFILE ANNOTATION 273 Spot Profile Labels 274 Projecting Objects to Profile and Section Views 274 Summary 276 CHAPTER 7 ASSEMBLIES AND CORRIDORS 277 Introduction 277 Objectives 277 Overview 277 UNIT 1: CATALOGS, PALETTES, AND STYLES 280 Corridor Modeling Catalog (Imperial) 280 Civil 3D Imperial Palette 281 Subassemblies 282 Corridor 284 Corridors Multipurpose Styles Code Set 285 Pay Item 286 Summary 290 UNIT 2: ASSEMBLIES AND SUBASSEMBLIES 290 Subassembly Properties 290 Assembly Properties 292 Summary 293 UNIT 3: CREATING A SIMPLE CORRIDOR 293 Corridor Properties 295 Summary 300 UNIT 4: CORRIDOR REVIEW AND EDIT 300 View/Edit Corridor Section Options 301 Summary 301 UNIT 5: OBJECTS FROM A CORRIDOR 302 Create Polyline from Corridor 303 Create Grading Feature Line from Corridor 303 Create Alignment from Corridor 303

8 viii Contents Create Profile from Corridor 304 Create COGO Points from Corridor 304 Corridor Surfaces 305 Calculating Overall Earthwork Volumes 307 Summary 307 CHAPTER 8 CROSS-SECTIONS AND VOLUMES 308 Introduction 308 Objectives 308 Overview 308 UNIT 1: CROSS-SECTION SETTINGS AND STYLES 310 Edit Drawing Settings 310 Edit Feature Settings 311 Section 312 Object Styles 313 Section View 313 Section 315 Label Styles 316 Command Settings 320 Summary 321 UNIT 2: CREATE SAMPLE LINES 321 Create Sample Lines 322 Editing and Reviewing Sample Lines 325 Sample Line Group Properties 325 Sample Line Properties 326 Summary 328 UNIT 3: CREATING ROAD SECTIONS 328 Create Section View 328 Create Multiple Views 330 Group Plot Styles 331 Sheet Size Style 332 Section View Band Set 334 Erasing Existing Section Views 334 Create Section Sheets 334 Summary 335 UNIT 4: MULTIPURPOSE CODE STYLES 335 Code Set Styles 335 Code Label Style 336 Projecting Objects to Section Views 337 Summary 337 UNIT 5: QUANTITY TAKEOFFS AND REPORTS 337 Materials 338 Earthworks 338 Cut and Fill 339 Quantity Takeoff 339 Quantity Reports 342 Mass Haul Diagram 342 Pay Item Reports 342 Section Reports 342 Summary 343 CHAPTER 9 TRANSITIONS, SUPERELEVATION, INTERSECTIONS, AND ROUNDABOUTS 344 Introduction 344 Objectives 344 Overview 344 UNIT 1: TRANSITIONS 348 Identifying Offset Alignments or Objects 352 Corridor Properties 353 Corridor Section Frequency 354 Offsets 354 Widening 354 Summary 355 UNIT 2: CREATING A CUL- DE-SAC 356 Corridor Surfaces 356 Summary 357 UNIT 3: SUPERELEVATION 357 Design Standards File 357 Edit Feature Settings 363 General Terms 365 Design Rules 365 Default Options 366 Warnings and Error Messages 366 Calculate/Edit Superelevation 366 Superelevation Tabular Editor 370 Superelevation View 371 Summary 373 UNIT 4: INTERSECTION WIZARD 373 Intersection Wizard 373 Intersection Settings 379 Summary 381 UNIT 5: ROUNDABOUT 381 Roundabout Standards 381 Roundabout Wizard 382 Graphical Roundabout Editing 385 Draw Slip Lane 386 Summary 387 CHAPTER 10 GRADING AND VOLUMES 388 Introduction 388 Objectives 388 Overview 388 UNIT 1: GRADING WITH POINTS 389 Interpolation 390 Surface 392 Summary 393 UNIT 2: FEATURE LINES AND GRADING OBJECTS 393 Edit Drawing Settings 394 Feature Line Styles 394 Creating Feature Lines 395 Sites 396 Drafting 396 Converting 397 Create from Alignment 397 Create Grading Feature Line from

9 Contents ix Corridor 397 Control Point 397 Elevation Point 398 Elevation Editor 399 Labeling Feature Lines 402 Points from Feature Lines 403 Feature Line Annotation 403 Summary 403 UNIT 3: GRADING 403 Edit Drawing Settings 403 Edit Feature Settings 404 Grading Styles 405 Grading Criteria Sets 405 Grading Tools 406 Edit Grading 407 Summary 407 UNIT 4: SITE AND BOUNDARY VOLUMES 407 Site Volumes 407 Bounded Volumes 410 Designing Surfaces 410 Surface Design Tools 410 Volume Report Tools 412 Contour Data 412 Summary 412 CHAPTER 11 PIPE NETWORKS 413 Introduction 413 Objectives 413 Overview 413 UNIT 1: PIPE SETTINGS AND STYLES 417 Edit Drawing Settings 418 Pipe and Structure Catalogs 419 Pipe Network Parts List 420 Edit Feature Settings 423 Pipe Styles 425 Pipe Rules 428 Pipe Labels 429 Structure 430 Interference Styles 433 Summary 434 UNIT 2: CREATING A PIPE NETWORK 434 Pipe Drafting Icons 434 Pipe Network from Object 435 Summary 436 UNIT 3: PIPE NETWORKS REVIEW AND EDIT 437 Network Properties 437 Pipe Properties 438 Structure Properties 439 Swap Part: Pipe and Structure 441 Graphical Editing 442 Connect and Disconnect Part 442 Profile Editing 442 Interference Checking 443 Merge Pipe Network 443 Split Pipe Network 443 Summary 444 UNIT 4: PIPE LABELS 444 Structure Label Styles 445 Pipe Label Styles 445 Pipes in Sections 446 Crossing Pipes Profile View 447 Pipe Network Reports 447 Summary 448 CHAPTER 12 CIVIL 3D SHORTCUTS 449 Introduction 449 Objectives 449 Overview 449 UNIT 1: DATA SHORTCUTS 450 Setting Up Working and Shortcut Folders 451 Creating Multiple Shortcut Folders in One Working Folder 451 Open Source Drawing 453 Synchronize 453 Promote 453 Data Shortcut Editor 453 Validate Data Shortcut 453 Associate Project to Current Drawing 454 Associate Project to Multiple Drawings 454 Disassociate Drawing from Project 455 Summary 455 CHAPTER 13 HYDRAULICS AND PIPE DESIGN 456 Introduction 456 Objectives 456 Overview 456 UNIT 1: HYDRAFLOW EXPRESS 457 User Interface 457 Precipitation 464 Structures 466 Reports 469 Summary 469 UNIT 2: HYDROLOGY 470 SCS Runoff Curve Number Editor 470 Time of Concentration 470 Hydrograph Components 471 Reports 473 Summary 474 UNIT 3: STORM PIPES 474 Design Codes 475 Storm Waters Tabs 478 Summary 481 UNIT 4: PLAN PRODUCTION TOOLS 481 Production Template 482 View Frame Group 482 Create Plan Profile Sheets 486 Summary 488

10 x Contents CHAPTER 14 SURVEY BASICS 489 Introduction 489 Objectives 489 Overview 489 UNIT 1: FIELD BOOK LANGUAGE 492 Field Book Language Format 492 Survey Basics 493 Electronic Conversions 496 Line Work Coding Sets 499 Summary 499 UNIT 2: SURVEY SETTINGS 499 Network Style 499 Figure Styles 500 Survey Toolspace 500 Summary 505 UNIT 3: IMPORTING AND EVALUATING FIELD BOOKS 505 Import Events 506 Import Options 508 Network Components 509 Survey Command Window 512 Summary 516 UNIT 4: SURVEY FIGURES 516 Figure Curves 520 Figures, Parcels, and Breaklines 520 Linework Code Sets 520 Figure Prefix Database 524 Figure Style 525 Summary 526 CHAPTER 15 SURVEY AND TRAVERSE ADJUSTMENTS 527 Introduction 527 Objectives 527 Overview 527 UNIT 1: THE TRAVERSE EDITOR 529 Local Survey Database Settings 529 Traverse Editor 530 Survey and Vault 532 Equipment Library 532 Summary 533 UNIT 2: SURVEY WITH A TRAVERSE 533 Summary 534 UNIT 3: CLOSED CONNECTED SURVEY 534 Summary 534 Index 535

11 Civil 3D is the successor to the Autodesk Land Desktop product line (Land Desktop, Civil Design, and Survey). Like Autodesk Land Desktop (LDT), the program is a powerful drafting tool and unlike Autodesk (LDT), Civil 3D is a dynamic engineering environment. Civil 3D does not create data based on drawing entity snapshots, but drawing objects. The dynamic engineering environment is the single fundamental change that radically alters the CADD design environment. Changes in data produce changes in documentation. Autodesk (LDT) with its hidden data and definitions disappears in Civil 3D. Prospector and Data Shortcuts provide open access to object data and its properties. Prospector manages an object and provides the interface to the object s data. In Civil 3D, data is only a few clicks away. Data Shortcuts allow data sharing. The Settings Toolspace presents a unique way of managing a company s look that is consistent irrespective of which user develops a design. This is where the journey starts, with Civil 3D styles that accomplish its design drafting and documentation. Where Land Desktop was a take-it or draft-it environment, Civil 3D is a la carte. With Civil 3D you either live with its shipping content or you spend time developing your content. It is a new beginning for the Civil Industry using Civil 3D tools and styles. Civil 3D s tool sets include points, surfaces, parcels, alignments, profiles, sections, pipes, and survey. To use Civil 3D s tool sets efficiently requires fundamental Civil Design and Survey process knowledge. This book addresses the use of and provides a basic understanding of the tool sets. This book, however, is NOT an engineering or surveying textbook nor is it a tips and tricks book. You can peruse the newsgroups for those needs. This book provides explanations of and exercises helping in the development of a basic understanding of Civil 3D s tools. Many examples are from people using the software while other examples contain difficulties to demonstrate capabilities. Civil 3D 2010 introduces the ribbon and it is a departure from traditional AutoCAD menus. The ribbon focuses on tasks, whereas the menus focus on object types. I chose to use the ribbon for this book and find its focus on tasks rather than object types a more flowing work process. xi

12 xii Introduction When working in Civil 3D you have four potential tasks: creating objects (Home tab), analyzing their values (Analyze tab), editing them if wrong (Modify tab), and labeling (Annotate tab) their values. If using the ribbon and not panicking for menus, the ribbon will become an ingrained habit. The menus remain, as does selecting with the left mouse button, pressing the right mouse button, and selecting a command from a shortcut menu. Working through the exercises, you will encounter issues with the software. I have not had a single version of Civil 3D complete all of the tasks in this book. With this release, Civil 3D accomplishes most of its goals. I cannot imagine going back to LDT after becoming familiar with Civil 3D. Drawing files are included on the book s Student Companion Premium Website for use in exercises. Text Element Step-by-Step Tutorials Text Element AutoCAD Command Civil 3D Command Tab, Icon, or Button User Input Files Names Example 1.1 Perform these steps Example PAN CREATE ALIGNMENT FROM POLYLINE Save Bold Italic ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Chapter 2 s exercise files are from surveys processed by Jerry Bartels. The manual survey of Chapter 13 is from Gail and Gil Evans of Chicago. Chapter 14 s network traverse loop is from Bill Laster. Chapter 3 s lot exercise subdivision is from a plat developed by Intech Consultants, Inc. (Tom Fahrenbok, Scott, and Joe). Thanks to the staff at Delmar Cengage Learning for patiently waiting for the manuscript s completion, especially John Fisher and Glenn Castle; and Preetha Sreekanth for PreMediaGlobal s edits and compositing. I want to thank my dear mom (Lorraine), sisters (Sharon and Dawn), and patient friends for their support and help. Also, I want to thank Imaginit, Carl, Len, Angela, Andrea, V, Brent, Jay, Mike Choquette, and many other friends for giving me advice and opportunities. I want to give Mark Martinez special thanks for his joyful and enthusiastic rereading of the manuscript for technical errors. Sadly, no matter how many times he and I reread the manuscript, there will be errors. Let me know where they are so I can fix them. Phillip J. Zimmerman