FRENCH'GRAMMAR:' When! a!or! de!precedes!the!definite!article!le!or!les!the!preposition!contracts.!

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Bruno Burns
6 years ago
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1 FRENCHGRAMMAR: ARICLES DEFINIEARICLE: MEANS: he SING LE LA L (BeforeVowelor h ) USED: 1. Generalcategoriesandabstractions Lapatienceestunevertu 2. Nameandadjectiveclusters Surveillelapetiteémilie 3. itlesandfamilynames VoicilesCoffeys 4. Languagesandschoolsubjects J etudielefrancais 5. Countries JeveuxvisiterlaFrance 6. DaysLEusedtoexpress on or every JemereposeleDimanche NOE: After en thedefinitearticleisomitted Jesuisforteenanglais LES PLUR CONRACEDARICLES: USED: When a or de precedesthedefinitearticleleorlestheprepositioncontracts. INDEFINIEARICLES: MEANS: A A AU AUX DE DU DES MASC FEM PLUR UN UNE DES (some) OMISSION: Indefinitearticleisomittedafter QUEL Quellebellejournee Omittedafteril(s)orelle(s)whenreferringto:professions/nationalities/religions Masoeurestmedecin

2 ADJECIVES: DEMONSRAIVEADJECIVES: MEANS:his/hat/hese/hose MASC FEM PLUR CEE CES CE CE (nounbeginswith vowelor h ) NOE: odistinguishbetweenthis/thatandthese/thoseadd cior la CettelivreCci CeslivresCla POSSESSIVEADJECIVES: MASC FEM PLUR MON MA MES ON A ES LEUR LEURS NOE:heaboveadjectivesvarydependingonthenounthatFOLLOWS. Ilaparléavecsamere INERROGAIVEADJECIVES: MEANS:What?orWhich? SING SON/SA NORE VORE PLUR SES NOS VOS MASC FEM PLUR QUEL? QUELLE? QUELS QUELLES

3 PLURALS,QUANIYANDPARIIVEARICLES: PLURALSOFNOUNS: hearicleinapluralnounphrasemustbeplural: Les Des Ces Mes es Ses Nos Vos Leurs Quells omakeanounplural: Addan s Ifthenounendsin s,x,zthenounremainsunchanged al>aux eau>eaux QUANIY: NEVERuseanarticleorcontractionafterde/d Commonadverbsofquantity: assezde beaucoupde pasmalde peude tantde tellementde tropde unpeude combinede NOE: plusieures and quelques donorequire de or d PARIIVEARICLES: MEANS: some whenusedwithanaffirmativesentence NOE: InnegativephrasesonlyDEorD isused Iln yapasdegensici OMISSION: DES(referringtoundefinedquantities)isnotnormallyusedbeforePLURALADJECIVES: JeracontedesblaguesBUJeracontedebonnesblagues WhentalkingaboutthingsinGENERALorABSRACIONSusetheDEFINIEARICLE: J aimelesfruitsmais,jedétesteleslegumes. MASC FEM PLUR DU DELA DEL DES

4 ADJECIVES: POSIIONOFADJECIVES: MostadjectivesFOLLOWthenoun Unehistoireamusante AselectfewadjectivesPRECEDEthenoun: BON LONG JEUNE BEAU MAUVAIS COUR VIEUX NOUVEAU PEI JOLI MEME PREMIERE GRAND SEUL AURE DERNIER COMPARAIVES+SUPERLAIVES: COMPARE Plus que Moins que Aussi que SUPERLAIVE Le/La/LesPlus Le/La/LesPires ADVERBS: POSIIONOFADVERBS: USED:ModifythemeaningofaVERBplaceddirectlyAFERtheverb SOMEIMEStheadverbmodifiesanadjective/pastparticiple/adverbandPRECEDEStheverb ADJ:Elleestvraimenttenace PP:Lefeuestpresqueenteint ADV:Ilmarcheextremementvite FORMAIONOFADVERBS: 1. akethefeminineformofanadjectivethatendsinaconsonantormasculineformthatendsina vowel 2. Add ment FEM:heureuxC>heureuseC>HEUREUSEMEN MASC:poliC>poliment NOE: Adverbsofadjectiveendingin ENand ANareformed: 1. dropping N 2. adding MMEN elegantc>élégamment COMPARAIVE+SUPERLAIVES: COMPARE Plus que Moins que Aussi que SUPERLAIVE Le/La/LesPlus Le/La/LesPires BIEN Bien Mieux Lemieux MAL Mal PlusMal/Pis LePlusmal/Lepis

5 SUBJEC,SRESSEDANDOBJECPRONOUNS: SUBJECPRONOUNS: Replacesanounsubjecttheyperformtheactionoftheverb: JE U ILS/ELLES NOUS VOUS ILS/ELLES SRESSEDPRONOUNS: USED: Afterprepositions: Presdetoi Beforesubjectpronouns: Moi,jepense MOI OI LUI/ELLE NOUS VOUS EUX/ELLES DIREC+INDIRECOBJECPRONOUNS: ReplacesnounsthatRECEIVEtheactionoftheverb DIREC: Receivetheactiondirectly NOprecededbyapreposition LE LA L LES Jejettelaballe Jelajette INDIREC: Receiveactionindirectly(ALWAYSPERSONS) Normallyprecededby a LUI LEUR JeparleaMarie Jeluiparle POSIIONOFOBJECPRONOUNS: DirectandIndirectobjectpronounsareplaced: BEFORE: Conjugatedverbs(present/future/imperfect) Jelevois Auxiliaryverbs(avoir/etre)inPASSECOMPOSE Jel aivu Infinitiveverbincompoundstructures Jevaislevoir AFER: Affirmativecommands RegardeCle

SIZE OF THE AFRICAN CONTINENT COMPARED TO OTHER LAND MASSES

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