Basic Concept of Electronics a short review
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1 Basic Cncep Elecrnics a shr review Achmad izal BiSPN. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis () Curren (, ampere) : he rae he lw elecrns hrugh a regin dq/ lage & Penial (, vl) : penial energy (U) per uni charge q W Δ B A q AB A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis () esisr : cmpnen r curren vider r vlage vider depend n maerial and mensin ρl Ohm s aw : A Pwer : P.. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes Kirch s lage aw Kirch s Curren aw. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis () 0 0 Superpsiin herem : he curren a linear newrk is he sum he currens prduced by each energy surce A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 4 0 Ω 0 Ω A 6 A? 9 A S Figure.4 The vlage drp creaed by an elemen has he plariy in he recin curren lw. Kirchh s vlage law. Figure.5 Kirchh s curren law saes ha he sum he currens enering a nde is 0. Tw currens enering and ne negaive enering, r leaving. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 5 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 6
2 4 Ω a b e 0 Ω 6 Ω 0 d c p abcda : ( 6 Ω) ( Ω) 0 4 p bceb: A A Figure.6 Kirchh s curren law example. ( 6 Ω) ( 4 Ω) 0 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 7. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis (4) Capacir : w-erminal elemen in which he curren, i, is prprinal he change vlage wih respec he ime, a crss he elemen dv i C C C C C A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 8 Parallel capacir Q. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis (5) -Q Area A C C C ε A / d C C. Elecrnic Cmpnen & Circui Analysis (6) nducr : a w-erminal elemen in which he vlage, v, is prprinal he change curren wih respec ime, /, acrss he elemen. d v λ d A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 9 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 0 Series nducr Paralel nducr lage Divider : s: K : 0 0 m ana A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes KC : i 0 i i i i 0 i i i i Pembagi arus ; i i i m ana i i i i i i i i A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes
3 . Basic OpAmp (). Basic OpAmp () OpAmp : a high gain dc erenial ampliier v v d S A(v v ) Figure. Equivalen circui r p amp. Symbl p amp. Many imes and are mied in he p amp symbl, bu i is undersd ha hey are presen. v v A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes A deal OpAmp A (gain, ampliicain) 0 when v v (n se vlage) d (erenial inpu impedance is ininiy) s 0 (upu impedance is zer) Bandwih Tw rules in OpAmp The w inpu erminals are a he same vlage N curren A-E470- lws nsrumenasi in Bimes eiher he w inpu 4 erminals. Basic OpAmp () nverer. Basic OpAmp (4) Nnnvering Ampliier A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 5 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 6. Basic OpAmp (5) lage Fllwer/Buer.Frequency & Fasr () Ampliude Asin( sine 0 csine π θ ) Asin( θ ) Asin( T π T A ampliude sine wave requency sine wave in herz (Hz) angular requency sine wave in raans per secnd θ phase angle sine wave in raans T / (perid in secnds) θ ) Figure.8 One perid, T, he sine and csine waverms. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 7 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 8
4 .Frequency & Fasr () θ φ j θ φ 90 jc θ φ 90.Frequency & Fasr () Z e Z Z Ze Z Z ZZ Z Z i Z v v i C v C Z Z Z e i Z (c) Figure. Pls he curren and vlage as a uncin ime. Wih a resisr bh he curren and he vlage vary as sin(), he curren is in phase wih he vlage, meaning ha when he curren is a a maximum, he vlage is als. Fr an inducr, he curren lags behind he vlage 90. (c) Fr a capacir, he curren lead he vlage by 90. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 9 (c) Figure. Series circui. Parallel circui. (c) Single impedance equivalen. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 0 4.Filer () Filer : an elecrnic circui ha, by design, aenuaes sinusidal vlage signal a undesired requencies and passes signals a preerred requencies npu-upu elainship Filers 4.Filer () v sin( φ) i v m m respn magniud iler θ ( ) respn asa iler T( )sin( φ θ( )) A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes c Figure. w-pass iler. High-pass iler. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes c 4.Filer ().0.0 C / jc / jc jc j c C c j j c c Figure. Bandpass iler. Bandsp iler. Figure.4 w-pass iler. C circui. circui. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 4 4
5 C npu signal w-pass iler crner requency High-pass iler crner requency Oupu j c j c c C c Figure.5 High-pass iler. C circui. circui. Figure.6 A lw-pass iler and a high-pass iler are cascaded make a bandpass iler. A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 5 A-E470- nsrumenasi Bimes 6 5
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