Thailand Integrates Large-Scale Wind Farms

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1 PQSynergy 2016 Thailand Integrates Large-Scale Wind Farms Chakphed Madtharad, Ph.D. Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) PEA May 2016

2 PEA s service area and customer Area : 510,000 km 2 (approx. 99%) Province : 74 provinces 933 offices Customer : 80,033 villages million households 18.6 MWpeak MEA service area Electrified customer : 99.98% (village) / 99.63% (household) Provincial PEA Electricity Authority, ThailandMay, 2016 August 29,

3 PEA s VISION To provide efficient and reliable electricity services for quality of life and sustainability of economy and society Provincial PEA Electricity Authority, ThailandMay, 2016 August 29,

4 First wind farm in Kingdom of Thailand 115kV Transmission Line Single Circuit Double Conductors EGAT/ PEA A B 115kV Transmission Line Double Circuits Double Conductors PEA May

5 First wind farm in Kingdom of Thailand 2 farms of 90 MW [PCC at 115kV] Wind Turbine Generator (WTG) 2.3MW SWT Fully Converter [IEC Type 4] Each farm 45 WTG PEA May

6 Overall diagram PEA May

7 Output power of wind farm [90 MW] PEA May

8 Power quality (PQ) meter location PEA May

9 Example of the monitoring results at the 4 locations PEA May

10 A Example of the monitoring results at the 4 locations Trend From 12/12/2012 to 12/14/ KV FKW - Avg[Ia H5] (A) 4VB_01 FKW - Avg[Ia H5] (A) INC2 FKW - Avg[Ia H5] (A) W TG27B - Avg[P Total] (kw ) 6 W TG27B - Avg[Ia H5] (A) PQView (R 1 12 Wed 13 Thu 14 Fri Time PEA May

11 Impact of wind farm to voltage level at PCC PEA May

12 Impact of wind farm to voltage fluctuation at PCC CP95 of P st = 0.22, P lt = 0.46 PEA May

13 Impact of wind farm to harmonics: THDv CP95 of THDv = 2.24% PEA May

14 Impact of wind farm to harmonics: Ih CP95 of Ih5 = 4.51A PEA May

15 Scatter plot of output power (kw) with THDv PEA May

16 Scatter plot of output power (kw) with Ih5 PEA May

17 Output power P (purple), THDv (red), Vh5 (blue), Ih5 (brown) and Zh5 (green). PEA May

18 Expected THDv with fifth harmonic filter (blue/green) PEA May

19 WH2 115/33 WF TX a WH2 115/33 WF TX b WH3 115/33 WF TX a WH3 115/33 WF TX b Harmonic Filter Design CBD 570MVA EGAT 115kV Sub PoC 4.33 % 0.58 % 0.01 p.u. KR2 115 kv Double Ckt km FKW 115 kv Double Ckt km KR2 115kV Intermediate Point % % p.u % 0.90 % 0.01 p.u FKW 115kV Intermediate Point KR2 115kV Single Ckt 2.948km FKW 115kV Single Ckt 5.92km KR2 115kV % % p.u. KR2 33kV a % % p.u. 0 KR2 33kV b % % WH2 Tie Breaker p.u. 0 FKW 33kV a 6.05 % 1.05 % 0.01 p.u. FKW 115kV 5.88 % 0.93 % 0.01 p FKW 33kV b 6.05 % 1.05 % WH3 Tie Breaker 0.01 p.u th Har Filter KR2 5th Har Filter FKW PEA May

20 Harmonic Filter Design Frequency scan Harmonic current at PCC PEA May

21 EGAT/PEA Substation Proposed KR2 FKW PCC PQ Meter 115kV PCC PQ Meter 115kV TP 1 115/33kV 60MVA TP 2 115/33kV 60MVA TP 1 115/33kV 60MVA TP 2 115/33kV 60MVA INC1 33kV Tie Bus NO F2 F3 F5 F1 F4 INC2 33kV INC1 33kV Tie Bus NO F2 F3 F5 F1 F4 INC2 33kV Harmonic Filter (HF) Harmonic Filter (HF)

22 EGAT/PEA Substation Implemented KR2 FKW PCC PQ Meter 115kV PCC PQ Meter 115kV TP 1 115/33kV 60MVA TP 2 115/33kV 60MVA TP 1 115/33kV 60MVA TP 2 115/33kV 60MVA INC1 33kV Tie Bus NO F2 F3 F5 F1 F4 INC2 33kV INC1 33kV Tie Bus NO F2 F3 F5 F1 F4 INC2 33kV Harmonic Filter (HF) Harmonic Filter (HF)

23 Harmonic Filter Installation PEA May

24 Harmonic Filter Installation PEA May

25 Implementation Result PEA May

26 Current (A) Voltage (V) Implementation Result: w/ HF 115KV FKW - 9/22/ :29: Va Vb Vc Ia Ib Ic KV FKW - 9/22/ :29: Cycle FFT Ia From to s PQ -50 RMS Fund DC Max Time (s) Min CF FF PQView (R) THD Fund 8.42% 2.5 THD RMS 8.39% HRMS Phase Jump Current (A) PQ Frequency (50 Hz Harmonic) PQView (R) PEA May

27 Current (A) Voltage (V) Implementation Result: w/o HF 115KV FKW - 9/22/ :39: Va Vb Vc Ia Ib Ic KV FKW - 9/22/ :39: Cycle FFT Ia From to s PQ -100 RMS Fund DC Max Time (s) Min CF FF PQView (R) THD Fund 8.41% 2.5 THD RMS 8.38% HRMS Phase Jump Current (A) 1.5 PQ Frequency (50 Hz Harmonic) PQView (R) PEA May

28 Implementation Result Ih5 flow through the harmonic filter (green) THDv at harmonic filter (purple) PEA May

29 var Charge SPP don t pay Jan 18, 2013 SPP pay var charge Jul 10, 2013 SPP pay var charge SPP don t pay PEA May

30 Ongoing projects to design the Harmonic Filter PEA May

31 Energy Policy & Planning Office: EPPO 1. Upcoming SPP/VSPP (RE) shall be Firm (RE Firm definition is needed) 2. Ancillary Services Business Model by using Energy Storage should be set up. PEA May

32 Homework RE Firm: e.g. PV farm [6 MW] 6000 nakorn solar - P Fund All From 6/27/2013 to 6/30/2013 Min[P Fund All] (kw ) Avg[P Fund All] (kw ) Max[P Fund All] (kw ) AM Jun 28 Fri 2013 Data 9A M 12PM 3PM 6PM 9PM Time PQView (R) RE: Non Firm to Firm and support the peak Provincial PEA Electricity Authority, ThailandMay, 2016 August 29,

33 Output power of wind farm [90 MW] 115KV FKW - P Fund All From 1/1/2013 t o 1/1/2014 Min[P Fund All] (kw ) Avg[P Fund All] (kw ) Max[P Fund All] (kw ) Aug 2013 Data 1 Thu Wind/PV Firm definition is needed. 8 Thu 15 Thu 22 Thu 1 Sun Time PQView (R) Provincial PEA Electricity Authority, ThailandMay, 2016 August 29,

34 Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand 34 August 29, 2008 PEA May,

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