New Control Electronics for Helmer Gauges
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1 New Control Electronics for Helmer Gauges Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou TE-VSC-ICM Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016
2 Agenda The Helmer gauge Control electronics Supervision application Lab measurements and applications Considerations Future Work Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 2
3 Filament Helmer gauge layout Grid Suppressor Deflector 1 Collector Deflector 2 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 3
4 Helmer gauge operation Heated filament emits electrons Electrons collide with gas molecules creating positive ions (inside the grid) The ion beam travels through the Deflector and reach the Collector Ie I+ I+ I+ e- e- e- Filament Iheat 0-10A Limitations: X-RAYs X-rays are generated from the electron - grid collisions and reach the collector creating secondary electrons (inverse phenomenon) The Suppressor bounce back the electrons to the collector ESD (Electron Stimulated Desorption) Gas molecules are absorbed on the surface of the grid Electrons from filament desorb the gas molecules and also ionize some of them The additional gas molecules and positive ions increase the pressure reading VS Suppressor 0 to -200V A Ie A VD1 Deflector 0 to -1000V VG Grid 0-500V Filament 0-250V Vf VD2 Ion beam Deflector 2 0 to +200V 0 to 200V A Collector IC 1fA to 100nA Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 4
5 Motivation Volotek controller can be used for Helmer but limits the adjustments of parameters (filament bias fixed, no deflector and suppressor, no Collector amplifier for fa) Need of a fully-adjustable controller for all parameters to find optimum Multiple Instruments don t provide single software supervision Standard Instruments can t sink current Compact and relatively low-cost (compared to multiple instruments solution) Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 5
6 Agenda The Helmer gauge Control electronics Supervision application Lab measurements and applications Considerations Future Work Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 6
7 Architecture User Interface Prototype Crate Vacuum Side LabVIEW PC USB link NI DAQs Standard wires Grid Filament bias Electronic Filament HW heat 2 Deflectors Suppressor Femto amp Helmer gauge Vacuum Volume Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 7
8 Grid Voltage Source Card Ultravolt High Voltage Power source LC LP filter Power +24V Program (i,v) Readout (i,v) V 0 60 ma L Ie To Helmer GRID VG Digital Status 1/2AA24P30-E-I5 Remote Shutdown Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 8
9 Filament Voltage Sink Card Power +24V Program (i,v) Readout (i,v) Ultravolt High Voltage Power source LC filter Active Electronic Load Ie L 100 RL To Helmer Filament VF V Digital Status Remote Shutdown 1/4AA24P20-E-I5 Ie Ri Ie readout HW Active load sinks current no current goes to source Diode protects the source in case of load failure User can adjust HV for filament bias No need for true 2-quadrant solution Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 9
10 Filament Heating Instrument iheat Industrial solution from Delta Elektronika Can provide up to 10A to heat the filament Remote control Filament Delta ES Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 10
11 Deflectors Voltage Source Cards EMCO High Voltage Power +12V Program (v) Readout (v) 0 to -1000V 1 Watt To Helmer Deflector VD Digital Status CA10NR Power +12V Control +5V EMCO Proportional High Voltage 0 to +200V To Helmer Deflector VD2 Readout (v) Polarity ctr G04CTR 0 to -200V Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 11
12 Suppressor Source Card EMCO High Voltage Power +12V Program (v) Readout (v) Digital Status CA02NR 0 to -200V 1 Watt To Helmer Suppressor VS Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 12
13 FEMTO amplifiers for Collector Current Measurement Current Range: 1fA to 100nA Ultra Low Noise current amplifier LCA-2-10T: Switchable Transimpedance (Gain) 1 x 1012 V/A and 1 x 1013 V/A Extremely Low Input Noise Current of 0.18 fa/ Hz Rise Time 0.2 s Switchable Low Pass Filter 2 Hz, 0.3 Hz and 0.1 Hz Protection against ± 2 kv Transients Variable Gain Sub Femto Ampere Current Amplifier DDPCA-300: 0.4 fa peak-to-peak noise Very high dynamic range: sub-fa to 1 ma (> 240 db) Transimpedance (gain) switchable from 1 x 10 4 to 1 x V/A Bandwidth up to 400 Hz, rise time down to 0.8 ms - independent of source capacitance (up to 10 nf) Adjustable bias voltage on input relative to ground Local and remote control Low noise coaxial Cable Minimize microphonic noise Noise level reduction up to a factor of 1000 Excellent for aplifications with more than 1E+7 V/A Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 13
14 The first prototype crate Femto Amplifiers PC USB link Delta Instrument Filament heating current Suppressor 2 nd Deflector Filament bias Grid bias 1 st Deflector Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 14
15 Agenda The Helmer gauge Control electronics Supervision application Lab measurements and applications Considerations Future Work Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 15
16 Supervision & Control Total: 20 AI, 8 AO, 5 DI, 10 DO 3 NI USB-6008 DAQs (12 bits, 10kS/s) 1 NI USB-6212 DAQ (16 bits, 400kS/s) DAQs USB Hub Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 16
17 LabVIEW Supervision Emission Regulation Emission Current Readout Filament Heating Current Monitor and Control Grid and Filament HV Monitor and Controls FEMTO current readout Monitor and GAIN control Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 17
18 Emission Current Regulation Digital world Analog world Ie Set point LabVIEW PI control Delta Helmer Emission measurement Ie Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 18
19 LabVIEW Supervision Deflector and Suppressor HV Monitor and Control 2 nd Deflector HV (optional) Monitor and Control Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 19
20 Agenda The Helmer gauge Control electronics Supervision application Lab measurements and applications Considerations Future Work Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 20
21 Test benches UHV XHV Bldg: 30, room: 1-39 Bldg: 30, room: 1-34 Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 21
22 Sensitivity Preliminary UHV measurements Unbaked system at P=7E-9 mbar (ref gauge SVT) Sensitivity = Ic/Ie*P Achieved Sensitivity S=35/mbar for Ie=1.7mA 40 Sensitivity as function of Emission Current Vg=250, Vf=150, P=7E-9mbar Vd=-300/Vs=-150 Vd=-450/Vs=-150 Vd=-250/Vs=-150 Vd=-350/Vs= E E E E E E E E E-03 Emission Current [A] Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 22
23 Presure [mbar] Preliminary XHV measurements 1E-12 Perturbation due to outgassing from blue XHV measurements, 10E-13 stabilization (raw data) 9E-13 8E-13 7E-13 Recovery after outgassing XHV Pressure Helmer Nikos XHV Pressure Helmer Ph 6E-13 5E-13 4E-13 Stable 2.5E-13 mbar measurement (5fA) ±0.5E-13 mbar uncertainty (±1.07fA) 3E-13 2E-13 1E E-13 mbar (1.65fA) ±0.45E-13 mbar uncertainty (±0.675fA) 0 19/05/ :00: PM 19/05/ :00: PM 20/05/ :00: AM 20/05/ :00: PM Time [hour] Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 23
24 Pressure [mbar] Preliminary XHV measurements 1E-10 Second Argon injection XHV measurements, gauge calibration with Argon (raw data) Settling Injection valve closing 1E-11 Settling Fully open valve to turbo First Argon injection 1E-12 Residual leaking of injection valve XHV Pressure Helmer Nikos XHV Exctractor gauge 1E-13 XHV Pressure Helmer Ph 1E-14 20/05/ :00:00 AM 20/05/ :00:00 PM 20/05/ :00:00 PM 20/05/ :00:00 PM Time [hour] Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 24
25 Pressure [mbar] 1E-11 Hydrogen Rise in the Volume Preliminary XHV measurements Pressure Helmer Nikos Extractor Gauge Pressure Helmer Ph 8E-12 δp nearly the same as the other 6E-12 4E-12 Outgassing phenomenon related with hydrogen Isolate Primary Pump 2E-12 Rather good homogeneous Hydrogen distribution of the 3 gauges Emission OFF 0 20/05/ :59: PM 20/05/ :59: PM 20/05/ :59: PM 20/05/ :59: PM Time [hour] Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 25
26 Agenda The Helmer gauge Control electronics Supervision application Lab measurements and applications Considerations Future Work Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016 Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 26
27 Future Work Update design for Grid and Filament cards to improve accuracy and supress offsets (voltage & current readings) Develop a second (or even 3 rd ) prototype for labs Perform numerous tests to obtain optimum parameters Develop automatic test routine to change the parameters of the crate for faster tests (even during the night) Once the optimum parameters are obtained - What next? Test the 10E-14 mbar range (1fA with sensitivity 35 to 40 1/mbar) Design a second version prototype, smaller size - profibus based For ELENA, the prototype can be installed. What are the possibilities for remote control? Remote desktop ET200 profibus integration need new PLC software OPC server directly connected on the crate or through a local PC Author: Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou 27
28 Thank you for your kind attention! Nikolaos Chatzigeorgiou TE-VSC-ICM Technology Department ICM Automation FORUM, 24th May 2016
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