Geographic information - Imagery and gridded data. Wolfgang Kresse

Transcription

1 Geographic information - Imagery and gridded data Wolfgang Kresse kresse@fh-nb.de

2 Imagery Data taken by IRS-1C and LandsatTM Eftas, Münster, Germany

3 Gridded data Grid Value Matrix Associated Metadata Attribute Value for a Grid Cell

4 Coverages Value interpolated by a coverage function Set of values driving a coverage function organizaed into a grid value matrix

5 ISO-Standards ISO Reference model for imagery ISO Metadata Part 2: Extensions for imagery ISO Encoding for imagery (*) ISO 19xxx Calibration/Validation for imagery (*) ISO Imagery, gridded and coverage data framework ISO Sensor and data models for imagery and gridded data (*) Title still unofficial

6 ISO Reference model - imagery Extension of existing ISO Reference model, Based upon models of information science Computational Viewpoint: Functional decomposition Information Viewpoint: Semantics of information Engineering Viewpoint: Interaction between sensor and platform Outline for typical applications Example: photogrammetric project according to DIN x

7 Existing imaging systems Government US NASA EOSDIS Core System SEEDs USIGS System Arch. USGS - National Map NOAA Government non-us EUMETSAT ENVISAT PDS China Digital Earth International CEOS WMO Commercial Satellite Spotimage Commercial Airborne DIN Textbook Professional Societies IEEE-GRSS ISPRS

8 Classes of operations on images Image sensing Image processing Image analysis Image interpretation Image synthesis Image presentation

9 Refinement of imagery information Data assimilation Data fusion Knowledge from imagery Identifying features from imagery Geography imaging decision

10 ISO Imagery, gridded and coverage data framework Preliminary work for imagery and gridded data standards Definition of the interaction of the imagery standards of ISO Definition of individual standardisation projects

11 ISO Sensor and data models for imagery and gridded data Minimum requirements for the georeference of imagery and gridded data Sensors: Laserscanning (Lidar) Radar (SAR, InSAR) Hydrographic Sonar Scan linear arrays Photogrammetric camera Paper- and filmscanners

12 DEM Ländchen Friesack LGB Brandenburg (Germany) DEM of Lidar-data, Rasterwidth 5m Toposys, Ravensburg

13 SAR SARInSAR B Rs r 2 r 1 Rg

14 Hydrographic sonar

15 Scan linear array Focal plane Optical system Scan mirror/telescope system Scan direction Cross track Ground track

16 Frame camera (old photogrammetry) O(X 0,Y 0,Z 0 ) c' P'(x',y',z') P(X,Y,Z)

17 Geolocation Information Rigorous Model using a sensor model Functional Fit Model Polynomial Fit (Polynomial functions) Grid Interpolation Ratios of Polyomials Universal Real Time (mosaic of ratios of Polyn.) Terminology issue: Ground Control Point (GCP) Location GCP (row, column, x, y, (z)) Survey GCP (ID, x, y, (z))

18 Sensor Model Language (SensorML) Scanner/Profiler Model The line-of-sight sensor (one Pixel per time) Conic scanners Line-scanners Imager Optical Camera Model Frame camera Video camera SLR camera (Single Lens Reflex cameras) Rapid Positioning Coordinate (Universal Real Time)

19 ISO Metadata Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data Sources: FGDC (FGDC = Federal Geographic Data Committee, USA) With also some German source, such as DIN, Albertz-Kreiling, Luhmann DIN x und DIN x (Germany) ISO Metadata etc.

20 ISO Encoding for imagery Title is still unofficial Review of existing standards for encoding for imagery Filling of the gaps XML-based solution

21 Summary International standardization: ISO/TC 211 Convergence of the developments of standards ISPRS and CEOS ISO/TC 211 and ISPRS/CEOS JTC1/SC24 others The U.S.A. and France: leaders in standardization of Remote Sensing + China, South Korea, Thailand, Canada Standardization of Photogrammetry: German contributions