NASA s Next Generation Space Communications Architecture Concept Ka-Band and International Communication Satellite Systems Conferences

Transcription

1 NASA s Next Generatin Space Cmmunicatins Architecture Cncept Ka-Band and Internatinal Cmmunicatin Satellite Systems Cnferences Jim Schier, Chief Architect and Dep. Directr System Engineering Space Cmmunicatins and Navigatin Prgram 17 Oct 2016

2 Backgrund fr Current Studies Studies started in 2013 t define future NASA Cmmunicatins & Navigatin (C&N) architecture and evlutinary path Established that current netwrks have sufficient stability fr 15+ years t enable a new Next Generatin Architecture t be intrduced Current effrt intended t cmplete the prcess well enugh t supprt NASA budget prcess and cllabrate with natinal, internatinal, and cmmercial stakehlders: Earth Netwrk: TDRSS fleet capacity drps2 enugh t

3 Visin Shrink the slar system by cnnecting the principle investigatr mre clsely t the instrument, the missin cntrller t the spacecraft, and the astrnaut t the audience Imprve the missin s experience and reduce missin burden the effrt and cst required t design and perate spacecraft t receive services frm the SCaN Netwrk Reduce netwrk burden the effrt and cst required t design, perate, and sustain the SCaN 3 Netwrk as it prvides services t missins with

4 Paradigm Shifts RF RF + Optical Pint-t-pint (Cnnectin-riented, single access) links bradband (cnnectinless, multiple access) Scheduled access unscheduled access Phase ver frm Ku-band as near Earth backbne Ka-band (phase ut Ku-band) Link layer service prvider netwrk service prvider 4 Different near Earth and deep space architectures

5 Shift: RF RF + Optical Transitin Laser Cmm Relay Dem (LCRD) t peratins after demnstratin phase fr initial Earth Netwrk ptical capability by ~2021 LEO terminal being develped fr ISS as 1st user Discvery AO incentivized bidders fr deep space ptical 3 f 5 bids selected chse t include an ptical paylad Optical technlgy prmises 5

6 Single Access Multiple Access Under-utilizatin: Missins use TDRSS Single Access at a fractin f capacity Demand access: user requests access when he needs it and gets BW that he needs Single Access pints ne netwrk antenna t ne user antenna and cmmits User-TDRS SA Link fr Event bth fr duratin f event cnnectin-riented like telephne TDRS switchbards NEN DSN Dedicated SpaceGrund Link t Grund Terminal User-Netwrk Link fr Event Future User-TDRS MA Space Links fr Multiple Access enables ne netwrk antenna t talk tevents multiple users Relay simultaneusly in same verall system bandwidth NEN DSN DSN: Multiple S/C Per Antenna (MSPA) Opprtunistic MSPA NEN: TBD Dedicated SpaceGrund Link t Grund Terminal 6

7 Shift: Scheduled Unscheduled Access All missins schedule events (passes) daysweeks in advance Unreliable data delivery frces missins t schedule extra events and repeat transmissins Prcess is labr-intensive Scheduling is NP-hard TDRSS schedules ~60% efficient Apprach: Expand use f Multiple Access; reduce Single 7 Access

8 Shift: Switch frm Ku- Ka-band Spectrum pressure: NASA agreed t NTIA directin t mve ut f Ku-band space-t-space (eventually) NASA incrprated Ka-band starting with TDRS H (2000) NASA als btained Ka-band space-t-grund allcatin Ka-band can prvide higher data rates at higher frequencies with lwer spacecraft SWaP Need t bring cst dwn and increase cverage t vercme user cmmunity reluctance t adpt Ka Eliminate Ku-band frm Next Gen Earth 8 Relay

9 Services: Link Layer Netwrk Layer Link layer services dn t guarantee data delivery Missin Operatins Centers (MOC) develp SW t prcess data fr errrs, resend data, cmmand s/c when t delete data frm memry Applicatin layer prtcls such as CCSDS File Delivery Prtcl (CFDP) with Autmatic Repeat Request (ARQ) prvide reliable delivery ver unreliable link layer prtcls such as Space Packet9 Current SCaN Netwrk Service Future SCaN SSI Service

10 Standardized Service Architecture Services 2015 era Frward data delivery Return data delivery Radimetric data Science services Radar Radi Science VLBI/Radi astrnmy Services era Frward data delivery Return data delivery Radimetric data Science services Radar Radi science VLBI/Radi astrnmy Netwrk layer services (IOC) End-t-end file service (IOC) Optimetric data (IOC) Time delivery (IOC) Psitining (IOC) Space link layer service (IOC) Services 2040 era Frward data delivery Return data delivery Radimetric data Science services Radar Radi science VLBI/Radi astrnmy Netwrk layer services (all netwrks) End-t-end file service (all netwrks) Optimetric data (all netwrks) Time delivery (all netwrks) Psitining (all netwrks) Space link layer service (all netwrks) End-t-end messaging service (all netwrks) Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) services (by Earth grund statins) Celeslcatin service (by planetary netwrks with psitining capability) LEGEND: Green Text indicates New Services Types r extended capability; Red Text indicates Old 10 Service Types supprted n existing spacecraft but nt ffered fr new spacecraft

11 Planetary Netwrks: Earth, Mn and Mars One Architecture Lunar Netwrk Earth Netwrk Lunar Relay Earth Relay HLO GEO Distant Retrgrade Orbit (DRO) Explratin Habitat Science Orbiter Mars Netwrk Prximity Links Tru nk HMO Prximity Links link Lander Trunk link SCGS Science/ Relay Orbiter LLO DTE/ DFE LEO Mars Relay li nk u r T nk Phbs Explrati n Vehicle Science/ Relay Orbiter Deep Space Habitat Prximity Links Lander Scienc e Orbiter LMO Benefits f Planetary Netwrks: Reduced missin burden with shrt links fr in-system cmmunicatins - enables in-system telerbtics Cmmn architecture reduces technlgy and develpment csts Reuse f HW and SW: Family f prducts includes variants fr different envirnments Reuse f spectrum migrate t Ka-band and away frm Ku-band Architect fr Flexibility, Scalability, and Affrdability Implement as required t meet specific missin needs 11

12 Planetary Netwrks: Glbal Interperable Cntributins Planetary Netwrk includes: NASA netwrks r assets Cmmercial Service Prvider (CSP) netwrk(s) Internatinal partner netwrk(s) Other gvernment systems: GPS, GNSS Academic partner assets Planetary Netwrks are based n pen architecture using internatinal standards at interfaces 12 Permits crss supprt between internatinal partners

13 Cnclusin Studies have identified strategies t define a brad evlutinary path fr space cmmunicatins and navigatin Elements f Visin define majr thrusts Prjected missin needs define key perfrmance characteristics Technlgy radmap defines apprach t achieving perfrmance that enable capabilities Architecture including services, interfaces, and CnOps define brad physical and peratinal apprach t prviding capabilities 13

14 Natinal Aernautics and Space Administratin NASA NASA Space Cmmunicatins and Navigatin Facebk: NASASCaN 14