SMART STREET LIGHTING, SMART CITY, SMART STANDARDS

Transcription

1 SMART STREET LIGHTING, SMART CITY, SMART STANDARDS Anthny Ogle, Manager Asset Systems & Vimal Vindan Street Infrastructure Engineer City f Ryde Abstract The use f smart cntrlled street lighting prvides the infrastructure fr Cuncils t expand int acquiring and making available infrmatin as part f develping smart cities, especially in street use aspects such as n-street parking availability. Hwever, in using and making infrmatin available, Cuncil has t ensure it cmplies with a multitude f gvernance issues and standards. This takes Cuncil int areas nt well cvered r envisaged by standards, and an imprtant part f being "smart' is ging beynd cmpliance and being in cntrl f the use and develpment f these t meet the challenges and deliver better services fr the cmmunity. City f Ryde includes the rapidly grwing Macquarie Park CBD, and thrugh the prcess f cnverting it's lighting netwrk t LED, is venturing int smart city uses. The presentatin that ges with this paper shares key parts f the experiences t date. Key Wrds: Streetlighting, smart city, LED, Internet f Things, IOT, standards Intrductin Macquarie Park is a majr CBD and psitining itself as an innvatin hub as part f the glbal arc within Sydney. It is nw the 4 th largest CBD in Australia, and with the current building bm will get inserted within it s ftprint a resident ppulatin f nearly 30,000 alng with a majr university. As part f the city develpment, the upgrade f the public dmain includes prgressive replacement f traditinal street lighting with multifunctin ples n private metered circuits. A prgram t replace previus luminaires with LED and use LED started in 2015, which includes the use f smart cntrls. With the technlgy available, Cuncil has been explring the issues f using cntrl and sensrs, particularly in adaptive and actuated lighting, as well as using the system fr ther purpses. Alng with the pprtunities, the issues raise questins that Cuncil as a public bdy must address where sensing technlgy has ptential fr direct and indirect surveillance f the public. As the wrld lks t lcal gvernment t play a significant rle in smart cities, lcal gvernment is in a key psitin t use it s unique understanding and experience in gvernance. Lighting & Cntrls Prject What makes Ryde situatin and experience ntewrthy: Fully wned netwrk with the ples & circuits, mstly thrugh public dmain upgrades whereby develpers transfer street lighting with Multi Functin Ples (MFP s) t Cuncil with MFP s (fr Ryde this has been ccurring since 2002). smart cntrls installed fr ver 2 years, in CBD & residential cntext. This has been thugh cnverting existing MFP s t LED with mesh based smart cntrls (7pin NEMA)

2 Started 2015 at Meadwbank with 42 luminaires In 2016 & 2017 at Tp Ryde and Macquarie Park(80 luminaires) in 2017/18 cntinue in Macquarie Park New develpment with MFP s required t use LED frm 2015; and requiring Smart Cntrls frm 2016 Expect 200+ new lights n-line next 3 years future expansin f the netwrk and ability t apply and evaluate technlgy have develped staffing & rganisatin capacity trialling f adaptive lighting levels installing and evaluating sensrs that actuate lighting and traffic related infrastructure preparing t install a LRaWAN t supprt pen data applicatin explring using ther street furniture as ndes eg bus shelters IPWEA Street Lighting & Smart Cntrl (SLSC) Radmap The rad map relies n the experiences and successes f installatins as a guide t thers. The Ryde experience is particularly relevant in the areas f (radmap reference numbering): 1.5 SLSC Prgram Deliverables barriers. Assist with mdel dcuments fr smart cntrl specificatins. 1.6 Managing Risks. Acquiring internal expertise fr what is needed and advice n hw t develp it. Explring wider strategic pprtunities using existing installatins and willingness t try technlgy. 1.7 Stakehlders Finding and engaging with them nw - using the CBD f Macquarie Park where there is interest and willingness f business and ther levels f gvernment t engage with Cuncil. Strengthen faith in gvernance - by transparency with prmting the issues and learnings Custmer negtiating pwer lack f expertise in Lcal Gvernment, rapidly changing technlgy using prcurements and installatin with experience t develp understanding. rganisatin size is nt the issue learning and prmting hw t address the internal issues fr multi discipline cllabratin culture change Street Lighting s pivtal rle in smart city Hw Cuncil can cntrl r directly use the cntrllers. revenue - wh gets incme, LEP's, nnexclusivity, privacy, prcurement Knwledge barriers Prgressive installatins prmte cntinued learning f the issues and technlgy Stakehlders - Key Messages Need and the critical imprtance f Cuncil staff capability. Demnstrated perfrmance is available. 13 Lcal Gvernment Risks The paradigm f DNSP and regulated apprach leveraging experience in using streetlighting as part f smart city infrastructure fr develping business mdels. Knwledge f the issues t prtect the public and Cuncil cmmercial interests. Smart City

3 Defining fr the citizens Smart city is a lse term that can mean different things depending n wh is using it: Vendrs, the creatin f and access t knwledge (ie data & infrmatin) infrastructure. Fr practitiners, it is inclusive f terms such as digital city r cnnected cities. as an applied technlgy term, ften refers t smart grids, smart meters, and ther infrastructure fr electricity, water supply, waste and city basics civic discussins, as relating t an internet-enabled, bradband, wireless and digital cncept. A particular emphasis is n use f real-time infrmatin in the current vicinity. But fr peple, individuals, the Human Infrastructure shuld be abut intended and beneficial scial utcmes as well as the city develpment. The rle fr gvernment is t ensure this exists and is sustained. This culd mean engagement with nt-frprfit parties, and fitting within cntext f regin, natin, and wrld. It als means a rle in cntrl and management f the public space in ways nt envisaged r clearly articulated in legislatin. T try and understand hw the public views smart city, I cnducted a survey. As anticipated, there was n clear answers r expectatins ther than it shuld enable better decisins. Technlgy fr a purpse - examples The technlgical ability t adapt light levels pens the pprtunity t prmte smart lighting as Better Night, whereby lighting is reduced r turned ff fr perids. The imprtance f night/darkness fr sleep quality and fauna is emerging as highly valuable, and it is bvius that much utdr lighting prvided is in excess f that required due t the fixed nature f traditinal technlgy. Examples f adaptive purpses are : a prject which is being develped t turn ff selected freshre lighting during full mn (when the natural light is equivalent) t enhance the recreatinal experience. bus shelter lighting activated by infrared sensrs, the advantages being able t use slar pwer due t reduced battery demand. It als allws higher lighting, which is signalling fr drivers and gives greater sense f security, but als darkness in residential streets nce services dn t perate. An example f a smarter decisins is in hw Cuncil prcesses lighting designs by develpers. Rather than relying n site by site designs, it has develped a layut schema f ples and circuits, with nminated lamp capacity set at increments higher than custm design (adjusted n activatin by Cuncil). This avids the need fr lighting designs, expediting the time fr apprvals and design csts fr develpers, and freeing the valuable time f Cuncil staff. Risks - Outcmes There are many cmmercial, technical, peratinal and financial risks with any investment in city infrastructure and scial / rganisatinal systems. The three biggest and majr risks are: Failure in the gvernance rle f the city, thrugh things such as inadvertently enabling and supprting a surveillance regime f citizens that can be abused and manipulated. This can include : Prtecting privacy, security Hlding, n-sell and use f data Unintended r inapprpriate scial utcmes eg uplift in prperty prices, lss f scial diversity eg silicn valley, respnd t r influence behaviurs Nt leveraging the rle f Cuncil in wning public space and hw it is used t btain the cmmercial benefits. Other majr risks that can have lng term r significant impacts

4 Reputatin eg nt delivering, lss f rle/service clarity Negtiating and engaging in Cmmercial deals that create cnflicts, have pr value r embed prblems fr Cuncil and thers Nt understanding the technlgy enugh when specifying and prcuring t ensure Vendr/technlgy capture Manipulatin by vested interests Dangers f Data Data that is publicly available, either given thrugh terms and cnditins r unsecured/pen transmissin can and is cllated fr business and surveillance. There are n effective cntrls f what can then be dne. The pens the smart city t scial cling and many frms f behaviur manipulatin. The use f Facebk metrics cmbined with paid placement/bsting f plitical material in the 2016 US electin shws sme f the ptential. The ther danger is that the smart is derived frm the data analysis and algrithms which are effectively beynd transparent review, may nt have rbust public plicy crrelatin, are nly prxies via what is measured t what is intended, and the use applicatin can drive rather than react t public behaviur. The public are generally naïve t the risk, and have little pprtunity t prtect themselves if they are t participate r perate in a smart city envirnment. It is essential and critical that a knwlegable citizen centric level f gvernment be a key player in the gvernance regime, and is legitimate fr lcal gvernment t d s as it is statutry pwers fr public space where the data is btained. In taking the lead fr the infrastructure fr data cllectin via cntrlled streetlighting r wide area LAN s, it can play this rle. Resurcing & Delivery Organisatinal capability & resurcing Smart City is an n-ging develpmental prcess nt a prject. Fr Cuncils t achieve utcmes in the area f smart city requires an integrated understanding f : gvernance framewrk (IT, IP, Legal) infrmatin hardware/technlgy This will invlve peple acrss the rganisatin in the areas f : technical lighting, electrical, IT rads, transprt, ples asset management, research statutry planning financial - budget, accunting, mdelling cmmunicatin - business cases, pliticians, partners & stakehlders educatin gvernance & legals prcurement & negtiatin envirnmental T be successful, it needs t be embedded int the psyche f the rganisatin, which means inclusin in IP&R plans, Delivery Plan, and cgnisance in ther tls such as plicies. The key is t have the mandate that the rganisatin is cmmitted. Behaviurs As smart cntrls and actuated street infrastructure are new areas fr Cuncil, there are peple risks invlved. In clearly recgnising and articulating these, they can be addressed. The 2 main behaviur types t lk fr are: Disengagement, avidance, insufficient effrt smene else s issue t hard desn t affect me risk avidance f mistakes r criticism t busy with traditinal wrk r what familiar with the lack f Standards and easy t use/find guides

5 just cpying ther prjects Plitics prceeding in ways that suit persnal agendas are manipulated fr ther reasns bx ticking (treating as a prject) Standards Existing standards fr rad related infrastructure and street lighting perate n a paradigm f cnstant fixed lighting levels, cvering the case f highest need. Adaptive lighting and actuating sensrs thrws this all int turmil. The nrmal bias t risk aversin where public liability is invlved can becme a barrier t innvatin and change. The time frame invlved fr the traditinal apprach t changing r develping standards will nt keep pace with the rate f change and pprtunity, and f expectatin by the public. The greatest gaps are nt in the technical areas f the lighting r cntrl technlgy per se, but in the relatinship with the use and safety f the technlgy fr the purpse f lighting public areas. Hwever, the lngetivity and perfrmance f LED luminaires which underpins the cntrl is still being tested as the technlgy develps, and the practical peratinal parameters fr this culd be cnsidered the street lighting standard. imprtance f gvernance, and identifying the need t incrprate this int discussin and develpment f smart city applicatins. References Innvatin Cities Prgram Definitin f Smart City, Christpher Hire, Executive Directr, 2thinknw ICP IPWEA Street Lighting & Smart Cntrls Radmap 3 rd Internatinal Street Lighting & Smart Cntrls Cnference - The Guardian Rise f the machines: wh is the internet f things gd fr? gy/2017/jun/06/internet-fthings-smart-hme-smartcity?cmp=sc_567 ntisfree/2017/jun/18/gglent-gchq--truly-chilling-spynetwrk?cmp=share_btn_fb Scial Cling, Tijmen Schep, The key element f experience based methdlgy and peer review prvides the IPWEA and lcal gvernment prfessinals with the unique ability t drive relevant standards develpment at the pace f smart city develpment. Cnclusin Smart Street Lighting is the challenge and pprtunity fr public wrks engineers t take the lead t be the enablers and leaders in smart cities. The experiences f the City f Ryde are valuable thrugh the technical knwledge, staff skills, and rganisatinal capacity, and are being ffered fr ther cities s that truly smart cities that serve the cmmunity well can becme a reality. This experience has als expsed and allwed critical thinking n the rle and