Integration of Measurement Equipment in a Matlab Environment for the Example of Radar Chirps

Transcription

1 Integration of Measurement Equipment in a Matlab Environment for the Example of Radar Chirps Špiro Moškov RF and Wireless Application Engineer Agilent Technologies Page 1

2 Agenda Signal creation and instrument interfacing Signal and data analysis MATLAB features for Signal Sources and Signal Analysis Page 2

3 Many Ways for Waveforms Geneartion + Benchlink Waveform Editor Agilent SystemVue 1) Agilent Signal Studio for Pulse Building & Multi-Tone 1) Agilent Wideband Waveform Creator Page 3

4 Why Use MATLAB for Signal Creation & Analysis? Strong data analysis environment Create and test a new commercial protocols Create or test a secret, classified, or secure protocol Instrument does not support your new standard Want to modify a mod/demod algorithm Equalizer or channel compensation Receive custom filter Develop interactive or automated test systems Automatically generate reports and share results Page 4

5 Signal Creation How do I create the waveforms? General Programming Languages MATLAB Complete software environment for signal creation and signal processing Create signals for new or proprietary protocols Direct communication to the instrument (using Instrument Control Toolbox) Suitable for creating simple or complex ARB based signals Agilent Signal Studio Format-specific signals including GSM and WLAN Industry validated waveforms Modify large number of parameters within standard Creates ARB and real-time based signals Page 5

6 Instrument Control Toolbox Enables MATLAB to control and transfer data with instruments such as signal analyzers, signal sources, and oscilloscopes Integrate instruments into MATLAB applications and Simulink models Interactive tool for detecting and controlling instruments Automatic code generation for faster and easier implementation Support for IVI, VXIplug&play, and MATLAB instrument drivers Support for common communication protocols (VISA, GPIB, LAN, RS-232, USB) Visit for available Agilent instrument drivers Page 6

7 Connecting to the e.g. Signal Analyzer Control Instrumentation with SCPI-Command Create basic TCPIP connection. mxa_ip = ' '; mxa_port = 5025; mxa = tcpip(mxa_ip,mxa_port); fopen(mxa); SCPI commands are shown explicitly: fprintf(mxa,':freq:cent 1 GHz'); Queries look like this... fprintf(mxa,':band:res?'); rbw = str2double(fgets(mxa));... or use this query function. swp = str2double(query(mxa,':swe:time?')); Page 7

8 Basic Data Acquisition Methods for synchronizing MATLAB & e.g. MXA 1. Asynchronous: MATLAB reads MXA as fast/often as it can, regardless of MXA sweep rate 2. Synchronous: uses :INIT:IMM;*OPC?' ; to take exactly one complete sweep per read; MATLAB is blocked during sweep 3. Timer: uses MATLAB timer to read MXA at timed periodic intervals, regardless of MXA sweep rate Getting data Swept trace IQ vectors (from IQ Analyzer mode, and "Basic mode) Markers, marker table, measurement functions, etc. Page 8

9 Simplified Block Diagram of a Signal Generator IQ Modulator Synthesizer 90º Amp I Q Baseband Generator Reference Oscillator MATLAB Signal Studio Page 9

10 High-Precision AWG Example: Pulsed Radar Pulsed Radar: Linear Chirp spanning 2 GHz. Pulse width: 6 s Fs = 7.2 GHz, with amplitude correction 10

11 High-Precision AWG Example: Pulsed Radar Pulsed Radar: Linear Chirp spanning 2 GHz. Pulse width: 6 s Fs = 7.2 GHz, with amplitude correction 2 GHz 11

12 Signal Generation Setups IQ Modulation Differential I/Q signals Modulation BW up to 2 GHz RF up to 44 GHz PCIe M8190A Marker output Pulse mod. input E8267D, Opt. 016 RF/IF out Direct IF/RF PCIe RF/IF/ DATA out IF/RF up to 5 GHz Modulation BW up to 2 x (4.5 GHz IF) Data up to 3 Gb/s M8190A Page 12

13 Analog I/Q Modulation vs. Digital I/Q Up- AWG Conversion Analog I/Q modulation Analog I and Q signals are generated using an AWG. An I/Q modulator generates the IF or RF signal Memory Memory D/ A D/ A Analog IQ Modulator ~ X 90 X + Digital up-conversion I/Q modulation is performed digitally either in real-time (in hardware) or up-front in software AWG Memory Memory ~ X 90 X + D/ A Mixer / Multiplier / LO X ~ Digital signal Analog signal 13

14 Analog I/Q Modulation Example (3/4) Adjusting the differential offset of the I and Q signals reduces the carrier feed-through Theoretical signal 14

15 Amplitude Correction Setup AWG and spectrum analyzer are remotely controlled by a PC running an equalization routine Remote Control AWG Magnitude of each tone in the multi-tone signal is measured and frequency response stored in a file PC running Multi-tone and equalization routine Vector Signal Generator Pre-distorted multi-tone signal can be calculated Spectrum Analyzer 15

16 Analog I/Q Modulation Example (4/4) With amplitude correction, the frequency response can be adjusted to be flat within less than 0.5 db Theoretical signal 16

17 Complete 60 GHz Tx/Rx Test Solution N7652B Waveform Creator 81180A AWG I/Q Data 5GHz N5152A 5GHz/60GHz U.C. Differential I/Q DSA90804A Digital Signal Analyzer 89601A Vector Signal Analyzer N8999A Wideband Modulation Analyzer 8267D I/Q Modulation N5183A-520 Local Oscillator Reference Unit "Golden Radio" DUT N5183A-520 MXG 5GHz Signal and Modulation tests PSA / PXA / MXA / EXA N1999A 60GHz/5GHz D.C. Spectrum tests

18 Integration of Measurement Equipment in a Matlab Environment for the Example of Radar Chirps Thanks for Your Attention 18

19 Supplement/Backup Slides 19

20 Various ways to analyse and measure Measures amplitude over time Calculates f (FFT) with limited amplitude resolution f resolution vs. memory depth Oszilloskop Measure broadband only No selectivity Limited Dynamic range No phase information Power Meter Network Analyzer Measures what it generates Very narrowband only Multi-receiver instrument No signal information analysis Phase! Spectrum Analyzer Can integrate total power in band Spectrum & signal analysis Wide dynamic range Excellent selectivity Page 20

21 89600 Series VSA Software: Measurement platforms Spectrum analyzers (dynamic range, VHF/UHF/ W tuning range) PSA ESA EXA/MXA Scopes (ultra-wide analysis bandwidth, BB-IQ analysis) DSO6000 / DSO7000 / DSO8000 / DSO80000 / DSO90000 VXI based VSAs (multi-channel BB & RF, memory) 89610S / 11S / 40S / 41S Logic analyzers (FPGA, ASIC digital buses) 1680 / 90 / 800 Other ADS design/simulation Simulink (MatLab) N4010 N5110 ESG, PSG 21

22 Complex Radar Signal Simulation for Rx Digital Baseband Signal Injection Digital Signal Processor (range and Doppler FFT) Radar Data Processor (tracking loops, etc.) Baseband I/Q Signal Injection MMI IF Signal Injection RF Signal Injection ANTENNA LNA Receiver Protection RF ADC S/H LPF BB AMP 0 o SPLITTER Frequency Agile LO COHO LIMITER LPF 90 o 2 nd IFA IF BPF 1st IFA IF BPF ADC Baseband S/H LPF BB AMP LO Substitution 2 nd LO RADAR RECEIVER / SIGNAL PROCESSOR IF

23 Complex Radar Signal Simulation for Tx COHO Waveform Generator BPF AMP RF BPF PREDRIVER AMP PULSED POWER Tx DUPLEXOR Baseband STALO IF PRF Generator Pulse Modulator ANT RF Frequency Agile LO Baseband I/Q Signal Injection IF Signal Injection RF Signal Injection

24 Simplified Block Diagram of a Signal Generator IQ Modulator Synthesizer 90º Amp I Q Baseband Generator Reference Oscillator MATLAB Signal Studio Page 24

25 Vector Analog Agilent Portfolio of Signal Generators Basic Performance Mid- Performance High Performance N9310A 3 GHz MXG 1, 3, 6, 20, 32, 40 GHz ESG E8663D PSG 3, 6 GHz 3.2, 9 GHz 20, 32, 40, 50, 67 GHz 325 GHz Signal Studio Software N9310A 3 GHz MXG 3, 6 GHz PXB ESG PSG Baseband 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 GHz 20, 32, 44 GHz Page 25

26 Agilent Vector Signal Generators Product E4438C ESG E8267D PSG N5182A MXG N5106A PXB Frequency range 250 khz to 6 GHz 250 khz to 44 GHz 250 khz to 6 GHz Up to 4 IQ 60 MHz Ext analog I/Q inputs BW 160 MHz 160 MHz or 2 GHz (wideband) 160 MHz n.a. Internal BB BW 80 MHz 80 MHz 100 MHz 160 MHz Sample rate 100 MSa/s 100 MSa/s 125 MSa/s 200 Msa/s Playback memory 8 or 64 MSa (320 MB) 64 MSa (320 MB) 8 or 64 MSa (320 MB) 512 MSa (2 GB) Analog I/Q YES YES YES YES (output only) Digital I/Q YES YES No YES Fading YES YES No YES Modulation Analog Real-time I/Q Arbitrary I/Q waveform External I/Q inputs Analog Real-time I/Q Arbitrary I/Q waveform External I/Q inputs Analog Arbitrary I/Q waveform External I/Q inputs Arbitrary I/Q waveforms External digital bus Output power +17 to -136 dbm +18 to -130 dbm +13 to -127 dbm 2 Vpp (+ 10 dbm) SSB phase noise (20 khz offset) -134 dbc/hz (at 1 GHz) -115 dbc/hz (at 10 GHz) -121 dbc/hz (at 1 GHz) Switching speed < 9 ms < 8 ms < 1.2 ms Level accuracy 0.5 to 1.5 db 0.6 to 2.0 db 0.6 to 1.7 db Harmonics -30 dbc 28 to 55 dbc 30 to 44 dbc -30 dbc Spurious 41 to 80 dbc 50 to 80 dbc 42 to 61 dbc < -76 dbc (typ) Jitter (@ 622 MHz, 5 MHz BW) 46 µui 25 µui 47 µui Page 26

27 ****AGILENT CONFIDENTIAL****NDA REQUIRED****AGILENT CONFIDENTIAL****NDA REQUIRED**** Price Agilent X-Series Signal Analysis An evolutionary approach to signal analysis that spans instrumentation, measurements and software N9320B Basic-performance 9 khz to 3 GHz Jul 08 X-Series Signal Analysis Just got better.. CXA X-Series Sep 09 Low-cost 9 khz to 7.5 GHz ESA World s most popular 100 Hz to 26.5 GHz 856xEC Mid- performance Sep 07 EXA X-Series Economy-class 9 khz to 26.5 GHz Performance PSA Market leading performance 3 Hz to 50 GHz Sep 06 MXA X-Series Mid-performance 20 Hz to 26.5 GHz Expanded backward code compatibility with 856xE/EC, 66/68 on PXA/MXA/EXA NEW Sep 09 PXA Sep 09 X-Series High-performance 3 Hz to 26.5 GHz VSA software Premier analysis & troubleshooting NEW Page 27

28 PXA Simplified Block Diagram 140 MHz BW (option B1X) Front End 140 MHz ADC FPGA 3 Hz-26.5 GHz Input GHz high band 2 db-step mech atten Low noise path μw preamp YIG filter with bypass relay X GHz X GHz GHz LO μw converters F 0 =300 MHz 400 MHz CLK 40 MHz BW (option B40) 40 MHz ADC F 0 =250 MHz 200 MHz CLK Cal input 25 MHz 10.9M.3M 1 db-step electronic atten RF converter 4.8 GHz LO 140 MHz F 0 =322.5 MHz Switched filters, F 0 =322.5 MHz RF preamp Linearity Corrections GHz LO F 0 =5.1 GHz 2nd converter 966K 303K 79K 9K ADC 100 MHz CK FPGA 3 Hz-3.6 GHz low band 300 MHz LO Switched filters, F 0 =22.5 MHz Swept IF & 10 MHz BW & 25 MHz BW (option B25) Page 28

29 PXA Signal Analyzer N9030A Performance that maximizes signal insight Money Specification Conditions PSA Spectrum Analyzer PXA Signal Analyzer Frequency range 3 Hz to 6.7/13.2/26.5/44/50 GHz 3 Hz to 3.6/8.4/13.6/26.5 GHz TOI 2 GHz 12 GHz +17 dbm +8 dbm >+20 dbm +17 dbm DANL (w/out Pre-amp)* 2 GHz 12 GHz -153 dbm -150 dbm NFE** LNP** BOTH w/o NFE Φ Noise 10 khz offset 1 MHz offset -117 dbc/hz -145 dbc/hz -128 dbc/hz <-145 dbc/hz Amplitude accuracy Warranted 95% confidence 0.62 db 0.19 db 0.52 db 0.19 db Analysis BW 10, 40, 80 MHz 10, 25, 40, 140 MHz IF frequency response (over max available BW, >3.6 GHz W-CDMA ACPR Preset # Noise correction 0.63 db to 1.13 db 0.63 db, ( 1.13 db) -75 dbc -81 dbc -80 dbc -83 dbc 3 rd order dynamic range 2 GHz 12 GHz 113 db 105 db 115 db 112 db Speed rating * Prelim 1 Hz RBW, Preamp is off; ** NFE = Noise Floor Extension technology; LNP = low noise path # Preset in PXA uses factory calibration of the noise floor, NFE. Page 29

30 Agilent X-Series Comparisons Money Spec CXA EXA MXA PXA Frequency Range 9 khz to 3/7.5 GHz 9 khz to 3.6/7/13.6/26.5 GHz 20 Hz to 3.6/8.4/13.6/26.5 GHz 3 Hz to 3.6/8.4/13.6/26.5 GHz Analysis BW 10 MHz 10 MHz 10, 25 MHz 10/25/40/140 MHz Amplitude Acc (to 3 GHz, 95% confidence) ± 1.4 db 0.5 db ±1.0 db 0.27 db ±0.78 db 0.23 db 0.52 db 0.19 db TOI (at 2 GHz, 18 GHz) DANL (NFE) (at 2 GHz, 18 GHz) + 13 dbm +13 dbm +9 dbm -142 dbm/hz -146 dbm/hz -137 dbm/hz +16 dbm +10 dbm -151 dbm/hz -143 dbm/hz >+20 dbm >+13 dbm -152 (-156, -160)* dbm <-147 (-151,-155)* dbm Preamp off Φ Noise (1 khz offset 1MHz offset) -90 dbc/hz -117 dbc/hz -98 dbc/hz -130 dbc/hz -103 dbc/hz -133 dbc/hz -120 dbc/hz -145 dbc/hz W-CDMA ACPR ( noise correction) 3 rd order dynamic range RF/uW Common X-Series -60, -63 dbc -68, -74 dbc -73, -78 dbc >81, -83 dbc 102 db 106/97 db 113/104 db 115/112 db Common measurements, Same UI, Same SW, 100% CC, Speed Price $12-16k USD $17-35k USD $30k - 47k USD $50-65k USD Page 30 * NFE SAD Product Marketing Agilent Confidential 13 May 2011

31 MATLAB Software Available from Agilent MATLAB software can now be purchased directly from Agilent with the purchase of EXA, MXA, and PSA signal and spectrum analyzers. Three MATLAB packages available (as option N6171A). Key uses: 1. Create, modify, and execute your own X-series applications 2. Automate measurements 3. Execute and test custom modulation schemes 4. Analyze, filter, and visualize data 5. Configuration and control instruments 6. Generate arbitrary waveforms 7. Build test systems MATLAB N6171A product page at Page 31

32 N6171A MATLAB for Signal Analyzers Agilent Ordering Number Description Additional Information N6171A -M01 MATLAB - Basic Signal Analysis Package Includes MATLAB and Instrument Control Toolbox used and provides an introductory MATLAB software package for configuring and controlling Agilent instruments. N6171A -M02 MATLAB - Standard Signal Analysis Package Adds Communications Toolbox and Signal Processing Toolbox and provides a typical MATLAB software package for developing X-series applications, signal filtering, testing modulation schemes. N6171A -M03 MATLAB - Advanced Signal Analysis Package Adds Filter Design Toolbox and RF Toolbox for advanced filter design methods and testing radio frequency (RF) components. Note: MATLAB software is now also available for purchase with Agilent InfiniiVision and Infiniium oscilloscopes. (Visit for more information.) Page 32

33 Where to find more information N6171A MATLAB Software for Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) and PSA Spectrum Analyzers This MATLAB resource page includes access to free downloadable X-series applications, MATLAB code examples, white papers, and information on acquiring MATLAB software. Overview of using MATLAB with Agilent Instruments Agilent Spectrum Analyzer Platforms PSA: MXA: EXA: ESA: CSA: General: MATLAB software is now also available as options with Agilent InfiniiVision and Infiniium series oscilloscopes: Page 33 Agilent Confidential

34 Agilent Infiniium Series of Oscilloscopes Specification Infiniium 9000A Specification Infiniium 90000A Specification Infiniium X Bandwidth 600MHz 4GHz Bandwidth 2.5GHz 13GHz Bandwidth 16GHz 32GHz Sample Rate 20GSa/s / 10GSa/s Sample Rate 40GSa/s / 20GSa/s Sample Rate 80GSa/s / 40GSa/s Standard Memory 10M Standard Memory 10M Standard Memory 10M Max Memory 1G Max Memory 1G Max Memory 2G 600MHz 1GHz 2.5GHz 4GHz 6GHz 8GHz 12GHz 13GHz 16GHz 20GHz 32GHz 34

35 Engineered for true analog bandwidth that delivers The highest measurement accuracy When you need the highest measurement accuracy your scope must deliver the: N o i s e Highest true analog bandwidth so you get the most accurate representation of fast edges Lowest oscilloscope noise floor so you get the most accurate representation of voltage level for precise threshold placement Lowest real-time oscilloscope jitter so you re using your jitter budget on your design, not your scope Jitter BW N o i s e BW Jitter

36 Infiniium X-Series Oscilloscopes Engineered for true analog bandwidth that delivers The highest real-time scope measurement accuracy Complete 30 GHz oscilloscope probing system The industry s most comprehensive applicationspecific measurement software Bandwidth upgradeable for investment protection 6 New Scope Models DSO/DSA91604A DSO/DSA92004A DSO/DSA92504A DSO/DSA92804A DSO/DSA93204A Analog Bandwidth (2 ch) 16 GHz 20 GHz 25 GHz 28 GHz 32 GHz Max Sample Rate (2 ch/4 ch) 80/40 GSA/s 80/40 GSA/s 80/40 GSA/s 80/40 GSA/s 80/40 GSA/s Std Memory 10M 10M 10M 10M 10M Max Memory 2 Gpts 2 Gpts 2 Gpts 2 Gpts 2 Gpts 50mV/div 1.34 mv 1.53 mv 1.77 mv 1.89 mv 2.08 mv Jitter Measurement Floor 150 fs rms 150 fs rms 150 fs rms 150 fs rms 150 fs rms Base Price DSO Model $131,000 $160,000 $199,000 $226,000 $266,000 Base Price DSA Model * $148,000 $178,000 $217,000 $245,000 $286,000

37 N7652B Wideband Waveform Creator Software Create a library of individually configurable waveform segments Select waveform segment format from (WiHD, WiGig etc.) Fully parameterized encoding drag and drop to create required composite waveform in the editor Add noise and userdefinable predistortion (e.g. for uplink compensation) Set final sampling rate to match AWG Download direct to AWG or to File

38 Test results using Wideband Analysis Software 38