射頻微波通訊電路設計 RF/Microwave Communication Circuits Design

Transcription

1 射頻微波通訊電路設計 RF/Microwave Communication Circuits Design Huey-Ru Chuang CCE/EE NCKU 莊惠如成功大學電通所 / 電機工程系 2014 Interference signals Desired Channel c Interference signals BPF response Desired Channel c LNA SHM GHz AMC On-chip Balanced Yagi-antenna On-chip Balun-filter Merged T/R Switch PA IFout LOin RFin On-chip RF BPF On-chip Balun U/B This work E H RoC: Radio-on-Chip 102 年度 ( 下 ) 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

2 射頻微波通訊電路設計 RF/Microwave Communication Circuits Design 2013 Huey-Ru Chuang CCE/EE NCKU 莊惠如成功大學電通所 / 電機工程系 Textbook Mcrowave & RF Design of Wireless Systems Microwave Engineering (2 nd or 3 rd Ed) RF Circuit Design: Theory & Applications (2 nd Ed) RF Microelectronics RF Circuit Design (including RFIC design) David M. Pozar David M. Pozar R. Ludwig & P. Bretchko B. Razavi Richard Chi-Hsi Li Reference books RF/MW Circuits Design (Active & Passive) -Microwave Transistor Amplifiers : Analysis and Design G. Gonzalez 2nd Edition (a famous microwave circuit textbook) -Solid-State Microwave Amplifier Design Tri T. Ha -Microwave Engineering and Systems Applications E. A. Wolff -Introduction to Microwave Circuit: Radio Fequency& Design Applications Robert Weber -Radio Fequency & Microwave Communication Circuit D. Misra -Design of Amplifier & Oscillator Circuit Design by S-Parameters Method G. Vendelin - RF/Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless Applications Ulrich L. Rhode -Practical Microstrip Circuit Design L. Trinogga -Foundations for Microstrip Circuit Design T. Edwards -Microwave Engineering using Microstrip Circuits E. H. Fooks -Practical RF Handbok Ian Hickman - 無線通訊射頻晶片模組射計 - 射頻系統篇, 射頻晶片篇 張盛富, 張嘉展 RFIC/MMIC -RF Microelectronics (for CMOS RFIC) -Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (2 nd edition) B. Razavi Thomas H Lee RF Communicatioin Systems Characteristics: - Practical RF System Design William F. Egan -RF Design Guide : Systems, Circuits, and Equations Peter Vizmuller RF/Microwave CAD Software Agilent AppCAD Advanced Design System (ADS)/Momentum RF Ansoft Designer / Ensemble / HFSS IE3D Sonnet CTS Microwave Office RF/Microwave Journal IEEE Microwave Theory & Techniques (MTT), Microwave Magzine IEEE Microwave & Wireless Components Letter (MWCL) IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits (JSSC) International Solid-State Circuit Conference (ISSCC) Microwave Journal RF & Microwave RF Design (Industry) 國家晶片系統設計中心 (Chip Implement Center: CIC) CICC Designer s Guide Community Microwaves101 encyclopedia 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

3 Course Contents 2013 CH0 Wireless Communication RF/Microwave Circuit Design & RFIC Trend: Brief Introduction CH1 Introduction to Wireless Communication Systems - Microwave Propagation: Friis Power Transmission Formula - Noise in RF and Microwave Circuits: Noise Figure - Communication Link Budget and S/N Ratio (SNR) Calculation - Nonlinear Effect: Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) 3rd Intercept Points (IP3) Dynamic Range - Wireless RF Transceiver Architecture Appendix: Communication System Aspects of Antennas (Fundamental Antenna Characteristics & Parameters) CH2 Microwave Network Analysis - S-, Z- & Y- Parameters - ABCD Matrix -Touchstone File Forma - Two-Port & Multiport Networks CH3 Transmission Lines & RF PASSIVE COMPONENTS - Transmission Lines Overview - Microstrip Lines, Strip Lines, CPW CH4 Microwave Passive Components: Power Dividers, Directional Couplers, & Hybrids - Wilkinson Power Divider - Branch Line Directional Coupler - Coupled Line Coupler - Lange Coupler - Ring Hybrid CH5 Impedance Matching & Tuning - L, T, & matching Networks - Smith Chart Tool - Single-Stub & Double-Stub Matching Appendix: Smith Chart CH6 RF/Microwave Filters - Image Parameter Method, Insertion Loss Method, Filter Transformation - Filter Implementation by Microstrip Lines - Stepped-Impedance Low-Pass Filters CH7 RF/Microwave Resonators CH8 Active RF/Microwave Communication Circuits: Amplifier - General Transistor Amplifier Design - Maximum Gain (Conjugate Matching) Amplifier Design - Constant Gain Amplifier Design - Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) - Broadband Amp - Power Amp (PA) CH9 Active RF/Microwave Communication Circuits: Mixer - Mixer Theory -Single-ended Mixer -Single-balanced Mixer -Double-balanced Mixer - Image-Rejection Mixer - FET Mixer CH10 Active RF/Microwave Communication Circuits: Oscillator CH11 Active RF/Microwave Communication Circuits: VCO & Frequency Synthesizer CH12 Wireless Communication Transmitter/Receiver RF Characteristics -Transmitter -EVM & ACPR - Receiver Sensitivity & Selectivity Prof. H.-R. Chuang, RF Lecture Notes, CCE/EE, NCKU URL: Prof. K.-W. Chenng, RFIC Lecture Notes, CCE/EE, NCKU Prof. E. Sanchez-Sinencio, CMOS RF Lecture Notes, Dept. of ECE, Texas A&M URL: Prof. M. H. Perrott, High Speed Communication Circuits Lecture Notes, Dept. of EECS, MIT URL: Prof. A. M. Niknejad, Lecture Notes, Dept. of EECS, UC Berkeley URL: (1/3) (2/3) (3/3) 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

4 Tx Transmitter Transmitting Antenna L TLt Gt background noise tempature T b Transmission SWR Line t transmitting antenna P t radiation pattern antenna input mismatch t Radiowave (Microwave) Communication Link 無線電波 ( 微波 ) 通訊鏈路 wave polarization (E field direction) distance R E EIRP H Receiving Antenna Gr r Tp LTL r Tp SWR Transmission r Line P r Si receiving antenna pattern Ni L ftr T p antenna input mismatch G RF F RF Filter (passive) LNA 電磁通訊 or 射頻通訊 G M F M Mixer IF Amp LO G IF F IF Receiver RF Frontend S o No LPF cos c t o 90 t sin c LPF I Q 數位訊號通訊 發射機 傳輸線 ( 導波管 ) 發射天線電波傳播路徑接收天線傳輸線 ( 導波管 ) 接收機射頻前端 ( 數位 ) 訊號通訊 (EM) Microwave Theory Signal Wave Propagation Communication Theory RF Engineering ( 射頻工程 ) Random Signals Wireless Standards Multiple Access RF/Microwave Devices MEMS( 微機電 ) Nano ( 奈米科技 ) IC Design (RFIC/MMIC) CAD Tools Transceiver Architectures *B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics (for CMOS RFIC) * RFIC/MMIC: radio-frequency/monothnic-microwave integrated circuit 射頻 (RF:radio frequency) 廣義定義 : 無電收發機從天線下來至中頻 (IF) 前之電路次系統 狹義定義 : 目前無線行動通訊所用之頻率範圍以由 < 3GHz 提高至 5 GHz (WLAN a) or even higher to 10 GHz (UWB: ultrawideband wireless communication) 微波 (MW: microwave) > 4 GHz (?) 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

5 * Matthew M. Radmanesh, Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics, Prentice Hall, 2001 (RF: Radio Frequency 射頻 ; MW: Microwave 微波 ) 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

6 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

7 60 GHz WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Network) Wireless HDMI(High Definition Multimedia Interface): WirelessHD 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

8 Microwave/Millimter-wave Life Detection System (MLDS) for Noncontact Human Vital-Signs Sensing (Cardiorespiratory Doppler Radar) 微波 / 毫米波人體呼吸心跳訊號非接觸式感測系統 電磁通訊研究室 CCE/EE NCKU

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22 David M. Pozar Microwave & RF Design of Wireless Systems

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27 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 無線微波通訊系統 * David M. Pozar, Microwave & RF Design of Wireless Systems (Ch 1) * U. L. Rhode, RF/Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless Applications (Ch 1) * S. S. Saunders, Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication Systems * C. Balanis, Antenna Theory and Design, (Ch 1, 2) * B. Razabi, RF Microelectronics, Ch 1,2 * L. Larson, RF and Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless Communications, Microwave Communication Systems - Antenna Radiation & Propagation Parameters - Friis Power Transmission Equation Noise in Microwave Systems - Noise Figure - Noise characterization of a Microwave Receiver - Communication Link S/N-Ratio (SNR) Calculation Nonlinear Distortion Characteristics - Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) - 2nd-order & 3rd-order Intercept Points (IP2 & IP3) - Spurious-Free Dynamic Range *Radar Systems - Radar Cross Section (RCS) : rcs - Radar Equation *Electronic Warfare - Electronic Countermeasure (ECM) Appendix : System Aspects of Antennas : Antenna Characteristics and Paramet

28 CHAPTER 2 MICROWAVE NETWORK ANALYSIS 微波網路分析 R. Ludwig RF Circuit Design: Theory & Applications (Ch 4,3,2) D. M. Pozar Microwave & RF Design of Wireless Systems D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering E. H. Fooks Microwave Engineering using Microstrip Circuits T. Edwards Foundations for Microstrip Circuit Design L. A. Trinogga Practical Microstrip Circuit Design R. Elliott An Introduction to Guided Waves and Microwave Circuits R. Collin Foundation of Microwave Engineering Scattering Matrix : S-Parameters N-Port and Two-Port Networks Touchstone File Format of S-Parameters ABCD Matrix Signal Flow Graphs* V 2, I 2 V 3,I 3 V 2,I 2 t 2 t 3 V 3, I 3 V 1,I 1 S V 4,I 4 t 1 t 4 V 1, I 1 V 4, I 4 t N V N, I N V N, I N

29 CHAPTER 3 TRANSMISSION LINES: MICROSTRIP LINE AND STRIPLINE R. Ludwig RF Circuit Design: Theory & Applications (Ch 2) D. M. Pozar Microwave & RF Design of Wireless Systems D. M. Pozar Microwave Engineering Fooks, Microwave Engineering Using Microstrip Circuits (Ch 3,4) Edward, Foundations for Microstrip Circuit Design L. A. Trinogga, Practical Microstrip Circuit Design R. Elliot, An Introduction to Guided Waves and Microwave Circuits * rigorous electromagnetic treatment R. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering R. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Wave Introduction to Transmission-Lines General Transmission-Line Equations Microstrip Line - Quasi-TEM approximate curve-fitting formulas - Approximate electrostatic solution - HP AppCAD results Stripline Microstrip PCB Substarte MIC & MMIC Microstrip and Strip Transmission Lines y t t (metal strip thickness) W d (or h) Ex y substrate r x H x Quasi-TEM wave E H

30 Introduction to Wireless Communication Systems 2.4GHz Bluetooth CMOS RFIC CSR * University of San Diego EEE 194 : RF & Microwave Engineering class note RF/Microwave CAD Software Agilent AppCAD (DOS & Window 2000) Touchstone/ Libra Teledyne RF Toolbox Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS)/Momentum RF Ansoft Serenade / Harmonica / Symphony / Ensemble / HFSS CTS Microwave Office IE3D Sonnet -MIC & MMIC Amplifiers and Oscillators Allen Sweet Micromixer Wi-MAX

31 Interference signals Desired Channel c Receive Band Interference signals f c Interference signal Low Noise Amp (LNA) 低雜訊放大器 Downconverted Desired Signal c 0 Rx Mixer 接收混頻器 Downconverted Interference Signal ("spreaded" by LO phase noise and contamiate desired signal) IQ-DEMOD 解調 I Rx 接收 Receiving BPF 帶通濾波器 BPF 帶通濾波器 BPF 帶通濾波器 LO Phase Noise 相位雜訊 90 o Tx 發射 Tramsmitting T/R Switch 發射 / 接收開關 + N +P/P+1 REF LPF 低通濾波器 VCO 電壓控制振盪器 ( 壓控振盪器 ) LO T/R Switch 發射 / 接收開關 Frequency Synthesizer 頻率合成器 0 Q Desired Tx Signal LPF 低通濾波器 Power Amp (PA) 功率放大器 to Micro-controller BPF/LPF 帶通濾波器 / 低通濾波器 LPF 低通濾波器 IQ-MOD 調變 I c Desired Tx Signal Harmonics c 2 c 3 c PA Controller Desired Tx Signal c to Controller Tx Mixer 發射混頻器 90 o Q

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34 高頻電路 High-Frequency Circuits 射頻電路 RF (Radio Frequency) Circuits 微波電路 Microwave Circuits 射頻微波 ( 通訊 ) 電路 RF/Microwave (Communication) Circuits 射頻微波積體電路 RF/Microwave Integrated Circuits (MIC) Hybrid 單晶微波積體電路 Monothilic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMIC) 單晶射頻積體電路 Monothilic RF Integrated Circuits (RFIC) 單晶射頻微波積體電路 Monothilic RF/Microwave Integrated Circuits (RFIC/MMIC) 射頻微波 / 毫米波通訊電路設計 RF/Microwave/MM-Wave Communication Circuits Design Millmeter-wave (MM-Wave): 毫米波 Syllabus (Course Outline)