Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Transcription

1 I. Introduction Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-1

2 About Title Instructor 周健军 Teaching Assistant 李哲 Lectures and Labs, every Monday (14:00-15:45pm) and Thursday class lectures (24 hours) No Class on Oct. 1, Monday, National Holiday ( 国庆节 ) 2 class presentations (4 hours) 2 lab sessions (4 hours) Office Hours Mon 12:00-14:00pm (TA office: 406/Prof office 413) Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-2

3 Survival Kit References B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice-Hall, T. H. Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, 2 nd edition, Cambridge University Press, Gu, Qizheng, RF System Design of Transceivers for Wireless Communications,Springer, IEEE ISSCC/CICC/RFIC/VLSI Symposium Proceedings IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits (JSSC)/TCAS I&II Prerequisites Analog IC Design Communication Theory Semiconductor Physics and Devices Signal and System Tool: Cadence SpectreRF Website SOME 网上课程 Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-3

4 Grading Policy Home Assignments (40%) Class assignments Design and hand analysis oriented Attendance (class and lab) also counts No late work accepted Lab (10%) project assignments SpectreRF simulation oriented Final Project (40%) Circuit design/report Project Presentation (10%) Only the ones giving presentations get this 10%; No Written Final Exam! Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-4

5 Course Outline I. Introduction II. RFIC System Overview III. Low Noise Amplifiers IV. Mixers V. Voltage-Controlled-Oscillator VI. Phase-Locked-Loop VII. Power Amplifiers Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-5

6 Course Schedule Classes content Assignment comment /Sessions 1 I. Introduction 2-3 II. RFIC System Overview Homework III Low Noise Amplifiers Homework 2 6 Lab 1 Spectre Introduction and LNA Design Final Project Assignment 7-8 IV Mixers Homework V Voltage-Controlled-Oscillators Homework 4 11 Lab 2 Mixer and VCO Design Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-6

7 Course Schedule cont. cont. Classes /Sessions content VI Phase-Locked-Loop Assignment 14 VII Power Amplifiers Final Project Presentation Final Project Due No Final Exam Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-7

8 CMOS CDMA Transmitter IC Qualcomm Inc. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-8

9 北斗 /GPS 接收器芯片 CARFIC, SJTU 软件可重构的射频 SoC 架构 同时支持 GPS L1 Galileo E1 BD B1 等频点的多模多频接收 ; 可演进的射频 SOC 架构 可顺利过渡到多模 多频下一代射频导航芯片架构 ; 多数电路 IP 可复用 Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-9

10 Contents A Nonlinear History of Radio Introduction Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC) Conclusion Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-10

11 A Nonlinear History of Radio Some fascinating stories are rarely told because they tend to fail into the cracks between history and engineering curricula. Columbia s Philosophy Hall. Armstrong Developed FM radio in its basement lab Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-11

12 History of Radio James Clerk Maxwell ( ) Scottish physicist, widely considered by 20th and 21st century physicists to have been one of the most significant figures of the 19th century. His work fundamentally changed conceptions of electromagnetism and introduced the basis of field theory. He is also known for his work on thermodynamics and the kinetic theory of gases. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-12

13 History of Radio Heinrich Rudolf Hertz ( ) He was the first to verify experimentally Maxwell s prediction that electromagnetic waves exist and propagate with a finite velocity. His transmitters worked on this simple idea : discharge a coil across a spark gap and hook up some kind of an antenna to launch a wave (unintentionally) rich in harmonics. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-13

14 History of Radio Guglielmo Marconi ( ) Guglielmo Marconi was born at Bologna, Italy. For his radio experiments Marconi simply copied Hertz s transimitter and tinkered like crazy with the sole intent to use the system for wireless communication. In 1900 he took out his famous patent for "tuned or synchronic telegraphy" and, on an historic day in December 1901, determined to prove that wireless waves were not affected by the curvature of the Earth, he used his system for transmitting the first wireless signals across the Atlantic between Poldhu, Cornwall, and St. John's, Newfoundland, a distance of 2100 miles. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-14

15 History of Radio Edwin Howard Armstrong ( ) De Forest did not however understand how his invention worked, and others had to explain it to him. The American inventor Edwin H. Armstrong was the first to explain the correct operation of this device, and also to improve it to the point where it could actually provide useful amplification. After having invented both the regenerative and superheterodyne receivers, he wasn t content to rest. Armstrong in 1922,invented a quasiperiocally time-varying,nonlinear system. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-15

16 Contents A Nonlinear History of Radio Introduction Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC) Conclusion Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-16

17 Industry Companies: Qualcomm, Intel, Broadcom, TI, ST, Freescale, Marvell, MTK, Hisilicon, 展讯, RDA Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-17

18 Academic Ranking in Analog/RF IC academic programs: 0.UC Berkeley 1.Stanford 2.UCLA/KU Leuven (IMEC) 3.UCSD 4.MIT/Oregon State/TAMU/Caltech 5.UCDavis/Ohio State/UFL/UW Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-18

19 The Partition Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-19

20 Will Analog/RF ICs Vanish? The advantages of digital IC Robustness Programmability Flexibility Analog ICs are in strong demand, at least for now The physical world is in analog We need: ADC/DAC, analog pre-processing and post-processing, such as amplification, filtering and equalization RF ICs are everywhere for all wireless communication systems Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-20

21 Analog/RF is everywhere RF Wireless-Channels Voice Data Imaging Processing Transceiver Transceiver Processing Voice Data Imaging wireless information transfer system block diagram Typical applications: Cellular phones WLAN RFID Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-21

22 Where RF? Higher data rate transmissions higher operation frequencies (RF circuits) Higher clock-rate of CPU (>4GHz) RF circuits Wireless ID RF circuits Missiles RF circuits Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-22

23 Wireless Communication Bands Designation Frequency Wavelength P-band GHz cm L-band 1-2 GHz cm S-band 2-4 GHz cm C-band 4-8 GHz cm X-band GHz cm Ku-band GHz cm K-band GHz cm Ka-band GHz cm Millimeter wave GHz mm Submillimeter wave GHz mm Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-23

24 Wireless Communication Standards Wireless LAN (IEEE b/g) 2.4 GHz Wireless LAN (IEEE a, HIPERLAN II) 5 GHz 30 MHz 300 MHz 3 GHz 30 GHz Bluetooth 2.45 GHz Local Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS) GHz Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-24

25 Mobile Communication Bands rd ISM,WLAN, Hiperlan, IEEE802.11a nd ISM, Bluetooth, IEEE802.11b/g 3rd Generation Mobile Communications: UMTS, IMT-2000, W-CDMA.. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-25

26 60GHz Bands 7 GHz of unlicensed bandwidth in the U.S. and Japan Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-26

27 Contents A Nonlinear History of Radio Introduction Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC) Conclusion Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-27

28 Take GSM as an Example Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-28

29 GSM 1995 Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-29

30 GSM 2006 Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-30

31 Single Chip GSM SoC DRP (Digital Radio Processor): 1. Transceiver 2. Frequency Synthesizer 3. ADC/DAC 4. DSP Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-31

32 90nm GSM Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-32

33 Single-Chip GSM Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-33

34 Why Single Chip Radio? Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-34

35 Conclusion There is a strong need for excellent Analog/RF designers. To prepare a career in the field of Analog/RF integrated circuit, this course is the first step. Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-35

36 Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou I-36