Amir Farughian

Transcription

1 Uudet tekniikat sähköverkon vikatilanteiden ja hajautetun tuotannon hallinnassa Amir Farughian

2 Overview Single-phase earth fault location Review of the existing methods Improving a method Sequence currents PSCAD simulations Theoretical analysis Earth fault location based on signaling Intermittent earth fault Publications and reports

3 Fault location methods Fault location methods Centralized Methods Distributed Methods Impedance based Basic Electrical Quantities Signalling Artificial intelligence Relays Pulse Travelling waves Fault Passage Indicators Non-grid frequency Smart Meters 3

4 Fault location methods Fault location methods Centralized Methods Distributed Methods Impedance based Basic Electrical Quantities Signalling Artificial intelligence Relays Pulse Travelling waves Fault Passage Indicators Non-grid frequency Smart Meters 4

5 Impedance-based methods not promising! J. Altonen and A. Wahlroos, "Performance of Modern Fault Passage Indicator Concept," in CIRED Workshop, Helsinki, June Commercial solutions for computational location of single-phase earth faults is not yet available, regardless of the research and development work done in recent years [1]. Due to lack of solutions for computational fault location of earth faults, application of Fault Passage Indicators (FPIs) is a promising alternative [2]. But now we have smart grids: Good sensors Working communication IEDs with high sampling rate, etc Decentralized methods 5

6 Fault location using sequence components 6

7 Basic method M. Lehtonen, O. Siirto and. M. F. Abdel-Fattah, "Simple Fault Path Indication Techniques for Earth Faults," in IEEE Electric Power Quality and Supply Reliability Conference (PQ), Rakvere, Estonia, June 2014: Along the fault current path between the feeding substation and the fault point, the negative sequence component varies only a little but it is practically non-existent behind the fault. 7

8 Negative sequence component (current) Negative sequence current can be obtained from phase currents I c I b I a I neg = 1 3 (I a + ai b + a 2 I c ) a = j 3 2 8

9 PSCAD simulations Rural Isolated Compensated Urban Isolated Compensated 9

10 Some PSCAD simulation results of the basic method (Lehtonen) 10

11 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km 11

12 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km 0 A 0 A 0 A 0 A 0 A 12

13 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km 13

14 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A 6.24 A 3.07 A 14

15 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A A A A 6.24 A 6.22 A 3.07 A 3.06 A 15

16 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A A A A A A A 6.24 A 6.22 A 6.02 A 3.07 A 3.06 A 2.96 A 16

17 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A A A A A A A A A A 6.24 A 6.22 A 6.02 A 3.27 A 3.07 A 3.06 A 2.96 A 1.61 A 17

18 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A A 2.99 A A A A A 2.98 A A A A A 2.99 A 6.24 A 6.22 A 6.02 A 3.27 A 0.42 A 3.07 A 3.06 A 2.96 A 1.61 A 0.20 A 18

19 Healthy feeder Background network Primary transformer AHXAMK AL132 Pigeon Raven 5 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Rf (Ω) A A A A 2.99 A 1 A A A A A 2.98 A 1 A A A A A 2.99 A 1 A 6.24 A 6.22 A 6.02 A 3.27 A 0.42 A 0.14 A 3.07 A 3.06 A 2.96 A 1.61 A 0.20 A 0.06 A 19

20 Improved method Invention disclosure Addresses the shortcoming of the basic method Report theoretical analysis PSCAD simulations 20

21 Main advantages of the new method Cost-effective No need for voltage measurement. It is based on only current measurements that can be performed by Rogowski coil Compared to signal injection methods, there is no need for additional injection devices Independent of the fault resistance 21

22 Basic method The basic method is in use already in urban networks. Its performance is good as in urban networks the fault resistance is close to zero ohms. 22

23 Fault location based on signaling 23

24 Principles of the method G. Druml, C. Raunig, P. Schenger and L. Fickert, "Fast Selective Earth Fault Localization using the New Fast Pulse Detection Method," in 22nd International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Stockholm, June

25 Intermittent Earth Fault 25

26 Intermittent earth fault location _ possible solution Faulted phase currents before and after the fault point 26

27 Publications and reports Amir Farughian, Lauri Kumpulainen, Kimmo Kauhaniemi, Review of Methodologies for Earth Fault Indication and Location in Compensated and Unearthed MV Distribution Networks, Electric Power Systems Research, (accepted) Invention disclosure (waiting for a decision) Amir Farughian, Anton Poluektov, Earth fault location based on powerline signaling, The 14th International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection, March 2018, Belfast, UK (submitted). Sampo Voima, Amir Farughian, Intermittent Earth Fault Protection and Location, June 2017 (report) 27

28 Kiitos! 28