INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

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1 Serial Number: -. ROGOWSKI CURRENT WAVEFORM TRANSDUCERS INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE CWT POWERTEK 148 Beecham Road, Reading Berkshire RG30 2RE United Kingdom Tel: Fax: March 2003

2 INTRODUCTION POWERTEK s Rogowski Current Waveform Transducers combine high bandwidth, safety, and the minimum disruption to the circuit under test. These instructions should be followed whenever the unit is used. They are intended to help you obtain the best and safest performance from the transducer. SPECIFICATION ACCURACY (5 to 100% full scale) Within the limits of bandwidth and low frequency noise that are specified on the relevant CWT specification sheet. Calibration: Positional accuracy: (Standard coils) Linearity: Normally ±0.2% (traceable to UKAS) with the conductor central in the CWT loop. See the calibration certificate for more details. ±1% typ. variation of accuracy with conductor position in the loop (see Obtaining The Best Measurement ) ±0.05% typ. POWER SUPPLY The CWT can be powered by both battery and an external DC voltage. With the external DC supply present the batteries are inoperative. Battery type: Battery life: DC socket type: 4 (four) 1.5V AA alkali 70 hrs typ. 2.1 or 2.5mm jack socket polarity indicated on front of CWT DC voltage: 12 to 24V DC (±10%) DC quiescent supply current: 30mA (@12V DC), 30mA (@ 24V DC) When specified with rechargeable batteries the CWT operates directly from the batteries when there is no DC supply present and is powered directly from the DC supply when present. With the DC supply present the rechargeable batteries are permanently trickle charged. Battery type: Battery life: Recharge time: DC socket type: 4 (four) 1.2V NiMH rechargeable batteries 30 hrs typ. (based on a 1400mAH cell) 40 hrs typ. 2.1 or 2.5mm jack socket polarity indicated on front of CWT DC voltage: 12 to 24V DC (±10%) DC quiescent supply current: 70mA (@12V DC), 70mA (@ 24V DC) OUTPUT Maximum output voltage: Output cable: Minimum output loading: ±6V (corresponding to ±Peak Current Rating of CWT) 0.5m BNC to BNC 50Ω cable 100kΩ OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGES Rogowski coil and cable Integrator electronics -20 o C to 100 o C 0 to 40 o C March

3 CWT ROGOWSKI CURRENT TRANSDUCER 1. Rogowski coil (loop) 2. Free end of the Rogowski coil 3. Ferrule (the connecting mechanism for closing the Rogowski coil). 4. Cable connecting the Rogowski coil to the integrator electronics 5. Socket for external DC supply 6. LED status indicator for external DC supply 7. Enclosure for the integrator electronics 8. Output BNC socket 9. 4 x AA batteries 10. LED indicator - GREEN - CWT is ON - RED low battery 11. Push button ON / OFF switch March

4 SAFETY AND PRE-USE CHECKS Throughout this instruction sheet there are a number of warnings which must be observed to ensure safe operation of this unit. These warnings are identified by the following symbol: POWERTEK accepts no responsibility for any accidents or damage resulting from careless use, or non- observance of these instructions. THE ROGOWSKI COIL The integrity of the insulation around the Rogowski coil itself should be VISUALLY INSPECTED before use, and the unit should NOT BE USED if there are signs of damage. When bending the flexible coil around a conductor, avoid tight bends and sharp edges that could damage the coil. The voltage rating (safe PEAK working voltage) is clearly labelled on the coil. The rating is normally 10kV peak (red coil) but can also be 5kV peak (yellow coil) and 2kV peak (green coil). The removable silicone sleeve supplied with the coil increases the voltage rating of yellow and green coils to 10kV peak and provides mechanical protection. The ratings are derived from the following standard test. All coils supplied by POWERTEK including the ferrule connecting the coil to the cable are flash tested for 1 minute at 15kVrms using a 50Hz sinewave. Coils rated at 10kV peak (red coils) are tested without the 10kV sleeve; coils rated below 10kV peak (yellow and green coils) are tested with the 10kV sleeve fitted. For additional safety it is recommended that the ferrule is not situated in direct contact with conductors at voltages higher than 8kV peak. See also Obtaining the Best Measurement. The voltage ratings are appropriate for intermittent use of the CWT as a test instrument and not for continuous use in a permanent installation. For permanent installation the coil should be situated such that corona, which would eventually damage the coil insulation, cannot occur. For information regarding permanent installation of POWERTEK s Rogowski coils on high voltage equipment please consult POWERTEK. Voltage ratings are only valid if the free-end of the coil is fully inserted into the socket, and remains fully inserted during use. The free end will be fully inserted when the user feels the free-end of the coil engage with the internal click-in mechanism inside the ferrule. Visual indication that the coil mechanism is fully inserted is provided by the black cable marker situated near the end of the coil, as shown opposite March

5 10kV peak 10kV peak If the coil is to be left in-situ for any period of time or is used in an environment where the coil is subject to vibration the locking nut should be engaged as shown in the diagram below. To lock the jaws The locking mechanism must not be actuated at temperatures below 0 o C Care must be taken not to over-tighten the locking nut. THE INTEGRATOR The CWT must only be used with oscilloscopes or monitoring equipment which have their BNC INPUTS PROPERLY GROUNDED. March

6 SWITCHING ON Before installing the CWT and taking a measurement refer to SAFETY AND PRE-USE CHECKS to ensure safe operation of your CWT Do not fit a Rogowski coil to a live circuit; always de-energise the circuit first. 1. Connect the BNC plug on the output cable of the transducer to your oscilloscope or current monitoring equipment. The CWT must only be used with oscilloscopes or monitoring equipment which have their BNC INPUTS PROPERLY GROUNDED. 2. Having carried out the VISUAL INSPECTION of the Rogowski coil, un-clip the coil and wrap it around the de-energised conductor under test. 3. Insert the free-end of the coil fully inside the ferrule and lock the jaws if necessary. 4. Re-energise the conductor. 5. The CWT is switched ON by pressing and releasing the ON push button, and is turned OFF by depressing the button fully; the LED indicates that the CWT is ON when the LED is GREEN. 6. EITHER - Standard alkali battery supplied CWT units - B Four 1.5V AA alkali batteries provide about 70 hours operation. Battery voltage is continuously monitored; healthy batteries are indicated by the GREEN LED. If the LED is RED the batteries are delivering less than 2V and must be replaced by removing the sliding battery door in the back cover of the integrator enclosure. The units can also be powered by an external DC supply. The DC voltage can be between 12 and 24V (±10%). When the DC supply is present a RED indicating LED adjacent to the socket is illuminated. With the DC supply present the batteries are inoperative. - OR - Re-chargeable battery CWT units - R When fully charged four 1.2V AA NiMH rechargeable cells provide about 30hrs operation. Battery voltage is continuously monitored; healthy batteries are indicated by the GREEN LED. If the LED is RED the batteries are delivering less than 2V and must be recharged. The units can also be powered by an external DC supply. The DC voltage can be between 12 and 24V (±10%). When the DC supply is present a RED indicating LED adjacent to the socket is illuminated. When the DC supply is present the batteries are inoperative and the external DC voltage powers the integrator. In addition when the DC supply is present (regardless of whether the integrator is on or off) the rechargeable batteries are trickle charged. 7. After switch-on the CWT requires a settling down time to attain its quiescent state before providing correct current measurement. The time, which depends on warm-up and low frequency bandwidth, can be as long as 2 minutes. March

7 OBTAINING THE BEST MEASUREMENT The Rogowski coil should be positioned so that the conductor under test is encircled by the coil but is not adjacent to the cable attachment (see picture below). The arrows across the coil show the direction a positive current should pass through the coil loop in order to obtain a positive output voltage. The CWT has been calibrated with the conductor near the centre, and this is the ideal position. I current into page KEEP CONDUCTORS AWAY FROM SHADED AREA The sensitivity of the CWT to currents that do not pass through the coil is very small, provided that such currents are no greater than the CWT s rating or such currents are relatively distant from the coil. In the vicinity of a multi-turn inductor the H field is far stronger than from a single conductor carrying the same current, and such positions should be avoided. Similarly if there is a surface with a high voltage very close to the coil, and the voltage is subject to high rates of change (e.g. several 100 V/µs) or high frequency oscillations in the MHz range, then measurement error can arise due to capacitive coupling to the coil. As a check on any unwanted response to adjacent fields, it is wise to display the output of the CWT when close to (but not encircling) the conductor whose current is to be measured. This will reveal the magnitude of any unwanted response to currents close to but outside the coil. EMC EMISSIONS POWERTEK s Rogowski current waveform transducers are certified to: BS EN :1994 IMMUNITY POWERTEK s Rogowski current waveform transducers are certified to: BS EN :1995 OUTPUT CABLES A 0.5m BNC-BNC output cable is supplied with the unit but a longer cable can be used. The cable should be a 50 ohm singly screened co-axial cable. Although at present this has not been included in the immunity tests and may decrease RF noise immunity, POWERTEK does not consider the use of extension cables to be problematic from the noise viewpoint. POWERTEK has conducted tests using a 25m extension and no discernible attenuation of measured current signal has occurred although, as is to be expected, there is an increased measurement delay of 5ns/m. March

8 WARRANTY The coil is guaranteed to be free from defects due to materials and workmanship for 12 months and the integrator for 24 months from the date of despatch from Powertek Ltd. In the event of a defect or incorrect operation of the unit where the transducer has not been misused the CWT should be returned to POWERTEK with all freight charges to be paid by the customer. Correction shall be in the form of repair or replacement. RETURNING CWTs FOR RECALIBRATION OR REPAIR If it is necessary to return the CWT to POWERTEK for repair whether or not under warranty please contact POWERTEK in advance for shipping instructions (see last below for contact details). To facilitate customs clearance it is important to follow the correct procedure otherwise import tax will be charged. POWERTEK will not accept units sent for recalibration or repair if the relevant procedure is not followed. For technical updates and the latest product releases please contact POWERTEK 148 Beecham Road, Reading Berkshire RG30 2RE United Kingdom Tel: Fax: info@powertekuk.com March

CWT SPECIFICATION The CWT from Power Electronic Measurements Ltd. is a state of the art wide-bandwidth ac current probe.

they sinusoidal, quasi-sinusoidal or pulsed. A 2700A current pulse with a 6700A/ms falling edge measured by a CWT15 with a 500mm coil and a very high bandwith coaxial shunt - 10ms/div.

circuit breaker interruption currents Measuring pulses of current Measuring ac currents superimposed on large dc currents Measuring harmonic current components Measuring signal or earth leakage

9 CWT SPECIFICATION The CWT from Power Electronic Measurements Ltd. is a state of the art wide-bandwidth ac current probe. The CWT is ideal for power electronics development work because it combines an easy to use thin, flexible, clip-around coil with an ability to accurately replicate fast switching current waveforms be they sinusoidal, quasi-sinusoidal or pulsed. A 2700A current pulse with a 6700A/ms falling edge measured by a CWT15 with a 500mm coil and a very high bandwith coaxial shunt - 10ms/div. Applications Monitoring current waveforms for semiconductor switches Development and servicing of power electronic equipment Monitoring high frequency sinusoidal currents Measuring fault currents or circuit breaker interruption currents Measuring pulses of current Measuring ac currents superimposed on large dc currents Measuring harmonic current components Measuring signal or earth leakage currents in 3-phase supply systems Features Measurement range from 300mA to 300,000A Typical bandwidths from 0.1Hz to 16MHz The DC offset is no greater than 2mV over the operating temperature range. Thin and flexible, clip-around coil in lengths from 300mm to 1000mm other lengths available as custom designs ð Easy to insert probe in confined spaces ð Robust lockable clip-in mechanism ð Non-intrusive loading the circuit under test by only a few ph Coil peak voltage isolation capability up to 10kV Instantaneous ±6V peak to peak output to plug directly into scope, data acquisition equipment, DVM or power recorders CE Marked Accuracy of ±1% of reading POWER ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS Ltd., Nottingham, U.K. Tel: +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) info@pemuk.com Website:

10 PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Type Sensitivity (mv/a) Peak current (ka) Peak di/dt (ka/ms) *1. Distributed around the f L (-3dB) bandwidth. *2. For 2.5m cable length. Contact PEM for values of fh for other coil and cable lengths Noise max *1 (mv pk-pk) Droop typ. (%/ ms) LF (3dB) bandwidth typ. (Hz) f L High Sensitivity Ranges of CWT... measuring currents from 300mA Phase lead at 50Hz typ. (deg) HF (3dB) bandwidth typ. (MHz) f H * 2 Coil Length 300mm CWT kHz 6 4 CWT kHz CWT kHz CWT kHz CWT1N kHz 10 5 CWT Hz Standard Ranges of CWT... measuring currents from 15A CWT3N CWT CWT CWT CWT CWT CWT CWT CWT TYPICAL ACCURACY Traceable calibration to ±0.2% with conductor central in the loop Variation with conductor position in the coil loop typically ±1% TYPICAL LINEARITY ±0.05% (Full Scale) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM CWT 03, 06 PEAK 40.0 RMS 70 C VALUES OF di / dt (ka/ms) CWT 015, 1N, 3N PEAK 20.0 RMS 70 C (value must not be exceeded) all other CWT s PEAK 40.0 RMS 70 C (Further information available on request) COIL AND CABLE COIL CIRCUMFERENCE 300, 500, 700 or 1000mm COIL CROSS SECTION (max) 8.5mm - (14 mm with sleeve) PEAK COIL VOLTAGE ISOLATION 10kV Safe peak working voltage to earth. The coils are flash tested at 15kVrms for 60 seconds. The coil is supplied with a removable silicone sleeve which provides additional mechanical protection. Information about continuous use of the coils at high voltage can be obtained from PEM. TEMPERATURE RANGE -20 C to 100 C For de-rating due to temperature cycling please consult PEM Coil Length 700mm ƒ CABLE LENGTH (from box to coil) 2.5m or 4m INTEGRATOR POWER SUPPLY B Battery 4 x AA (1.5V standard alkali batteries) -plus- 2.1/2.5mm socket for 12 to 24V (±10%) DC input Typical life 70hrs Battery inoperative with DC supply present INTEGRATOR BOX DIMENSIONS R Rechargeable battery 4 x AA (rechargeable NiMH batteries) -plus- 2.1/2.5mm socket for 12 to 24V (±10%) DC input Recharge time 40hrs, Typical life 30hrs Battery is charged whenever DC supply present H = 183mm, W = 93mm, D = 32mm OUTPUT SOCKET BNC (output impedance 50W - unit supplied with 0.5m BNC - BNC coaxial cable) MIN. OUTPUT LOADING 100kW (for rated accuracy) TEMPERATURE RANGE 0 C to 40 C ORDERING Type + Power supply Cable Length Coil Circumference e.g. order code CWT30 B If you have any queries regarding the CWT or require specifications outside our standard ranges please do not hesitate to contact us. Nov 2010

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

Serial Number: -. ROGOWSKI CURRENT WAVEFORM TRANSDUCERS INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE CWT POWERTEK 148 Beecham Road, Reading Berkshire RG30 2RE United Kingdom Tel: 0118 950 2468 Fax: 0118 958 8360 Email: info@powertekuk.com