Sam Keung Regional Manager (BU Fire Protection), Hilti Corporation February, 2018 Sydney

Transcription

1 FIRESTOPPING & SMOKE SEAL FOR CURTAIN WALL Sam Keung Regional Manager (BU Fire Protection), Hilti Corporation February, 2018 Sydney

2 POOR FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES RESULTED IN FIRE ON THE 21 ST FLOOR TO SPREAD ALL OVER Location: Edificio Windsor, Madrid Time and Date: 11:00 PM, February 12, 2005 Construction Type: Reinforced concrete core with waffle slabs supported by internal RC columns and steel beams, with perimeter steel columns that were unprotected above the 17th Floor level at the time of the fire. Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

3 SEALING CURTAIN WALL JOINT WITH PROPER FIRESTOP TECHNIQUES DELAYS THE TIME TAKEN BY FIRE TO SPREAD 1. Propagation of a fire from a room via the window to the outside and through or along the façade itself to the storey(s) above. 2. Propagation of a (fully developed) fire from a room via a window to the outside and back in through a window above. 3. Propagation of a fire from a room to the room above via the gap between the floor slab and the façade (curtain wall). Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

4 CURTAIN WALL JOINT: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL Fire rated wall Floor slab Horizontal Joint Vertical Joint Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

5 STEEL PLATE FOR SEALING HAS MANY DRAWBACKS Difficult to inspect No movement capability Many installation steps can go wrong Sheet metal needs to be mechanically fixed More Expensive Slow and labor intensive Steel plate for sealing Curtain Wall joints is neither the cheapest nor the best solution available! Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb, 2018

6 TRADITIONAL METHOD FOR SEALING CURTAIN WALL JOINTS LEAVES SEVERAL GAPS FOR FIRE AND SMOKE TO SPREAD Insulation Gaps Non-Fire Rated Sealant Un-Insulated Mullions Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

7 ELEMENTS OF A PROPER PERIMETER JOINT SYSTEM Flexible Firestop (Movement capable) Mineral Wool (Compressed) Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

8 TESTED SYSTEM FOR CURTAIN WALL STRETCH AS THE CURTAIN WALL EXPANDS THUS MAINTAIN INTEGRITY Fire Stop Fire Stop Firestop Drops Firestop Stretches Sealant Stretches Traditional Firestop Method for Curtain Walls Outward buldging rips materials that do not stretch Most codes do not address the anchor connection it is important to maintain system integrity Lighter facades heat up faster Tested Firestop Method for Curtain Walls In a fire situation, the curtain wall will expand A flexible, expandable firestop system expands with the curtain wall thus preventing formation of gaps The sealing material (mastic spray) must also expand Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

9 EVEN IN NON-FIRE CONDITIONS, THERE ARE MOVEMENTS IN CURTAIN WALLS THAT CAN ALLOW SMOKE TO PASS Type of Movement Source of Movement Amount of Movement Figure 1 Horizontal Shear between façade and floor a) Wind Drift b) Seismic c) Thermal mm (1/8in) max 2 Vertical movement between brackets at floor level Dead + Live Load 9.5 mm (3/8in) max deflection for 9m/30ft slab 3 In-and-out movement between brackets at floor level Wind pressure and rolling vortexes ± L/175 Where L is distance between brackets 1. Horizontal Shear between façade and floor 2. Vertical Movement between brackets at floor level 3. In-and-out movement between brackets at floor level Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

10 IN EVENT OF FIRE, HEAT CAUSES THE CURTAIN WALL TO BULGE OUT CREATING SPACE FOR SMOKE AND FIRE TO SPREAD S3 + Gap CW Panel Slab S2 S1 L2 S3 CW Bracket L1 Plug Values Triangulation Gap Growth L S % T1 23 S % L S % T % α Aluminum % Anchor Movement 10 Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

11 MOVEMENT : IS 25% MOVEMENT REALLY WORK FOR SEALANT? Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

12 A FEW EXAMPLES OF RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS FOR CURTAIN WALL PERIMETER JOINT SEALING Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung November,

13 JOINT SPRAY SYSTEM OFFER QUICK AND EASY INSTALLATION VS STEEL PLATE COVER Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

14 ASTM E2307 TEST: RATING FOR NON-FIRE RATED CURTAIN WALL PERIMETER SYSTEM face back View from front face Cross-section view ASTM E 2307 in 1990s Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung November,

15 EN CURTAIN WALLING FULL CONFIGURATION Horizontal Joint Vertical Joint Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung November,

16 MOVEMENT TEST IS PART OF THE QUALIFACTION IN US AND EUROPEAN APPROVAL Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung November,

17 SUMMARY US EU CN HK AU 1. Material Non-Combustible 2. Leaf forging Evaluated in ASTM 2307 Spandrel Required (no Sprinkler Trade off) Spandrel Required (Sprinkler Trade off permitted) 3. Perimeter Joint system ASTM UL Listing EN1364 (Perimeter Seal) + CE marking GB23864 Spray or Sealant + CCC marking EN1364 (Perimeter Seal) + Smoke test EN1634 No test required Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

18 FIRE TEST FOR VERTICAL JOINT BS EN Before Test 1:55 hr After 2 hr test Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

19 APPLICATION ON PROJECT Vertical joint Horizontal joint Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,

20 KEY TAKEAWAYS Curtain Wall perimeter joint is critical System Test (eg: ASTM 2307 / EN 1364) is the industry standard method which offer movement flexibility Challenge in Asia Pacific Region to implement System solution The current code requirement in AU is behind the industry standard. Owner / Architects need to specify additional measure on Curtain Wall Fire stopping. Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb, 2018

21 THANK YOU Firestopping for Façade Sam Keung Feb,