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10 .# GB3 9 5 BF7 %"M )J,33 &' I 7 _7 B S B < 06 (,3 *12 4c%B F2) *B 8*%*" 8&:O GB S &* ) 8# 8:#!a2 D3 83 A G5 < %6" 0 9,B= -?9,9# B8) 8# 8@&7 # <#,# L/ *B # 8%*B J 8# lu7 4COP K GB S G5 # 8AB! 1*2 B <7` &' B/* &'# DE9 & / `B 4&" <.9# 2*@ B 8EE `B &9 <%*F7 3&3 References 1. Nick Gohar A. Foundations of Sociology. Tehran, Iran: Totia Publications; Rahbari Shandi F. A comparative study of female participation in the labor market and other countries. In: Hashemi A, editor. Development and the multiplicity of roles. Tehran, Iran: Olive Leaf; Iravani M. Women's, Higher education system and employment. Quarterly Journal of Quantitative Economics 2004; 2(2): Haddadi M, Chaldi A, Sajjadi H, lehi M. Relationship between occupational class and mental health in women. Journal of Social Welfare 2011; 11(40): Statistical Center of Iran. Population and Housing Census in 2006 [Online]. [cited 2006]; Available from: URL: 6. Javaheri F, Daryapur Z. Occupational problems of women faculty members. Journal of Women's Studies 2008; 6(2): Sheikhi M. Sociology of women and family. Tehran, Iran: Publishing Company; Asgari M. Designing an adjustment model in hemodialysis patients [PhD Thesis]. Tehran, Iran: Tarbiat Modares University; Burns N, Grove SK. The Practice of Nursing Research. 4 th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders; Polit DF, Beck CT. Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Speziale HS, Streubert HJ, Carpenter DR. Qualitative Research in Nursing: Advancing the Humanistic Imperative. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Holloway I, Wheeler S. Qualitative Research in Nursing and Healthcare. 3 rd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; Azgoli G, Nuryzdan S, Shams J, Alavi Majd H. Fatigue in pregnant women. J Nurs Midwifery Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci 2007; 59: Ahmadi A, Taghavi H. The effect of maternal employment on children's academic performance and behavior. Women in Development & Politics 2003; 5(1): Gibson MA, Mace R. Helpful grandmothers in rural Ethiopia: A study of the effect of kin on child survival and growth. Evolution and Human Behavior 2005; 26(6): Rastegarkhaled A. Relation Between work family: Gender differences in social support and enjoyment. Journal of Women in Development & Politics (Women's Studies) 2004; 2(2): Maghsodi S, Bostan Z. Difficulties of both domestic and social roles of women in Kerman. Journal of Women's Studies 2004; 2(5): Braunstein-Bercovitza H, Frish-Bursteina S, Benjaminb BA. The role of personal resources in work-family conflict: Implications for young mothers' well-being? Journal of Vocational Behavior 2012; 80(2): Arthur MB, Parker P. Giving voice to the dual-career couple. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 2004; 32(1): Losoncz I, Bortolotto N. Work-life Balance: The Experiences of Australian Working Mothers. Journal of Family Studies 2009; 15(2):

11 21. Ahmad-Nia S. Women's work and health in Iran: a comparison of working and non-working mothers. Soc Sci Med 2002; 54(5): Jamshidi A, Bahadori M, Jahanbakhsh M, Molavi H. Comparison between mental health and social health of housewives and employed in Isfahan city. Proceedings of the 1 st Congress of Social Psychology; 2011 Mar 1-2; Tehran, Iran. p

12 The Experiences of Employed Women Related to their Maternal Role: A Phenomenological Qualitative Research Mansour Ahmadi Faraz 1, Heydar Ali Abedi 2, Mehrdad Azarbarzin 3 Abstract Original Article Introduction: Regarding recent social and economic changes and developments and the increasing presence of working women in society, paying more attention to the importance of maternal role among working women who face multiple roles is necessary. Therefore, this study describes the experiences of working women related to their maternal role. Method: This was a qualitative research, in which the phenomenological approach was used. The participants were selected from women working in one of the units of Islamic Azad University, Iran. Purposive sampling was used to select 9 participants. In-depth interviews were the main data collection method. In addition, data were analyzed through Colaizzi s method. Reliability and validity of the present study was rooted in the four axes of real value, applicability, continuity, and being based on reality. Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 414 primary codes, 25 subthemes, and 7 main themes including different pregnancy, supportive umbrella, role alteration, role overlap, role strain, gradual adaptation, and erosion. Conclusion: The acceptance of numerous roles, such as maternal and marital roles, by working women results in various role expectations of them from their children, spouses, family, and the society. This, in turn, forces them to meet both familial and occupational needs and expectations. However, since maternal role is considered as one of the most important roles of women, this obviously, intentionally or unintentionally, can affect the maternal role and cause role conflicts for working mothers. Based on the findings of the current study, this important role of working mothers is accompanied by much hardship and difficulty and it is a completely different process than that experienced by non-working mothers. Since this may affect their physical and mental health, it necessitates more attention. Keywords: Experiences of working women, Maternal role, Phenomenology Citation: Ahmadi Faraz M, Abedi HA, Azarbarzin M. The Experiences of Employed Women Related to their Maternal Role: A Phenomenological Qualitative Research. J Qual Res Health Sci 2014; 3(2): Received date: Accept date: Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, Iran 2-Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran 3- Lecturer, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, Isfahan, Iran Corresponding Author: Mansour Ahmadi Faraz, m.ahmadifaraz@off.iaun.ac.ir 148

MATHCOUNTS. 100 Classroom Lessons. August Prepared by

MATHCOUNTS. 100 Classroom Lessons. August Prepared by MATHCOUNTS 100 Classroom Lessons August 2000 Prepared by John Cocharo The Oakridge School 5900 W. Pioneer Parkway Arlington, TX 76013 (817) 451-4994 (school) jcocharo@esc11.net (school) cocharo@hotmail.com